Preface
My Dad, then living in Rockville Centre, NY, whilst I was in Florida, sent me this when he was 74, and I was 29, that is, 1986. The letter described his time in the second world war for five years, starting not long after Pearl Harbor and returning home for his stepmothers' death the day the atom bomb was dropped. In the reserves prior to Pearl Harbor, he left immediately for overseas. For much of the time he served with o physicians from New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital, or PG, as they called it. The diary details his life in Tonga, Fiji and Guadalcanal. Casualties were high, with various traumatic injuries, as well as parasitic and tropical diseases. Malaria was rampant and refractory to treatment, while, particularly as the years passed away from home, psychiatric casualties mounted. I say with pride that Dad was a pretty good writer and documenter. I can also say with pride that he treated Japanese prisoner patients ethically, as much as was positive under the circumstances. Japanese prisoners were treated with less priority, usually, to say the least. Another interesting aspect of the diary is his search for his brother Edgar who was a fighter pilot (shot down behind enemy lines eventually) in the chaos of troops stationed in the Philippines. Edgar did have a least one victory in October of 1945, possibly more. Dad had great respect for the Australian fighters he worked with, regarding them as brave and selfless and good company. There seemed to be more comradery with the Australian and New Guinea fighters than with the British.
He was at Lingayen Gulf on Jan 9, 45, and the photo below
is that day and the next day (see
below).
The diary date begins after Pearl Harbor when he was
called to duty after being a ship surgeon on the Grace Line.
Anti-aircraft fire from ships of the U.S. Navy task force in
Lingayen Gulf, Luzon. Taken from USS Boise (CL-47) on 10
January 1945 (80-G-304355).
US landing barges carrying invasion troops in Lingayen
Gulf, Luzon, 9 Jan 1945 (US National Archives: 26-G-3856)
---Damon LaBarbera, PhD
Letter from Dad with retrospective memory
July 15th, 1986
Dear Damon,
I have read my diary after a lapse of forty years. We had
to "turn them in" for security reasons while at either Guadalcanal or
Cape Gloucester (New Britain). I have found that it is not exciting and very
repetitive--dull, as it actually was. We were always waiting for
something to happen.
When we went through “The Canal” (Panama) our Fleet Task
Force found, after a secret letter was opened, that we would head for
Tonga (a name none of us had even heard of)--an "expendable"
Taskforce. In April 1942 when we left the states, the Japanese were still
conquering all--even though the Philippines had not as yet been taken. We
were to be a holding group to try to prevent further expansion of the
Japanese forces. The Japanese were actually headed to the same area to use
as South Pacific headquarters. We had two plans, a forced landing, or if the
Island had not been taken, a peaceful landing.
Admiral Fletcher and his Task Force engaged the Japanese
Fleet at the Battle of Coral Sea (a misnomer since it was actually
the Solomon Sea). The Tokyo raid and attack on Midway occurred while
we were halfway across the Pacific. We arrived at our destination as
that battle was taking place, hence a peaceful landing-in
a Tropical Paradise--unspoiled beauty since we were the first to arrive in
that area. Everything was as it had been for centuries. We kept ourselves busy
on the island treating medical and surgical casualties.
On Fiji, I volunteered to join the Rangers #37th Div. who
were to up into Cape Gloucester. I backed into that one saying I’d
go if no one else would--and since all the other officers declined your
Dad was it. On the morning that I was to leave my footlocker
outside my quarters, the commanding officer rescinded the order. The group
(Rangers) went in on the invasion and it was total annihilation. None survived.
We were staging to invade a very strong Japanese
base—Kavieng on New Ireland. (Rabaul in New Britain, Kavieng on New Ireland,
and Leika were the strongest Japanese Pacific bases. The plans
were aborted since we found that casualties would have been too high as we
found they knew our plans. Therefore more sitting around and
waiting.
Eventually, we arrived at Cape Gloucester-the worst
spot in the face of the earth, having stopped on the way in Finschhafen,
New Guinea. I received permission to go ashore and look for
Ed—unfruitfully. The Japanese were at the east end of the island at
Rabaul. We staged for the Philippine invasion. We stopped
at Manus Island and spent Christmas of ’44 up in the air in dry
dock. The ship’s bottom was scraped free of barnacles to
improve our speed and after a few days starting about January 1st 45
we started our way northward towards the Philippines. We went through
the Serago Strait with Jap bases on both sides—and up the west coast
of Luzon with many Kamikaze planes (brave pilots) up there, and
coming down at us throughout the trip. Their main targets were aircraft
carriers—and battleships, cruisers, etc., and an occasional
transport. We were at Lingayen Gulf, Jan 9th,
1945. The Gulf was jammed all full of ships—with many planes
flying overhead. At 6AM to 9AM all hell broke loose with battleship, etc
hurling shells and rockets, and planes dropping bombs, and strafing the shore.
Jap planes came out and dropped their bombs around our ships with some hits. I
remember one Jap was swimming alongside our ship—he still had his glasses on.
Looking up we saw Jap planes appearing and then disappearing into the
clouds—the sun symbol on their wings. The Kamikaze (Divine Wind) planes and
pilots were all destroyed, either shot down or crashing into the vessels or
sea. The noise was horrendous—deafening.
I was boat team commander and leader and
we descended down the rope Jacob ladder into the heaving boats below
some falling into the boats having lost their footing. We circled around for
about five minutes before getting sick on the gas fumes from all the landing
craft that were circling--and on command headed toward the beach.
The sea was heaving (It was chosen since the Japs would be
less likely to consider landing there. We lost many landing crafts
which were turned over by the rough sea and the men lost. We
landed on a sandbar and had to disembark chest-high in water with a
carbine and 70 pounds backpack, etc. but made it without
much trouble. I had the men run to the shore--1/8 mile--go into the bush
and clean their carbines one or two at a time.
We met no opposition--since we did not go ashore the
first day--but settled where the unit was to bivouac--dug fox holes. The
Japanese had withdrawn miles inland, which was their custom to avoid the
bombardment. -and we, as our custom, thought they would counterattack . Three
planes (Black Widows--P61s) flew over at dusk to be shot down by our own
men. They had not been briefed on the new plains. We slept
in fox holes--rather than in zippered mosquito bar hammocks since it had
been easy for the infiltrating Japs to knife anyone from below trapped in the
hammock through the rubberized lower hammock section. Our troops forced the
Japs southward. Lts Sam Maroon , Van Atton and I requested
the use of a native’s thatched and bamboo house-elevated about three feet above
the ground on bamboo supports. We used the native fireplace to cook our
meals. About six weeks later we moved provisions to the village and occupied
the house the Japs used as headquarters. We treated many casualties--medical
and surgical. We stayed in pyramidal tents.
One night the O.D. (officer of the day) alerted
us that they believed that Japanese were infiltrating our
area--which did not seem to bother anyone to any degree. It seems we
had been exposed so much to danger that it did not register as it would
have been three years earlier. Our men (some) after finishing their medical
routine went off for hunting and killing Japanese who were
trying to make their escape from the mountains to the sea. Human life
value had been lost. I disapproved and treated the Japanese prisoners as
well as I possibly could.
Two or three other officers and I jeeped to Manila
and stayed in the basement at the University of Santo Tomas which
had been used as a POW locale. Many of the unit had been
sent home for various reasons--alcoholism, N.P, Filariasis, etc. I rose
from ward office (Lieut) to Asst Chief Major, and acting
head of my unit. The latter position I never had to assume--where warranted
a Lt Colomer and which sometimes unfairly perhaps but not of my
doing were ranked higher than some of my superiors at the star of the
war. As a team boat leader, I had a major and a captain as
subordinates, as well as a group of enlisted men.
Manila was a mess with much
evidence of combat—downed planes, mostly Japanese. There was very
little diversion except for movies—and reading. Toward the end of July, I
learned that my mother (stepmom) had passed on suddenly—and I was
urged to come home on emergency leave. To do so I had to sign up
and return after a month's leave, for another year. I was long past
overdue to be returned, and to go home for
a month and then return was an extremely unpleasant
thought. Not knowing what was taking place at home, I decided
to go on leave. The trip to New York, July 31 to Aug 6, sitting
up, with no solid sleep, was enervating and extremely depressing. On
the day I arrived in New York, the bomb was dropped. It took about three
weeks for me to learn I was to proceed to Fort Dix for separation—rather than
the San Francisco port of Embarkation. Our group was
scheduled to invade Kyushu, the southernmost Japanese island in
October. Two million were to take part—we expected a million casualties
(allies). I had been in the service for almost four years and spent only
four months of that in the US.
Personal Diary of
Lt. Jos. F. LaBarbera, M.C.
A.S.N. 0404750
Force No 0051-I
In case of accident
please forward this
Diary to
Mr. Frank LaBarbera
532 9th Street, N.Y.
New York
May 15th--1942
On my arrival in New York from South America, I learned that the 7th Evacuation
Hospital had been called to active duty. (Jan 12) The following day I had my
physical examination and invested some $150 in uniforms. After a few farewell
parties, our group set out for Fort Dix, expecting to be there for only a few
days. However, our stay there was much longer than we anticipated. We were
quartered in barracks and altho our heating apparatus was poor (26’ one
morning) and the routine monotonous, we were all in relatively good condition
when we left.
After many false alarms due to rumors, the unit was ordered to the Port of
Embarkation on the sixth of April. I had already moved to the Fort 9 days
previously to assist Major Preston with the supplies. I had charge of all
---and was glad that one hectic week had passed before everything was all set.
We were aboard ship for two days before sailing (3:40PM) 4-9 and while sailing
down through New York Bay I tried to get a few last glimpses of New York
through a porthole as all army personnel had been ordered indoors so that the
troops might sail undetected. Our trip in the Atlantic, thru Mora Strait and
the Caribbean to the Canal took ten days. We saw the Aquitania there which
appeared in a wretched condition. It sailed soon after our arrival. We were not
allowed ashore.
Our ship was the Barnett (The Santa Maria of the Grace Line). We were “blacked
out every night” except for blue lights in the corridors and one row of lights
in the ward room. Our group (Lts Maroon, Hutchinson, Van Notta and Stansfield
and myself) was very unfortunate as we had neither a ventilator or fan in our
room. It was hot and stifling and humid and there were very few mornings when
we could say we actually felt that we had a good nights sleep. I tried sleeping
on the hurricane deck three or four nights but sleeping conditions were poor
there, too. We took aboard the General and his staff at Balboa as the Hunter
Leggett, the Hq. ship had engine trouble. She was to follow later after
repairs. This was a bad break for us as Col Meagher and other ranking officers
of our unit were left with the Leggett.
We spent our time aboard ship reading, sleeping, and preparing lectures for the
enlisted men (Military Sanitation, Field Sanitation, Venereal disease in the
tropics, Tropical diseases). As far as I know our destroyers contacted only one
submarine in the Atlantic. Our trip in the Pacific was very quiet although we
had frequent drills and had to wear our life belts at all times. We held our
Neptune’s Rex ceremonies passing over the equator and I took first as a sheet
back and initiated the “Polly Wogs”, passively, although I carried a canvass
club. I found that after our group went through that they had used my unused
clothing, including my new shoes--all of which were soaking wet. I did not
appreciate it too much. When were out of Panama for about 1 week we were
informed that we were bound for Tongaat the largest of the Friendly Islands. We
started thereafter, had meetings to organize our forces to take the island by
force as we did not know whether or not the Japs would be in possession of it
on our arrival. Since I was bored with the inactivity of the trip I found
myself hoping that we might run into some action providing that there be no
causalities in our task force. We arrived unopposed at Tonga on Friday, May 9
which automatically became Sat May 10 as we had passed over the International
Date Line.
I was ordered ashore on the 12th and was glad to set foot on Terra Firma after
33 days. I was immediately impressed by the good nature, friendliness and
hospitality of the Tongans. The men wore Sarongs (Lava Lava) and adorn
themselves with beads, and necklaces of various colors. They go shoeless and
their feet are extraordinarily large in length and width. They are well built,
rather tall, thick-chested, with large calves. We were all quartered in the
collecting station, slept on low cots, ate canned rations which were not too
bad, and began our adjustment on the island. The Tongans supplied entertainment
at night in the form of music and dancing. They did very well with American
music. (You are my sunshine, my only sunshine, etc.”). The Island strikes me as
a virtual paradise and I hope that we Americans will not spoil the dispositions
of the natives. There has not been a murder on the island for twenty years,
“there is no theft and the woman are not molested. We were split up into two
groups and took quarters in two homes. One on the beach had many modern
improvements-but the one I was assigned to was more spacious but had not
plumbing facilities at all. We slept on the floor the first night and found
that I was not as hard as I thought I was. I guess that the ocean trip did
things to me after my toughening up at Dix.
May 16--Slept better last night, as we finally wrangled cots from the O.M.C
which is pretty darned busy right now. Our temporary hospital is fairly well
established now in a building which previously was part of the Tongan college
Grove awoke last night and felt something walking up his leg--he kicked it
off--and it fell to the floor. Probably was a rat--as there are many here. Took
up my duties in the hospital today. Things are rather slow.
Have picked up a few Tongan words.
The Hunter Leggett arrived today--and was glad to see Col Meagher again as we
had had too many “generals” in our group who like their position but are afraid
to assume any responsibility.
The Yorktown Aircraft carrier with a few cruisers and destroyers arrived in
port to-day. The ship carried the casualties from the Battle of the Coral Sea.
We learned that the Lexington was sunk and that our losses were heavy altho
those of the Japs were greater.
Writing by candlelight is difficult. I sympathize with Honest Abe.
May 17th--Sunday--Quiet day--Localio gave me a haircut--short and moth-eaten in
places--but it feels good as I have not been able to get a haircut for the past
week. Gave Alley a bath with helmetfuls of water and he reciprocated. The
entire 7th is ashore now and its good to see the fellows again after 5-6
weeks. Probably will move out to our permanent site soon. Gave Alley
haircut--and did better than I thought I could.
May 18th--Uneventful day--List of Tent Mates was passed around today. Lt. Day
and I are to “keep house” together. Also learned that I am in charge of a Med.
ward for Gas and Shock Casualties.
Gave Sam Maroon a haircut this afternoon--after which he had to fetch a
professional to rectify my mistakes. I did a bum job. A native is now
instructing about 8 of the officers in Tongan. Rumors that there might be a Jap
attack within 2 weeks. Naval officers are making bets. Some of the men are
moving to the permanent site. I’m to stay here and work at the hospital.
May 20, 1942
My first day as O.D. Very slow day—but had to stay at the hospital
Bought trinkets for the family about a week ago but will not be able to send
them home until the censorship regulations are revised (Bead Necklaces).
Benjamin requested a trimming today--and learning from yesterday's mistakes did
a fair job.
Stories of American sailors in the battle of the Coral Sea shooting Japs in
lifeboats—and bayoneting Jap aviators seeking refuge on another carrier--.
Don't know how much truth there is to them.
Confidential notice on a new German Gas – HN2 which is more disastrous then
Mustard or Lewisite. We'd all be lost if they attacked us now, as no one
carries a gas mask or wears helmets.
Would like to eat at a table without flies-instead of the porch at the nurse’s
home.
Bought two bolo knifes s yesterday--4 shillings a piece.
May 22nd, 1942
We moved from Nuku'alofa to Houma yesterday. Many tents were set up –and things
are getting into shape rapidly. The hospital is in a coconut grove –coconut
trees are all over with a few banana trees in their midst. The officers'
sleeping quarters are across the road beneath the coconut trees and the fruit
hangs treacherously above. Our tent has not come yet and is probably on another
ship which has not been unloaded.
We went swimming yesterday—in the ocean about a mile away—our beach is a
beautiful place with cascades, blowholes, dense coconut trees, and cool water.
However, coral is abundant and cuts sharply. It actually is a South Sea
Paradise and just about the most beautiful place I've ever seen. Eating
conditions are much better—as we eat good food at tables with very few flies
protected by tents. The Red Cross furnished entertainment last night in the
form of American (record) and Tongan music.
Most of the patients were removed here from the other hospital yesterday.
Day and I cleaned our spot yesterday afternoon with machetes
Saw an octopus hanging outside of a natives hut last week—when on a hike.
Tentacles were about 2ft long.
Heard my first broadcast in 6 weeks from the states last night over our
short-wave radio. There is a seventeen/ nineteen (remember—EDST, ENT) hours
difference in time between here and New York.
The natives are extremely poor and live in thatched huts --and by far , most
sleep on a mat of coconut leaves on the floor. The children roam naked: They
live on fruit for the most part altho, there are some pigs and chickens which
roam loosely. However, the natives are about the happiest and most content
group I have ever seen. Life here in many places is primitive and has been the
same for hundreds of years.
Captain Cook called the island Tonga.
I met Dr. Steadman [Note: “killed in action” added ] of Garden City at the
hospital the other day. He is on the Solace which was at Pearl Harbor when it
was attacked and has some interesting tales.
May 23rd
Yesterday was a quiet day—Assignments to Med. Service made. I am to be free for
a while but will be O.D. Tomorrow.
Went swimming in the afternoon—
Admired the natural fish pools and rock gardens with Col McKelvey.
Medical meeting last night- Topic-- “Modern Aspects of Shock” and a discussion
followed.
There are many cemeteries on the island—graves are marked by gravel mounds –.
An equivalent to our flowers as a token of remembrance is a grass skirt strung
up over the grave. The natives also wear their skirts while in mourning.
News via radio last night was encouraging.
The enlisted men are now starting to set up the nurse's tents adjacent to ours.
May 24th
A bad day yesterday after I wrote the last note. Developed extreme weakness,
general malaise, headache, and G.I. disturbance. Fever, and chilly sensations.
Must have swallowed a lot of bugs. Went to bed at 4 P.M.—got up at 11:30 A.M.
Day and I are now in our tent.
May 25th
Gradually getting well. I definitely had the tar knocked out of me. Was as weak
as a pup. A few of the other men are also feeling low.
Spent this AM and part of the PM fixing up our tent. We have thatched coconut
leaf rugs.
A coconut cluster missed me by about 10 Feet this AM. I expect that those above
my tent will start bombarding any day now.
Jack Kaiser paid a native boy to climb the tree adjacent to his tent to knock
the ripe coconuts off. There was a shower of about 20. The boy scrambled up the
tree like an acrobat.
May 28th
Was operated on yesterday morning—Thrombosed Hemorrhoid—. Hurt like holy blazes
when the local wore off. Was confined to bed—and bled like a stuck pig. Feel
better today.
At about 10 AM yesterday while laying in bed I heard some anti-aircraft firing
in the distance. I learned later that a Jap plane was sighted and they were
trying to bring it down. However, this morning I found that a New Zealand plane
was the target –a case of mistaken identity—and that the pilot was green when
he came down—The plane was a very slow, outmoded, reconnaissance plane.
Living conditions are very crude. The meals are becoming monotonous and I hope
there will be a change.
The nurses moved into their quarters adjacent to ours. Some are indignant since
the M.D.s don’t bother much with the group.
Day awoke last night and felt some claws on his hand which was laying against
the mosquito netting—was probably a rat.
We were all set for movies—furnished by the A.R.C last night but there was
insufficient electric power. Felt disappointed. But they returned later and it
worked—but I was asleep. Have not seen a movie in seven weeks.
May 30th
Nothing of any great significance has occurred in the past few days. Had been
confined to my tent for the most part. Have been rather uncomfortable.
Medical meeting last night—case presentation—-“Adenocarcinoma of the Rectum in
a 27-year-old Negro” and a discussion of War Wounds.
The Governor General of New Zealand and General Lockwood visited our area this
A.M.
The A.R.C. were around the other night and gave an amateur entertainment and
played popular records.
An airplane from our base went down in the sea the other day and the pilot was
lost.
Very cold last night—used three blankets.
There was a full moon last night—the setting was beautiful.
June 1st
We started arising before dawn 5:30 AM yesterday--so as to be alert in case of
an attack. This will continue for the duration. A sore spot for most of the
men.—I suppose its best to prevent a repetition of Pearl Harbor.
Has been windy -- 2 coconuts fell off the tree above us and rolled into the
tent yesterday.
Have been doing plenty of reading—short stories for the most part. I read in
bed by flashlight at night as there is nothing else to do.
My sanitation detail starts today. I hope I’ll like it.
Sherman was right.
Hope to be able to go swimming today.
June 2nd
Was on the Solace yesterday. They have a fine setup.
Rumor that a Jap Expeditionary Force is 89 miles away. We may expect trouble
any day if it is true.
My job as sanitation inspector is not bad. I have my Jeep and will be able to
see a lot of the island (Beaches).
June 3rd
Traveled 52 miles by Jeep yesterday. We first investigated an attempted
assault—one negro attempted to attack another with a knife. Probably insane.
The ride to the airport on the southeast end of the island is a long one—but we
saw many interesting things—grapefruit trees with fruit 8” in diameter, Guava
trees—the fruit from which are covered with a citrus like skin and the meat
tastes like pomegranate. Hibiscus flowers, and papaya trees. There are also
many flying foxes in that area—which are bats with a wide wingspread and hang
body down from the trees. They have a fur like covering and faces like foxes
when not flying.
An autopsy was performed yesterday on a soldier who was drowned in the
lagoon—our second causality of war. Hope it’s the last.
A native girl was attacked by two colored members of our force the other day
and was killed.
Probably had some ants (“rat flies”) in bed with last night—itched and
scratched a good deal of the night.
I saw the queen of the island, Salote, driving around in a small sedan which
she confiscated from a Jap at the onset of the war. There was about seven in
the car—and it reminded me of Sunday picnickers in the states.
A.R.C. showed “Woman of the Year” last night with K. Hepburn and Spencer
Tracey. Since I had seen it at while at Dix I did not stay long but went to bed
at eight and read by flashlight for ½ hour.
Am looking forward to a quick termination of the war. Hope that it will be over
by Christmas. According to radio reports of massive bombings of Cologne and
Essen it seems likely-- if they keep it up.
It's quite a task arising daily before sunrise. We have to dress and wear our
steel helmets and gas masks. Our clothes are very damp at this time of the day
because of the heavy night dew.
A native does my laundry and I pay 1 pound a month. No starch and I have seen
cleaner clothes—but it will have to do for awhile.
June 4th
Traveled about 60 miles today to the northwest end of the island and inspected
the 20th and 50th C.A. There are many flying foxes out that way. I bought a
kerosene lamp yesterday and hope to make good use of it. Candles burn too
quickly and flashlight batteries may become scarce.
We had a lesson on Tongan last night which lasted for about one hour. The fee
was a total of one dollar for the group (ten officers). They say that you can
learn the language in six months.
The island was originally discovered by the Dutch on 1616 and called Amsterdam
– A neighboring island was called Rotterdam. Capt. Cook landed many years later
and called them the Friendly Islands.
Read a New Zealand newspaper 3 weeks old (May 13th).
Rex Finnegan and I went swimming at the blowholes yesterday. There are many
different fish in small pools. We also saw a water snake which we tried to
catch but were unsuccessful.
The sanitary conditions on the island are very poor and we are going to try to
clean up. It seems that the natives have developed immunities to many diseases
which are apt to prove serious for our force. They are content going along as
they always have and it has been found that they promise to reform but readily
dispose of the idea. There was considerable hookworm on the island 30 yrs.
ago-- but Dr Lambert (“A Yankee Doctor in Paradise”) introduced a privy named
after him which had cut the incidence considerably.
The native drink is Kava--nonalcoholic—which the natives make from a root which
they pound-- add water to it—then dip a rag into it—and then squeeze the juice
into a container. They used to make it by chewing on the root and spitting it
into a container for the consumption of others but this practice was stopped
because “Tb” was spread in this fashion. There is a high incidence of “Tb”, and
typhoid on the island. There is no syphilis but a moderate amount of G.C. I
have seen only one saddle sore and no other stigmata of yaws* and have yet to
see any Elephantiasis altho there is supposed to be some on the island
(*We discovered later to our
dismay that our camp is in an endemic area. Some of the men contracted it.)
June 5th
Has been raining torrents all day. On arising before dawn today our clothes
were all wet. The bed felt damp and sticky. We started off on our detail and
took specimens of water from three wells for examination.
We are really getting a good dose of tropical rain. Reminds me of Sadie
Thompson.
We organized an officer's club last night and are going to build a thatched hut
near our camp area. Altho liquor is prohibited we probably will have some good
times there—as a meeting place.
The nurses have more or less been a thorn in the side of the unit. It has been
very difficult to please a few—especially the chief nurse. I believe that most
of them thought they were going on a picnic. On the whole I believe that they
are an inferior group of nurses and none of the medical men bother with them.
They are the only white women on the island—so the infantry, navy etc call upon
them frequently. There is some debate as to permit them to join our club but I
think that to bind the group more solidly their membership will be passed.
Arising before dawn reminds me of general quarters at dawn aboard ship during
our trip here. At that time and at sunset all guns were manned at dawn and
sunset visibility is greatest. There was a grand scramble for the guns after a
whistle sounded. If you happened to be in their way, sleeping on deck you’d
have all you could not to be trampled to death.
June 6th
It rained all day yesterday and last night and the mud is deep.
Medical meeting last night—. Burns was discussed after a paper was given by
Localio. Dr. Steadman discussed the topic in relation to his experiences on the
Solace at Pearl Harbor. He said flash burns predominated enveloping the body
and that those who were most fully clothed fared the best. Those who wore
shorts had enveloping burns of the body except for the midriff and he
emphasized the importance of full apparel at all times.
Tagging those who had received M.S. so as to prevent repeating the dose and
knowledge of the use of the plasma "set up" was also urged. He stated
that many walked aboard ship and died another 2 hrs. Localio emphasized the
importance of preventing shock, sepsis, and scarring.
June 7th
Visited the premier's office yesterday—. He was not in but
his secretary attended to our business which was to arrange with a contractor
for the construction of our Officers Club. We had a chat. It seems that at one
time the natives had an alcoholic brew—which they made from oranges, raisins,
etc. This was very potent—and was called “one and torrent” because of its
potent effect. It was banned because it caused many deaths.
On our way back we dropped in to see Manasi at his home—to have a letter
translated. He is a native governmental water inspector and speaks pidgin
English. He asked us if we wanted a banana and when we accepted his offer he
gave us a bunch. His daughter translated the letter very shyly. Their home
consists of two thatched huts in a clearing about 50 feet back from the road.
They have a horse, chickens and pigs, but as usual no furniture.
I received my first mail yesterday. –from Eula and Margaret and Father
Madden—Was glad to hear some news from home. I wrote some letters in return. I
hope that mail will come in regularly.
We had our second Tongan lesson last night. It does not appear to be too
difficult. An hour sitting on the ground becomes pretty uncomfortable.
June 8th, 1942
--Yesterday was a quiet Sunday—Heard last night that the attack on Midway
resulted in a great navel victory for the allies and that the war is past the
half way mark.—I hope!!
We had to walk down to the church well for a water specimen—as our gas is low
and is being rationed. No more long trips for a while I guess.
I also understand that an American convoy has reached India. I hope all this
good news continues.
It gets dark here shortly after six—There is a 15 hr. difference between here
and New York—. I suppose with daily saving and war time that it gets dark at
about 10 P.M. there.
We learned last night that we will have to dig fox holes beside our tent to
jump into for protection in case we are raided. Blackout will start June 13th .
All movies have been canceled (and other R.C. activities) due to shortness of
gas).
The pastor at the church here is a Frenchman, about 30, who lives by himself.
He appears tuberculous and has a dry persistent cough. He leads a lonely life.
The PX truck was here a short while ago so I bought some washing soap, hard
soap for ocean bathing, writing paper, flashlight batteries, candy, and
crackers.
Admiral Byrd is supposed to visit us today.
The natives are going to build us an officers club—and in return we are going
to give them a picnic with beef. It has been decided after much controversy to
permit the nurses the privileges of the club. I think a more exclusive one will
built shortly thereafter.
Most of the men are itching for the war to be over and to be at home. After
dark there is not a thing to do—except to chat and go to bed early. A lot of
steam will be let off when we get back to the states.
June 9th
—Yesterday was a quiet day—Inspected sanitary conditions of natives in vicinity
of our bivouac. Not so good! Went swimming yesterday afternoon.
Last night I learned that the Japanese were on the way to get our convoy and
were intercepted by our navy—-resulting in the battle of the Coral Sea.
A coconut fell on the tent last night—sounding like a bomb. I thought that the
time had come.
The natives of Houma turned out this morning bearing gifts, woven carpets,
beads, woven bags, chickens, a duck, bananas, oranges and other things, as a
sign of their friendship. They put on Hula Hula dances with grass skirts, and
sang. We reciprocated with cigarettes and candy and sang and some danced. We
all enjoyed it.
June 10th
Another group of natives arrived yesterday at noon—bearing tapa cloths, beads,
coconuts, many stalks of bananas, breadfruit, crabs, and chickens as gifts. We
reciprocated as in the morning with candy, crackers, and cigarettes. They made
Kava, going thru a ceremony while doing so and passing it out. It does not
appear very enticing. They then followed that by natives dancing and singing.
It was a very fine demonstration of the goodwill of the people. The chief of
the island was present.
There were about 40 stalks of bananas so I took a stalk as did others, for my
tent.
After the ceremonies, one of our soldiers was struck in the head by a coconut.
Luckily he has his pith helmet on and was not injured seriously.
Jim Jones and I went to stake our grounds for an officers club—-However we
found a more suitable site and staked that off intending to use it rather than
the original. We cut down some young Guava trees to make steamer chairs—but
decided that we'd let a native Beni make some cane chairs for us.
Tongan lesson last night—Getting down to sentences now.
June 12th
For the last few days here done very little of interest except to help
supervise with Jim the construction of the officer's club. The natives have
made considerable progress in the past two days and the thatched roof and walls
of woven coconut leaves have yet to be done. It is a big job and since it is
against the law for them to accept money for construction just now since
government buildings have priorities we bought for them 158 lbs of beef to
evade the issue. However we are afraid that all work will stop as soon as they
consume the meat. They cook in deep pits using coconut leaves as fuel and wrap
their meat breadfruit leaves and roast it. They also roast large yams some of
which are 2 feet long and 6-8 inches in width. The end product of both of these
is not very attractive but relished highly by the natives.
Jim is as great one for getting work out of them. But the last straw
which resulted in rebellion was when he asked them to construct a “parquet”
floor out of coconut trees. The major Hokafamma objected. However we will have
to plan some sort of flooring.
They offered us some Tongan Kava yesterday but we refused.
We were supposed to have a Tongan lesson last night but inasmuch as we
had a movie scheduled—it was called off. The natives have peculiar names e.g.
Motoka—named after the first automobile—on the island—and Manwar—after a
battleship. They usually have one name.
June 13th
Went to Nuku'alofa yesterday afternoon in the truck—making three or four stops
on the way. Picked a water spec on the way and dispatched it to the Solace.
We visited the PX—and bought a few odds and ends. —but never again as I had to
wait 1 1/2 hours before service.
Had a rough trip back on a load of lumber in the rear of the truck.
Medical meeting last night followed by a movie “Carefree” with Fred Astaire and
Ginger Rogers. The first movie in 2 months.
We had a real downpour this morning—and it is still raining. Sorry that I put
on fresh clothes this A.M as my trouser legs are all wet.
We have to carry our gas mask and helmets when we leave the area now. Feel
foolish—but perhaps the safest policy.
Complete blackouts starts tonight.
June 14th
--Rained all day yesterday—mud is thick and deep—. Hard to keep anything clean.
Half the roof of the club has been completed—coconut leaves.
Wrote three letters yesterday—to the family, Frank and Nancy, and Aunt Marge
and Uncle Jim. Bull session last night—to bed at about nine.
June 15th
Attended 2 services yesterday--mass at 10 AM and general services at 11 AM.
Was asked to set up another medical tent in the morning—but took some time to
get started—as a tent was assigned which had two large trees growing in it—and
the tent was slit in two places to accommodate them. Also had trouble w/ Capt
Horn in regards to supplies but it was straightened out—finally got the place
cleaned and leveled and set up 20 cots with the aid of 6 enlisted men.
Saw a native yesterday whose foot was bitten off by a shark.
Father Tremblue--a Bostonian Catholic missionary to Haalai a hundred miles
away—visited us last night and recounted some of the history and habits of the
Tongans.
Tongatapu—means forbidden south—in as much as it is impossible to land on the
south coast due to the rugged coral reefs. Tonga—south.
A native boy when he is 18 receives 18 acres of land in the bush and 1/18 acre
in town. A state of socialism exists so that they have to pay for very little.
Medical attention, education, etc are all free but they pay about 9 L a year as
tax.
At the wedding many gifts are brought, tapa clothes, mats, etc.--but the bride
and groom receive nothing but the mats they sit on. All the gifts go to the
relatives of the bride and groom. The bride is examined on the night of the
wedding to determine whether or not she is a virgin. If she is the father is
given an additional feast for preserving her virginity—but there have been very
few feasts according to the Padre. If two of their women are in love with the
same man they try to bite off each others nose so that they will lose their
attractiveness. The Padre states that the natives are very affable and kind—but
they have to be watched as they are perfect actors and may lie and resort to
thievery and maintain their innocence.
They also have a peculiar since of humor and do not think what we believe is
humorous to be so—but they get a big kick out of hearing that a person has
fallen from a coconut tree and broken his neck.
Obstetrics is in the hands of midwives and the mortality is becoming lower. The
women are held in high respect and do no heavy work in the land--and work
particularly lightly after bearing children until the child is developed. Some
nurse their young for about 2 years which accounts for the irregularities in
conception. Adultery and fornication used to be punishable by death.
The furnishings of each house consists mainly of mats and tapa cloths. They sit
on the floor with legs crossed and have other mats which they use as a
beds—using a block as a pillow. They wrap themselves up in tapa cloth which is
supposed to be very warm—even covering their head.
They bury their dead in sand—which accounts for many of the graveyards being
located close to the sea. The bodies are enclosed in tapa and then mats and
sand is dumped in by basketful by the natives--.The ceremony is carried on with
considerable wailing. Fine gravel and sand is mounded in squares on the grave.
No flowers are allowed to grow on the grave as they believe that if the root
should grow down and touch some particular part of the corpse some member of
the family will be afflicted with some illness in that area. They are very
superstitious. There is a story of a woman who complained of seeing a native
boy about 19 walking about her place after death and burial . She had seen this
several times—so the natives dug up the corpse and shot it three times with a
shot gun and reburied it. This ended the episodes.
Smoking in the area of a graveyard is supposed to incur the anger of
people buried there. The Taw—lala—is a mat worn and tied around the waist which
is supposed to be a sign of respect in the presence of a chief—or is used by
men in mourning. The women in mourning let their hair hang loose.
Their names translated into English sound very strange and
disrespectful—e.g.--Old Pig, Hen Manure, Rotten Banana—but they don't think
anything of it unless these appellations are used when the person has the
another name.
On the night of the wedding ceremony afinimatus (married women) go home with
the married couple—sleep in their hut—which is divided in two for the night by
Tapa cloths—and after the act look for blood stains on the white sheet which
they have placed on the marital bed to determine whether virginity existed.
The sarong woven by the natives is called Lala.
The Kava ceremony is the center of a social gathering. Kava- nonalcoholic has a
numbing effect from the hips down—and causes a tingling in the fingers. It is
very refreshing and does not cause one to perspire. It is impolite to refuse.
In as much as it is disgusting to see it made up and served I am afraid that
have been rude. There are no intoxicating beverages on the island.
The people are supposed to be very clean—but I have failed to concur with this.
It is a grave insult to say that one went to bed without taking a bath.
The Wesleyans made it a law about 100 years ago that both the upper and lower
parts of the body have to be covered—in contrast to Samoa where women are
uncovered from the waist up. To disregard this rule means a fine or
imprisonment. The natives have considerable pediculus capites. Mothers while
fishing with nets out of the children's hair crack them with their teeth, eat
them more or less in revenge for biting their children. In Samoa males are
forbidden to wear anything above the waist.
Tonga is noted for its tapa. Hopai- (the same word as Hawaii and Java-igi
(small Java)] is noted for its finely woven mats. The padre has been there for
20 years.
Houma-where we are-is noted for its rats.
The natives have no tables and eat off coconut leaves and make cups out of
banana leaves. They have two meals a day--one at about 9 AM which is hot—the
men doing the cooking. What remains they hang away from the pigs which are
abundant and eat it cold later in the day--as they are too lazy to cook a
second time. Dish-washing is the pigs' task.
Friends relatives, children are spectators at deliveries.
The padre states that there has been only one murder in 50 years--the culprit
was hanged. It would be impossible to commit murder and dispose of the body as
everybody knows everyone else's business.
The natives eat the entrails of pigs--eating one end while the other is
cooking--like spaghetti.
June 16th
Worked at the ward yesterday to put it in functioning order. Went to the
Novena last night and then to a movie and saw “Meet Dr. Christian” with Jean
Hersholt. The officers club is about completed except for cleaning up and
making a garden. That's all.
June 18th
Visited the Methodist College (Tupou College) in Nukalofa yesterday afternoon
with the intention of buying some native products. The children were having
their field day races, sack races, coconut husk peeling (six in approx three minutes)
--coconut tree climbing (50 ft—ascent and descent in 15 seconds). They looked
just like acrobats on the ladder events--. In the descent, they could come down
faster only by throwing themselves clear of the tree. Was surprised that they
were not injured.
Girls were very adept at juggling five guava at one time. There were many
things on display—Tapa Cloths, native combs, grass skirts, woven masks, Kava
cups, odd shells; However, they did not want to sell most of their goods and
the least I could do was to buy two grass skirts. I believe that most will be
sold to the natives to sell at a higher price in town.
The natives are money conscious now and try to charge exorbitant prices. I
enjoyed the afternoon however-. Our means of conveyance was a truck.
Beer is now being distributed--a case of 24 per officer per week The alcoholic
content is 3.2% Mac and I had a few boilmakers last night but the kick was
small. We finished my supply of liquor--it takes much longer than I thought it
would. I have found I have practically no real desire for it.
Spent some time at the officer’s club this morning. It is
almost fully completed. We now have 6 natives working on it --at 85c per man a
day. The "foreman" is a TMP (Tongan Medical Professional) who studied
at Sura at Rockefeller Medical Institute in Fiji. They study for three years
and return to work amongst the natives and are said to do good work. There are
9 on the island. We expect to have Johnny as our bartender and caretaker. Many
of the male natives are called Jonny and David
The natives work very leisurely, and if one is spoken to,
all work stops and they listen. They all do one job at a time and finish that
before they can get organized to do another. They waste a great deal of time
and one has to keep prodding them.
They like American cigarettes and approach like vagrants in
New York and ask for them. Many of my cigarettes have gone this way.
We have a chair in our tent now, with a straw seat as seen
in cream parlors in the states. I have ordered a canvas back chair. There is
nothing like comfort!
The other day Jim and I visited the club. The natives
working the outside grounds told us to look at the interior, which we proceeded
to do with me in the lead and my head bent to avoid tripping. When I was about
two feet from the doorway, they started and I stopped instantly. Hanging on a
string on from the middle of the doorway were two rats that the natives had
killed. They got a good belly laugh out of the whole scene. I had to laugh
myself and was glad they stopped me in time, even though I was the butt of
their joke.
June 19th, 1942
Not much new. Went swimming yesterday. Learned last night that Major Adams,
Chief Engineer, was drowned in the afternoon while fishing near the airport.
Struck unexpectedly by a big wave, probably hit his head against the coral. As
yet his body has not been found. He was aboard the Barnett. A wife and five
children are left.
Saw "Laddie “, a movie, last night.
June 21st
Has been raining almost continuously for the past two days—and daily for weeks.
We are in the rainy season—and I have never seen so much. It is almost
impossible to keep our tent free of mud. It is useless to put on fresh clothes
as they "look like the devil" in an hour.
We had our “backyard” lengthened about 12 feet—supposed to be 15ft but David
was ordered to stop at 12 ft for the two shillings I promised. Liksae, “the
nobleman”, has been stirring up trouble with our workmen--telling them that we
have been underpaid and they are laying down on the job.
Beer is now available—a case per week for each officer for two
dollars. I got a case yesterday. Went to town yesterday morning
and picked up 10 benches for the hospital and officers club.
Played cribbage last night with Jim—had a few beers, argued with Elias about
Socialized Medicine, and went to bed. A lively Saturday night.
Have to have my ward in spic and span condition for Major General
Richardson tomorrow.
A coconut missed me by 5 feet yesterday.
Hope to get some mail in a few days. Wish I were not on the island now. What a
life!!! Rats, bugs, ants, rain, mud, poor food, no conveniences whatsoever,
diversion is practically nil. But C'est la guerre. I believe that
all of us will be much more tolerant when we get back because this is really
low, but I suppose things could be worse.
Radio accounts do not appear quite as favorable now.
A rumor was passed around during the week that Italy had revolted
and martial order was declared--but this had not been substantiated and I'm
sure is untrue. The end would seem much nearer if it were.
June 23rd
Rain and mud. There has been practically no let up. Have not done much except
to get the ward in condition. It's probably the best of the hospital now. Also
attended to a few things at the officers’ club. I saw Johnny last night—his arm
is still weeping. I'm having an X-ray taken to see if there are any calcified
parasites. He gave me a pineapple. Went to the Novena last night and then to a
movie "Five Came Back" which I had seen about 4 years ago. Went
swimming in the afternoon. Some nurses came along and caught a lot of the men
short.
Heard that mail won’t be in for two or three weeks.
June 24th Found 7 Patients in my ward this morning—one was medical. Felt rather
disappointed as I was hoping to have a pure medical ward—in as much as I took
considerable interest in getting it in shape. In all fairness, it should be
strictly medical—but they say there are two ways to do things—the right way and
the army way. Pretty disgusted as to how things are run in general. If this war
were run as efficiently as affairs in civil life we'd feel much more encouraged
about its duration. Too many clam diggers have too much to say.
Asked McKelvey this morning— if I could handle ward in addition to O.P.D. the
other day. Will request him now to leave the plans as they were.
Saw an elderly Tongan—70 years old—in the bush this morning—a relative of
Papua—who has a large indolent ulcer of his right lower leg and ankle in all
probability on a sclerotic basis. Advised rest, elevation, soaks and strapping.
Will see again in another week.
Attended another Tongan lesson last night. Attendance has been cut down
markedly. The Colonel, Majors Ackaly and Kidder, and myself attended.
Went swimming yesterday and enjoyed myself. Major Adams body has not been found
and doubt that it ever will be.
The Major General failed to show up—probably due to the inclement weather.
Wrote a letter to Margaret yesterday. It must be nice on the Island now—and I
wish I were home. Pretty well fed up with everything.
There are rumors that we might go on to Australia. Would appreciate the change.
Radio reports from Japan that Tonga Tabu was raided and bomb and Nukalofa laid
in ruins. One bomb could do that. The New Zealanders (Col McLeod) say that the
hospital would be the most likely place to be bombed as everything is in the
open—uncamouflaged. Somebody is wrong—and I hope it isn't us. I believe that if
a chance for transfer came up, I'd grab it.
June 25th Went to town this morning via truck and picked up coral from the
shore and also 12 chairs for the officers club. The coral is to be used in
soakage pits. Took a walk to the blowholes last night—it began to rain—but this
did not deter the swimmers on the beach—nurses and probably the infantry. In
the past few days the natives have been pounding away at their tapa, which is
made from the bark of the Tutu tree which is pounded with a rolling pin
like hammer--on part of the circumference of the tree. It spreads out many
times its original width--and lacquered. The tapa cloths are used for blankets,
table cloths, etc.
We had fresh meat and potatoes for the first time on the island. The meat was
roast beef with gravy and although we did not have much it was equivalent to a
feast. Our values certainly have changed.
I understand dog meat is part of the native's diet.
I learned last night I am to present a case tomorrow night at the medical
meeting.
The working men have walked out on as they did not like to be told what to do.
The enlisted men will probably have to finish the club.
The queen was supposed to open parliament today—but it was called off—probably
because she is shy and does not like to appear in public. Some of the men were
disappointed as they were set on seeing the ceremony.
June 27th
The rain has let up. We went out into the sanitation detail and spent the
morning in the Jeep.
Went swimming yesterday and the water was fine. Presented a case of Tertian
Malaria last night at the officer's club which will be opened to the members
soon.
I am going to try to get a native girl to do our laundry and keep our tent
tidy.
I obtained a large soup can for foodstuffs which is hanging
in the rear of the tent. It’s impossible to keep the ants and rats away
otherwise. The place is alive with both.
Was OD the other night and administered 5 cases—infected mosquito bites,
pneumonia, 2 food poisoning and open tonsillar abscess. Had to get up at 1 AM.
Frequently think of what the folks are doing back home. It is about 8 AM now
and 3PM in the afternoon up in New York. The family is
probably down at the beach for the summer. The slackers back at
the hospital took a beating this morning--Tammy, Been, etc.
June 28th
Took the worst drubbing in my life in the Jeep yesterday. Rode around all
morning through mud and bumpy roads. The jeep was swinging and swaying,
skidding and slithering like a snake.
Another aviator went down yesterday morning at about 8:15. Mac saw him
twirling; nose down, almost 2 miles away. He apparently straightened out but
too late as he flew into coconut trees. I examined the head--3/4 of the top was
knocked off. He was 23.
Arranged the furniture in the club yesterday and last night.
Beautiful night last night—full moon, star speckled sky, coconut tree, and
quietude. A great night for the infantry.
June 29th
Rained quite a bit late yesterday afternoon (Sunday) and the roads were still
in a bad state this morning
Have a chance to see many beautiful scenes while making rounds in the Jeep. The
island is certainly very beautiful and I wish I could snap some photos--but
regulations forbid. Had a bull session with Father Lynch last night--which
lasted 3 hours from 6-9 PM. We discussed many things and aired our views.
Learned that an unidentified plane flew over last night--but was not fired upon
so as not to attract return fire.
All diaries are to be destroyed if an emergency occurs so as not to give
information to the enemy. I hope that all my efforts in this direction will not
be in vain. About thirty native women are working on our clubhouse floor today.
It will open this week. I went to SOS (Service of Supplies) to obtain a
refrigerator that belonged to Major Adams but was unable to take it back in the
Jeep, as it is too big. Also inquired about some wire at the Naval supply for
our electric lights at the club. Mail has not arrived yet. I hope to get some
soon.
Parliament opened today and the ceremony is taking place at the Tupou Methodist
College. I could have gone--but thought it best to attend to sanitation rounds.
Several of the officers went. I’ll hear what they have to say when they get
back. I hired a woman to do my laundry and keep my tent for about $1.10 a week.
Never did care for housework.
June 30th
They say that the opening of parliament was worth seeing but lasted about 10
minutes. Last night saw “Love Affair” with Irene Dunn and Charles Boyer. I had
seen it 3-4 years ago. However, I enjoyed it probably more than the first time.
Saw some nice tortoiseshell ware this morning. Hope to be able to buy some to
bring back with me.
The British, Chinese, and Russians don’t seem to be doing very well these days.
July 1st
Took a trip to the Horn of the Island (Manuba) and the airport yesterday. Start
on O.P.D. and medical ward today. Last night watched Tek, a native, make a
bracelet out of tortoise shells. Expect to have some made.
We have learned that some of us may go out in the field---to permit the medicos
to use the field to get up with their medicine. There is blanket objection
amongst the 7th Evac.
Went swimming yesterday about a mile from the blowhole--a nice sandy beach--but
the water is very shallow.
No mail yet!
July 2nd
Another plane crashed yesterday over the ocean. The pilot bailed out but has
not been found.
Made medical rounds this A.M.--very dull.
Officers club almost finished. Had to go to Nukuloofa this afternoon to get
some wood for a dance floor. Gross lack of interest on the part of most of the
officers. James and I had been the only ones who have done any real work on it.
The committee is practically non-existent. I find that the officers do not like
to take any responsibility or to do any more than they have to.
No mail yet--making it a month since we received our last batch. Expect a lot
this time.
Have a native woman who fixes up our tent now.
July 3rd
Put over a big deal with the OMM--Capt. Gilliman. Got enough lumber to floor
our living room in the club. Truck was bogged down knee
high in the mud yesterday. Saw a movie last night--a
detective thriller.
July 4th--Far from home--and no firecrackers. We’re in for a quiet 4th.
The officers’ club opens tonight and we are going to have the 147th Inf.
orchestra there. The club looks nice. I spent last night there, listening to
records and bought a couple of cans of beer that were cooled in our
refrigerator. I believe that the club will be a success but I‘m finished
working on it.
The morale is pretty low in the outfit. There is a lot of discussion as to how
it is run and the Lt. Cols as well as the Col. have been taking a verbal
beating. Things are run slipshod with no organization. A lot could be done to
improve the morale.
No mail yet. The last mail I received was dated April 29th. Over 2 months
without word from home.
The airport was on the alert the other night when the unidentified plane flew
over and they were all set to go up. Its seems that the pilots are being turned
out without sufficient training. Up in Samoa they started with 45 pilots and
have 20 left--the others killed through accidental causes. I hope that Ed does
not pass--and is retained on the ground. The glamour passes off when faced with
reality. The pilot who bailed out the other day has not been found--neither has
the plane.
Had fresh eggs this morning--the first in 2 mo.--since leaving the ship.
July 5th--Had a nice day yesterday. In the afternoon I
attended a “feast” given in honor of the birthday of the mayor’s grandson who
is 5 years old. I gave him a can of salted peanuts as a gift. The mayor of
Houma--Hoka received. A lei of flowers was placed around each of our necks and
there was native hula dancing by the mayor’s daughter Lissell. We then went
into the feast--arranged as seen in the movies. All of the food was spread out
on banana leaves. There were yams, roast chickens, roast pig, coconuts, and
fruit salad. The chickens were cooked with their heads. Although the spread was
nice, I had many inhibitions and just ate some yams and fruit salad. A girl of
about six had a hula and “monkey face” dance. She was really marvelous. It was
surprising and enjoyable to see her gracefully move her hands. We had coconut
and papaya juice to drink and sat on the floor legs crossed.
Last night had a party at the club. It was a big success. We had a large
tarpaulin spread across the ground to dance on. The beer flowed freely--and
many felt it after 5-6 cans--probably due to lessened tolerance. There were
some there who had more than beer, I’m sure. I had a few dances-with Margaret
Benoit, Freda Patterson, and Kay Smith. The party broke at about 11 O’clock.
The pilot who was lost the other day drew a hand for a two dollar bill, and won
the night before he bailed out (2 dollar bills are supposed to be unlucky).
We have to carry our gas masks and helmets to from the hospital area now.
Something may be in the air
I’m O.D. today. I hope it’s quiet.
July 6th—Quiet day—yesterday. Swam and basked yesterday afternoon—and spent the
evening at the officers listening to the Victrola. No O.D. calls.
July 7th—Helped Jim stake out an area for the non-commissioned officers
clubhouse. Went to see Hokafoma the mayor of Houma with Jim to determine who is
to construct the building. The government set a price of 15 L---about $50.
Spent the evening at the club. Inspection this morning by General Lockwood and
the Governor General of Fiji.
The inspecting party passed right by my tent—sans inspection. I managed to get
two letters off today—one to Frank and Nancy and one to Ed. Spent the afternoon
reading at the club as I was OD ing for Jim who went to a feast.
Checked up on a dozen soldiers who had received lot #368 of Yellow Fever for
their immunization dose. It was found to be “impure” and several of our men
have come down with catarrhal jaundice. There are 6 in the hospital now. It was
prepared at the Rockefeller Institute and is a serious mistake. One has
developed a pulmonary complication.
The weather is beautiful now—mild--with blue skies, fluffy
clouds.
July 9th—Am preparing another medical ward and expect to have it ready for
patients tomorrow. Things were all messed up as usual in army affairs. It seems
that everyone except me knew about a new ward until 4:30 PM yesterday. when the
supplies were all ready to be shipped to it. Many annoying things occur which
could be avoided through better judgment farther up.
I learned that I am also to treat Yaws—several cases have been picked up by
Kahn test. I picked up a case of Hepatitis today—one who had received Yellow
Fever #368.
Saw “Lucky Partners” with Ginger Rogers and Ronald Coleman last night. It
rained very hard but most stuck about although dripping wet. I expect that
there will be another movie tonight.
Have been reports that signals are passed at night by Tapa tappings which are
heard all day. Some one may have insomnia and utilizing his time. However, it
is being investigated.
No mail yet!
Have a boy at the ward who fell asleep while a guard at the watch tower—he has
been a prisoner since May 27th and will probably get a year and dishonorable
discharge.
Apparently things are very quiet here in the Southwest Pacific—but I guess you
can't tell when things will break.
July 10th—My ward is now working. I have four patients—who came in today.
Worked them up in addition to two consultations. Been working harder the past
few days. Was a bit peeved because they send patients before we were fully set
up. They seem to leave things the last minute without foresight. Our supplies
are scant –and it would be impossible to have satisfactory setup for 750 pts
for which our unit is designed.
Am all set to treat the Tongans.
The rumor that the Queen Mary was torpedoed is false—as proved by a soldier
here who took the trip in it to Australia around Cape Town.
Have a hunch that ships conveying our mail may have been sunk—since it has been
such a long time since our last mail.
July 11th—Worked up several cases to-day. Most are U.R.I. And Enterocolitis and
on toxic neuritis and acute catarrhal jaundice. Took a swim and bath this
afternoon. The hard soap makes the hair feel thick and full.
The novelty has worn off and although everything is quite different from the
states—people, dress, thatched huts, scenery—no note is taken of them now. The
only striking thing that draws the attention is the peculiar scent common to
all the natives—as they rub coconut all in their skin and hair. They are very
proud of their hair—and dislike to have it disturbed. They use a yellowish clay
when washing it. Spent some time this morning burning brush about 20 ft behind
my tent. Want to get rid of it as it is a great nesting place for rats.
The days are cooler than they had been, but mild. However, it is comfortable
with a field jacket.
Wrote to the family and Margaret today. No mail yet but expect that it will
arrive the first part of next week.
We would all be happier if we did not have to get up at dawn daily. The
carrying of gas masks and helmets has become irksome but has to be done. Sunset
fall early here—at about 5:05 since we are in the middle of winter.
July 12th—Sunday--Went to mass—after making rounds and working up a patient.
Nothing much doing. Had some fun with Alley and Saypol at Dinner. We find that
we have several mutual acquaintances. Alley said he knew a girl from Long
Beach—whose father was a realtor—and could not recall her name. However—he said
she had buck teeth—and I immediately said Jean W.—and it was correct. We had a
good laugh over the meagerness but accuracy of the description. He also knows
Chris Mitchell who was a patient at P G.
Some rumors about messages being sent out to submarines via tapa tappings. Seem
far fetched but may be so. Communication wires have been snipped suggesting 5th
column activity. The natives send messages all over the island via tapping.
July 13th—Have 17 patients now—3 more for a full ward.
Last night at about four o'clock I awoke and found something running up my arm.
I hastily shook it off—but realized that it was still within my mosquito
netting. I jumped out—put on my flashlight and rummaged around—whatever it was
disappeared—a rat or lizard.
I found a rent in my netting where I had burnt it—but repaired about 2 mos.
ago. Just sewed it up. An unpleasant experience.
No mail yet. Am looking forward to it. Probably will be in a day or so—I hope.
July 14th—Have a pretty full ward but nothing of any great importance—but get a
kick out of running it. Had O.P.D. This morning. Saw about 20. Rumor that the
ship that was carrying our mail broke down and had to go back to Honolulu.
Somebody took possession of my pillow. Still sleeping on blankets altho I could
have a mattress—but I'm used to it so won't bother.
Saw a 4th rate picture last night ”Conspiracy”. One of the worst I've seen.
Played football at the club yesterday afternoon: out of condition: was puffing
like a steam engine in a short time. Not so stiff as I thought I'd be today.
July 15th
Heard that mail ship came in and that they are censoring—i.e. spot censoring it
so it will probably be a few days before we get it.
We had permanent election of officers last night at the club—Major Jones is
President. Rosemary Byrne as a representative of the nurses—Vice President.
Captain Saypol Secretary-Treasurer, Feldman, Van Notta, Pearce and
myself—committeemen. Ruth Adkins, Grace Well—Sally Bladen are representing the
nurses in the committee.
Wrote a letter to Mary Nelson yesterday. It will probably travel ¾ around the
world before she gets
“Of Human Bondage” is a fine book and probably the best I've read. I recommend
it highly.
Off to make my morning rounds.
July 17th
Mail arrived the night of July 15th and received more last night—14 letters in
all. Heard from Pop, Eula, Rose, Margaret, Rose and Edgar, Aunt Marge and Uncle
Jim. Am glad to hear that everything at home is satisfactory. Hate the thought
of Ed's success at Maxwell Field as I have been particularly conscious of the
hazards of flying since here—as three pilots out of 25 have met their death
through accidents. Too bad about Jerry being called. The family believes
according to Rose that I am in Australia—as Aunt Marge says she identifies me
from a newspaper photo. I wrote 5 letters yesterday afternoon—to Pop, Eula,
Margaret, Rose and Aunt Marge and Uncle Jim.
I was elected Chairman of the House committee and will probably have plenty of
headaches—but it will be fun too, I guess.
Saw “A Great Man Votes” last night and then played some bridge at the club.
Rose sent some photos taken I believe in late April. Was glad to receive them.
Aunt Marge and Uncle Jim and me too.
July 18th—It has been raining in downpours for the first day—and things are
pretty messy—mud, dampness. Just came in and soaked up to my knees. Tropical
rain!!
Not much new in past day. Played Gin Rummy with Jones last night.
Wrote to Ed yesterday and hope my mail makes the 1st ship out.
July 19th—Miserable night—practically a hurricane. Wind and rain in torrents
all night—impossible to sleep. Thought frequently that the tent was going in
one piece. Foot of bed got soaking wet—bugs for some reason or other were
biting more than usual. Wind howled all night. Coconuts and branches fell. This
morning rain stopped—coconuts and branches —mud and water all over--banana
trees blown down, coconuts and coconut leaves scattered all over. One
nurse and an enlisted man's pyramidal tent blown down—but mighty glad that it
is all over...mud and dampness persist.
The enlisted men of the 77th CA were ordered out of the hospital yesterday.
They are moving off the island to we don’t know where. Many ships—about 15
including the Wasp—are supposed to be in the harbor. Get homesick frequently.
Hope they make a good mechanic out of Ed. Hate the thought of his flying.
Donated $20 to the beer fund yesterday. Hope to get it back later. Starting to
get things in shape for the party—next Saturday—tea in the afternoon and beer
at night. Inviting the Queen and Tongan nobility to the tea in addition to
Army, Navy, Officers and Europeans.
Seems that this is going to be a long war—rather discouraging. Hope that things
will not be changed after the war.
Spent last night at the club—drank beer—played solitaire—came home and read.
Have not heard from Frank yet!
July 20th
Gave Alley another haircut—I really got myself in for something . He insists I
do the job–and although I have no particular liking for it, feel that don’t
want to have him feel that I don’t want to do it. He likes my haircuts better
than the barbers. Hidden Talent? The only way to change his opinion is to
buttonhook his scalp a few times. I feel that wouldn't be cricket.
The officers from the Wasp visited us yesterday. They were supposed to have
been in the Mediterranean a couple of weeks ago—but the report was published
several weeks after she actually had been that to confuse the Axis—she had
already started from the states for this destination when it was released. She
delivered planes to the British at Alexandra and has touched on many British
ports. The officers' opinion of the British is low and they believe the Navy is
much inferior and is really a World War I fleet consisting of large
battleships--almost solely with few aircraft carriers. They believe the aircraft
carriers will win the war.
The 77th C.A. are leaving –probably for the front—and there are rumors that we
may leave. The building of the hospital has been off the priority list which is
a surprise to me. I hope that we will be sent up to the front if the war
continues. Have seen enough of Tonga Tabu. Played Gin Rummy last night with
Jones—won 2 out of 3. Say in one
July 21st
Spent yesterday afternoon at the club—reading Life, Time and News Weekly. Was
interrupted by 10 Naval officers visiting the club—and they all had a beer.
Went to a movie after supper and saw Lupa Velez in “Mexican Spitfire.” The
performance was interrupted and Major Kidder made an announcement that a call
came from the Whitney informing us that a Typhoon was on its way with a 100
mile per hour wind. We are advised to quickly secure our tents and our
possessions. I returned after the show to my tent—drove in ½ dozen more stakes,
placed odds and ends in my trunk, and secured everything I could. We were
informed that they expected ½ of our tents to be blown down. I went to the club
and had a few beers—and then came back and went to bed. A detail of men came
around and drove a few pegs in deeper. I fell asleep and slept like a log,
although I awoke once and heard it raining on my tent---and thought that it
would not be long before we got the full impact but promptly fell asleep again.
This morning everything was calm in awakening—and now the sun is shining
brightly with large billowy white clouds in the sky. Everyone seems tired—as many
were kept up during the night. Nothing has been unpacked yet as the threat
still persists—no laboratory work or pharmaceutical dispensing.
The 77th is leaving with its 1800 men and conditions are
quiet in the ward. rumors that we will be following soon. hope that we will be
going soon.
The real threat here of any storm is falling coconuts and
trees. prefer that if we have a big storm that it occurs during the day so that
we can see it coming
July 22nd The typhoon failed to arrive-so that is one experience that will have
to wait for the future. They had a severe hurricane last year--with a lot of
damage. Learned that the wind velocity 4 nights ago during the storm was 45
m.p.h.
Went for a swim yesterday—and spent the evening at the club—reading. My
mustache is about 10 days old now—and becoming rather full.
Nothing else new today.
July 23rd Was mildly ill yesterday—gastroenteritis. Feel better today. Many of
the officers and men have been troubled with it.
Nothing much is new except that it is believed that a big naval offensive is
about to be started. There are about 25 warships in the harbor now including 2
aircraft carriers (the Wasp and another), a few battleships, 4-5 cruisers, 6-7
destroyers and 5 transports with marines—tanks, etc. (Probably about 5000
marines). It is believed that they will leave in a day or two and that a battle
(to take New Guinea?) will ensue within the next week. It will be a forced
landing and I wish I were going. I understand that there are forces now up in
Fiji. Sounds very encouraging—and hope that the offensive will be our policy
henceforth.
Things are pretty well set for the party Saturday.
Have to take some of the patients down to the blowholes this afternoon.
July 24th—Uneventful--movie last night, “The Saint in New York” with Louis
Hayward. Visited the club afterward and played Gin Rummy w/ Jones. Alley was
feeling very good having returned from a picnic where Ethyl Alcohol and fruit
juice was the main item on the menu. Rex received two abrasions sustained from
a fall on the Coral—and Col. Lockhardt had pieces of coral removed from his
elbow this morning. Quite a party!!! Was invited but could not attend since I
was scheduled to take the patients to the blowhole. Took Finnegan's rounds this
morning.
The food is rank!! and I'm afraid its going to be so for the duration. Fresh
food is scarce. The food generally is poorly prepared. Powdered eggs and sows
belly are the most frequent breakfast—and I don't touch either. Hash, stew,
dehydrated potatoes, chili con carne—are foods we most frequently—but never
touch them. However, still weight 170. Spend plenty of money on supplementary
diet obtained from PX.
One of the patients I escorted to the beach yesterday was a New Zealand Staff
Sergeant Alistair Wallace—who is awaiting his commission in the Army as a
second lieutenant. A very intelligent fellow who is a lecturer in civilian
life. He has been in the Army 2 yrs—entering it as a volunteer. Great Britain,
he says, established a Protectorate over Tonga tabu about 100 yrs ago when
there was internal friction. Two different factions waged warfare against each
other—using machetes as weapons and seeking the crown from one another.
The king sought aid from G.B. They sent a ship with marines who established
order. It was agreed that G.B. would protect Tongatabu from internal strife and
invasion in exchange for Tonga’s products. The Queen declared war on
Germany--with GB. Two hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor all Japs
were in custody as was previously arranged—if America should attack Japan or
visa versa. Wallace's brother of the Q.A.F. was killed in combat. He believes
that some British forces are joined up with the Russians at the eastern
front—and seems to think the British are doing well—but admits that he thinks
that the battle of the Coral Sea + Midway Island were the turning point of the
war.
July 25th Worked up a good sweat this morning getting things set for the party
this afternoon. The Queen was invited but probably wont show up. Its a job to
get any work out of the Tongans and you have to keep at them all the time. Turn
your back and they stop. Was informed last night that there is a note from
headquarters that they found a wrapper of a package for me that was stolen.
Probably others of mine have met the same fate.
I bought a tropical helmet this morning—Price $ 1.27.
Ordered also—a pint of Ethyl Alcohol just in case things are dull tonight.
Have been asked to gather information on Jaundice of unknown origin by Col McKelvey.
Lt Day and I are assigned to it.
That's all for now.
July 26th—The tea party and beer party were a great success. In the afternoon
there were several local dignitaries present—including the Premier who
represented the Queen—the governor of Vavnu and his wife and others. Last night
turned out to be a brawl. The club looked very attractive—and now we have
electricity and a radio. The liquor flowed freely and there were a few fights.
The Premiers Secretary—a Mr. Brownlee—who was very much under the weather---
made the almost fatal mistake of stating that the American Soldier is no
good—and that a British Tommy is twice as good. Captain Johnson pulled a knife
and was about to let him have it when an enlisted man stepped in the way and
had his hand cut—requiring four stitches. Mr. Brownlee was carried out—and
shooed away. A New Zealand General was lost yesterday afternoon when the ship
went down and both he and the pilot have not been found. The Britishers on the
island re now upset because the general would not let use the radio to try to
contact them. My estimation of the British is hitting a new low. I don’t think
I like them!
More aircraft carriers and other ships have arrived—the Hornet and
Enterprise—and North Carolina—and many other ships are in. There is a
tremendous force about to bear down on something in the near future.
The Queen Mary with 11000 troops-- and many other transports are in harbor.
July 29th
The last few days have been exceptionally busy—both in social and professional
ways. I received considerable mail on the 24th and 28th from the family and
friends—and am glad to hear that everything is well. Medical meeting yesterday.
Filiariasis discussed—4 cases presented—natives--with elephantiasis of legs and
arms, scrotum, orchitis.
Am in the process of a having a cabana made on the beach for the officers and
nurses--the natives are starting on it today—for $12. It will be about 20 X
10—with partition in the center.
Have felt rather peculiar in the last few days—overstimulated--and overactive—probably
am working too hard.
A case from my ward was operated on last night---appendix about 8” long.
Expect to spend plenty of time answering mail during the next week.
Busy day yesterday answering mail. Wrote nine letters. Spent the evening at the
club.
Having trouble with the girls in the club. Refuse to pay their beer bill since
some officers have yet paid for the party. Expected trouble of this sort.
It seems that most of the folks at home know we are—except the LaBarbera's.
Wrote a few hints in my letters and hope they catch on.
Played volley all last night and had a good workout.
Was glad to receive so many letters from home. Hope that mail will come in as
promptly in the future.
July 31st.
Have answered most of my mail—14 letters in all and am looking forward already
to the next batch. Yesterday was quiet as it rained hard all day and night.
I understand that the task force was engaged in a second battle of the Coral
Sea.
I have tried to give the family hints of our location. I actually mentioned the
language spoken here and hope Eula catches on—or calls up the hospital as
suggested.
The Navy was put on the alert—and also the airfield as a convey and
unidentified planes were found in our area. They failed to notify us,
however.
I received my first package today--a box of Toffee from
Pop--postmarked July 3. Our mail was supposed to have been broken into by the
natives on Fijia--and they are wearing plenty of army apparel. I believe that
that was the fate of some of my packages.
Aug 1st Thunder and lightning overhead—the mud is thick—has been raining for
three days. Wish I had boots. Rain and mud have become almost typical of
Tonga-tabu. However, Colonel Meagher forbade pictures to be taken of the area
in this state. Practically the whole administrative department have become
unpopular because of passing unpleasant duties that are actually their own onto
medical hands. They are incompetent and inefficient. If everything were left in
our hands I'm sure we could manage much better. Some would like to expel them
from our club.
It is the 1st of the month—so I start work in two wards with Jones and Mac
Mullen. I'd like to have a ward of my own—but rank has its privileges.
I have heard no news as yet of the battle supposedly going on. With all the
ships we have—it should be very decisive in our favor.
Although it is only 8 AM, I am working by kerosene in my tent—as have to keep
the flaps down, or the tent would be flooded.
Wrote a hasty letter to pop last night thanking him for the Toffee--wanted it
to catch the boat pulling out.
Meals seem to be getting worse---mess officer is very poor and should be
replaced. Flies abundant—utensils dirty. Had plenty of trouble with him when I
was Sanitation Inspector—but he has failed to improve and is getting worse.
Another example of poor administration. He is very incompetent!!
Aug 2nd It let up raining this AM. Last night saw “Too Many Blondes” with Rudy
Vallee—in the Force Surgeons Tent.
Mac finished up his month at the airport today—and has a growth on his upper
lip about 2 weeks old.
We were notified to have maximum bed capacity installed to take care of
possible casualties in the Coral Sea Battle.
I was also informed, confidentially, that a tremendous amount of supplies are
being shipped to Europe and a new front will be opened this summer.
The colonel just showed Jim, Mac and me some photographs—taken about 1 ½ months
ago. I look like a seasoned veteran in one.
Have a letter that I wrote Eula returned. Was too rash.
August 3rd
Quiet Day yesterday—consisting of rounds, reading, chatting-and spending the
evening playing Gin Rummy with Mac.
Someone left a cigarette in the fold of my tent and burned a hole in it.
Probably take “years” to have it fixed.
Houma means rat in Tonga—and it seems that at one time the natives ate them. However,
it is an offense now to say “kai houma” to anyone as it means “rat eater.”
Pre-marital relations are common here—as a man is supposed to be more desirable
if he has 3-4 children before married. It enhances his chances—and no stigma is
associated. The woman is not thought of much in this respect—and there is what
might be called a mild stigma.
Would like to be back in the States! Samel our club boy quit Sat.--so we'll
have to get another. He was getting L1.103—about $5 a month. Probably should
have given him more. However, I have my first Xmas invitation.
Aug 4th—Quiet day—Played Volleyball in the afternoon. To a movie at night,
”Let's Make Music”, Bob Crosby and the club for a couple of beers. All the
lieutenants have to censor mail daily now. I am not going to enjoy it much.
Am reading “For Whom the Bells Toll” now—and find it interesting.
Aug 5th—Rounds, censoring, taking the men for a swim and playing volleyball
followed by a few games of Gin Rummy at the club with Jim made up the day.
The Solace pulled out yesterday, heading west, to be nearer the scene of
activities. No elective operations are performed in the hospital in order to
have enough beds for possible casualties.
Have not had a drink of water in over 2 mos. The water here is chlorinated and
does not taste too good. Have confined my liquids to beverages, coffee, tea,
fruit juices and beer.
Censored some mail this morning—there is considerable difference in the way the
men express themselves. Some write very fluidly, reserved. Others overflow,
gush, are melodramatic. Most to save the folks at home any anxiety while
few—very few attempt to excite sympathy, concern, worriment. Some are almost
illiterate but most write an intelligent—or fairly intelligent letter. There
are very few letters from which anything has to be deleted.
I wrote to V—letters-me to Pop and the folks—and one to Margaret before taking
up again with my diary. This morning I had a haircut and mustache trimmed--it
really as though it has g.. places
I sent $170 home by money order yesterday and hope to receive and send home
also $150 which we expect to get for uniform allotments—only a small part of
the amount we have laid out for uniforms.
Aug 6th
Volley ball and then to the club last night. Read a few A.M.A. And then to bed.
On Fiji—about 400 miles from here—there are 20,000 men with 2 General and 1
Base hospital—which seems disproportionate compared to our one unit for 8000
men. There are no blackouts there and they have liquor and dancing nightly.
However we have our compensation. They have about 100 inches of rain a
year--162. I don't miss liquor at all and have become accustomed to the
blackouts.
We have had about 5 months of blackout now—starting on the ship. In retrospect
that was like a nightmare. All ports were closed at night which made living in
the cabins very uncomfortable, hot and humid—especially near and at the
equator. I tried sleeping on deck a few time--and under life boats having to
carry my mattress, pillows-etc--Up narrow stairways. The procedure was usually
followed by rain-and we would have to put up with it or scurry below. At 5:30
AM the alert would sound-and would to go down below—as it was useless to sleep
further. I slept on the hurricane deck once or twice. We saw the destroyers
dropping charges once or twice. The only place there was light was in the hot
stuffy washroom where nurse and officers, both and army and navy would
congregate--to read, play cards, and the Victrola. The food was not bad—but not
quite enough.
The service was poor and the servers seemed to resent waiting on us. A few were
nice—but most surly We had a couple of enlisted men to do our rooms daily and
paid them a dollar a week each. The voyage seemed as though it would never end
and I was glad when we reached our destination which looked veritably like
deserted islands—sandy beaches with tall coconut trees in the background. I was
anxious to go ashore but had to wait 2 days before doing so—to go to work on
land. An M.A.C. tried to put me on night duty—to the exclusion of others—but I
put him in his place thoroughly and without hesitation. On disembarking I had
to descent via a Jacobs ladder with full equipment.
I have had feelings of nostalgia in and off. Although there are many around—I
find myself getting lonesome.
Aug 7th
Rounds -- a nap in the afternoon, the movies (" Joe Smith, an American
") and the club made up the day. Also had a few games of volleyball before
the movies. I ordered seven bracelets last night -- at the price of three
dollars per and also expect to have some rings made. I also expect to have
access to tapa cloths in about one week.
Have just about given up worrying about the welfare of the club -- the men are
always ready to enjoy the privileges of the club -- but few -- two or three,
are interested in taking responsibility and showing willingness to sacrifice
any time or effort with it. We expect to run out of beer soon -- unless another
shipment arrives. So -- -- will see what happens.
Have not heard any good news for a long time -- seems that this war is going to
be endless.
August 8th
-- rounds -- getting statistics on jaundice cases with McKelvey, Finnegan and
Day. Gin rummy with Jim -- a visit to some natives and Father Caille in
reference to the making of some native Christmas cards -- volleyball and a dull
evening at the club made up the day.
There are rumors that the task force which left here about two weeks ago
engaged the enemy (where?) and was successful in one encounter -- but lost a
the second with heavy casualties.
Another airplane was in an accident last week -- the pilot sustained a
concussion.
We're giving a party for the men of the Whitney tonight -- starting with a
cocktail party this afternoon.
August 9th
-- Attended the party in the afternoon -- Potent drinks consisting of grape
juice, grapefruit and coconut milk with ethyl alcohol were served. Had a good
dinner -- the best since on the island and then the party was resumed. Had a
very good time. The party broke at midnight.
The task force is supposed to have gained one objective -- and unsuccessful in
the second with about 1600 casualties. Rumor that the Wasp and the North
Carolina were sunk. An American submarine -- laying in wait in Tokyo Harbor is
said to have sunk in aircraft carrier just launched. I went down to Mukalotah
yesterday to buy boots -- but was unsuccessful -- wasting the whole morning
there. Sella -- our house girl, and Lissile Ali -- danced for us last night.
August 10th
-- Spent the whole day at the club -- with Mac, Rex, Karsi, and Horatio -- and
indulged. We had a good time -- played basketball -- but we couldn't see the
ball -- In the evening went to Karsi’s hut. Benji came in the while Rex and I
were asleep made the comment that it looked like a two bit flophouse in --
hotel -- I got a date and visited the blowholes -- but I should have gone to
bed.
Reports that the task force that was here three weeks ago had landed in the
Solomon Islands in New Guinea, which are occupied by the Japs.
August 11th
---Rounds -- and nap in the afternoon the movies ("Tight Shoes" by
Damon Runyon) and a few beers at the club.
Reports that we have taken the Solomon Islands against much resistance. Would
like to be there. We might just as well be back in the States as in this
position. However, they may send us casualties that might help keep us busy.
August 12th
--- The battle is still going on -- and we're supposed to have taken the
southernmost islands of the Solomon Group with some losses -- which Admiral
King states is well worth while. We have not been getting much news in
reference to that battle or that of the Aleutian Islands.
Had a bull session with Tom and Father Lynch -- yesterday morning – re’ the
war. Lieutenants (Van Notta, Stansfield, Pierce, Robins, Robbins, Maroon,
Dinges, and myself) beat the NCOs at volleyball yesterday afternoon -- two out
of three. We have a return engagement today. Spent the evening at the club.
I am going out in the bushes to treat Tongan children with yaws -- at Mau
today.
Have a case of Filariasis in the ward who had a large gluteal abscess -- which
was incised and drained of about a gallon of puss.
August 13th
-- Rounds, Reading “And Now Tomorrow” by Rachel Field, volleyball beating the
NCOs –2-1 and the club.
The rats had a grand time in and around my tent last night -- running about and
squealing. They were all over except in bed with me – and I thought they might
even try that. The night before it was insects. Perhaps I’ll get a good night’s
sleep tonight. News about the Solomons is very vague -- and scanty.
Aug 14th
Went to Kovali yesterday afternoon with Mac, Bill Grove and Miss McGeloray to
treat civilian Tongans. Saw the general run of the mill—one pretty definite
TB—one suspected—or probable, bronchial asthma, bilateral pterygium, 7 mos.
pregnancy, bronchitis. Definitely medicine in the raw. . Stopped at the Flying
Fox Tree that I had seen before, but which was a new sight to the rest. I guess
that it will be a permanent job for me. Also learned that I am to be a
quarantine inspector for all incoming ships.
A ship is in today—with “40,000” pounds of mail. We will probably get it
tomorrow
Tom reports we have taken three of the Solomon Islands—but with heavy
casualties, and hand to hand fighting.
Movie last night, “Ride 'Em Cowboy” with Abbot and Costello –silly but
entertaining. Played the upper ranks in volleyball last night and beat them
2-1. Not very enjoyable as they play like sand lots kids and argue after every
point. They were ahead of us in the third game until they tried to put over a
raw deal, which made the rest of us fighting mad—and we went ahead to win.
There is plenty of enthusiasm in the game.
Aug 15th
Rounds –Reading “Philosophy of Life”—Durant- & “And Now Tomorrow” by Field.
A swim and evening at the club. All good news yesterday. The Marines have a
good foothold in the Solomons, three Jap ships burning, one sunk, Jap guns
silenced in Kiska, Aleutian Islands, and the Germans are withdrawing some of
their planes from the Russian Front to stem the R.A.F. attacks. The hospital is
in the process of construction. Was hoping that we’d be out of here before they
started.
There is going to be a cocktail party this afternoon for Gardner who was
recently promoted to Major.
The mail has not arrived yet.
The days seem to be getting warmer. It must be as hot as blazes in the summer.
Shaved my mustache this morning.
Aug 16th
The cocktail party extended through the evening and a good time was had by all.
Contrary to previous parties, there were no fights as the usual offenders were
absent.
There is supposed to be mail inbound, which will probably come tomorrow.
Aug 17th
---Slept practically all of yesterday morning—Finished ” And Now Tomorrow” and
went to the club in the afternoon and again at night. Received about 8 letters
from home yesterday and expect more today. Am glad to hear that everything is
well.
The rats woke me up last night. They made an awful racket running around in the
tent. I felt something in my foot and kicked it off. They sounded like
full-grown rats. Lay awake for 1 - 1 1/2 hours. The rain probably drove them
in.
August 18th
-- Rounds -- a letter from Margaret and magazines from Pop -- a visit to Father
Caille -- and Papua -- the movies Fixer Dugan with Lee Tracy and the club. We
visited Father Cailles. and he said he would have Tapa cloths ready for us. He
had about 30 and we helped him in setting prices on them. They are to be
exhibited over the weekend at the rectory and we are to place orders.
I have received nine letters in all -- and expect to respond today. Not as much
mail as I would have hoped to receive.
The enlisted man beat us badly last night at volleyball—3-0.
I had a good night's sleep last night -- if there were any rats around I did
not hear them. Some rumors -- undoubtedly wishful thinking -- that we might
move up to the Solomons.
August 19
-- Routine day -- received more mail yesterday -- and a package from Aunt Marge
and Uncle Jim -- which contained almost everything but the kitchen sink. Got
off six letters in the last couple of days.
Went swimming yesterday afternoon and basked in the sun. It was a fine day.
Visited the hospital being erected -- four are under construction --41 to go.
It is in the midst of jungle growth.
August 20th
-- Routine day -- rounds -- reading of Time in AM and PM. -- and the club at
night.
Was bothered by fleas all night -- scratching and turning -- with a rat also
scratching nearby. Insects are very abundant here -- and many are hospitalized
for the treatment of infected bites
Practically all of the radio news is encouraging -- and the A.E.F. has landed
in Africa. Hope to see some action now.
Volleyball again last night -- with the captains—1 to 1.
We get radio news on the short wave from San Francisco every night. Had the
Waldorf-Astoria last week-- Xavier Cupat and his orchestra.
I made a trip to Golami this afternoon -- and saw four patients. Nothing very
interesting. Also received an appointment as Quarantine Inspector for Tonga
Tabu. Never thought I'd hold a Tongan political position. The job is to inspect
crews of incoming ships for communicable disease.
Just heard that a second front was opened in Europe today. The most encouraging
news we've had yet. I hope they drive on right to Berlin.
August 21st
-- The invasion turned out to be a 9 hr. commando raid in which 91 Allied
planes and 150 Axis planes were shot down. We also lost many tanks but
apparently it was worth it.
Lost a volleyball game to the NCOs last night 2 to 1 and then went to a show to
see one of the years worst pictures – “Young America."
Spent in our so at the club and then to bed. Fine night's sleep
Afternoon -- I was here reading a magazine when I find myself wondering off and
reminiscing, about the week prior to embarking when I was at the NYPA. Those
days were just chock-full of running around from office to office and to the
pier all day long trying to straighten out our supplies -- making sure that
they were all present to be loaded and taking in hand the baggage foot locker
and bedding role situation. It was a doost of a job and I’d be busy from 8 a.m.
to 5:30, 6 p.m. or later, butting my head against red tape and Army
inefficiency, so that I’d be dead tired on arriving home -- satisfied to just
to sit around and relax. I knew that we were going on the sixth and I was a bit
anxious to be off to get it over with. Not many, if any of the family suspected
we would be shoving off so soon—but Ed cornered me the last night at dinner and
put me on the spot. I told them that I if I did not return home for dinner not
to expect me. Pop cornered me that night and I confessed that I was leaving for
good the following morning and gave him instructions to tell the rest on
missing me the following day that I had returned to Dix.
I felt a bit disappointed when Margaret left early on Easter Sunday—the day
before leaving for good—the day before leaving for good—as I though it would be
probably years before I would see her again—and felt likewise when Eddie and
Rose went out for the night before I was to leave. I thought that they should
have realized that I would not be around for long—and highly possible that I
never would never return. Eula and the kids were out to a movie that night and
I confessed that I was leaving for good the following day that I had returned
to Dix.
It was a rather difficult breaking away from Pop and Mom the following morning
-- but they took it very nicely. It is a rather strange sensation when you
break away from everything you known -- to enter something which you have no
power over and which in the future you may face grave reality. I have often
felt that I would not care what happened to me -- have -- and still do. However
vision within myself becomes sharper, more distant and where personalities are
blurred they become strikingly outlined. As is probably a human tendency I
begin to reflect, as I had done before but not so thoroughly or persistently
upon what different people meant to me inasmuch as I might possibly never see
them again and find that I owed a lot.
For August 22
-- read all afternoon, tied the enlisted men in volleyball and then attended a
lecture by Dr. Bartley, an elderly man about 70, a public health officer who
has been here for 27 years and delivered the Crown Prince. He related his
travels in yellow fever and malaria ridden Panama and Nicaragua -- in the
latter place tackling the hookworm problem, in Peru describing a case of utu
venimosa, Fiji, Wallace Islands, New Zealand and Tonga. After that rather dull
evening at the club.
August 23rd
-- Went down to the rectory after rounds with Jones yesterday morning to help
prepare the display of Tapa. There are 57 different Tapas -- of varying
designs, color, and size. I put an order in for about $20 worth which I hope to
send home
In the afternoon I went to a track meet held at the Methodist College (Tubow).
It was a fine afternoon -- warm and sunshiny -- and many people attended --
Natives, Englishman, New Zealand soldiers and officers and American soldiers.
The events started at about 2 p.m. although scheduled for 1:45 p.m. (time is no
element in Tonga). The events consisting of dashes, hurdles, 440, 880, and mile
runs, relays, high jump, broad jump, Tug of war, ball throwing (cricket ball
--107 yards) were interesting although far below our standards. Pole vault –
10ft 9”, high jump –5’'6". Hop, Skip and Jump 42 feet +. Tubo College beat
the civil service and Tongan defense force. The meet was preceded by a
competitive parade from which the best person is chosen. We went down in the
truck but had no way to get there, as we had made no arrangements. We went to
the collecting station and Joe Kassol and Landry invited us to dinner at the
guardhouse and motor pool, as we were too late already for mess at the
hospital. We had steak, which looked appetizing -- but I could not eat it as it
was like leather. However it held me over. Smitty inveigled a Jeep from the
guards to take us back to the hospital financial parentheses and our
transportation problem is very poor). We got back to the hospital safely --
Driving is very dangerous along the dark roads in the blackout. However there
was a good moon out which helped a lot. We promptly had some drinks on Van
stans and Charlie's tent next door and all began to glow – and a good time was
had by all. I went to the club but came home and went to bed early. Mac is in
the hospital with ulceration in his nares. Was up to see him this morning.
They say another boat came in with 25 bags of mail.
August 24th
Went for swim at the Blowholes yesterday with Van and Stan -- met Grove and
Graff and was invited to join them in a small picnic they were having to
celebrate Grove’s birthday. He had received chicken, tongues. from home. We
picked a nice secluded spot at the edge of the blowhole and enjoyed ourselves
for about an hour. I was O.D. the last night and was called to treat an acute
atropine poisoning -- atropine ()was administered accidentally instead of
1/100. He looked in bad shape but about an hour after physostigmine was
administered he looked better. He became excited and delirious during the night
and had to be given a sedative. I think he'll pull through.
I had quite a time with the fleas in bed last night.
Aug 25th Spent the morning making rounds and working up three consultations—the
afternoon reading and sleeping. We had a dinner celebrating Col Meagher's 25th
anniversary in the army—followed by a movie—then a party at the club where the
ethyl alcohol flowed freely n the form of a punch. I had a good time—and danced
t music supplied by the 147th which sounded like one of the big ten.
Some mail arrived here yesterday but I did not get any.
Aug 26th—Have been shaving with hot water for the past 4-5 days—and it is quite
a novelty again to have hot water. Made rounds and began to read “The Moon is
Down” by Steinbeck. Slept from 1-4 yesterday afternoon and then spent a dull
evening at the club. Heard yesterday that Brazil had declared war.
I am having some Tongan Kava cups made—about a dozen. They will make good
cocktail cups when we get home.
I foolishly made a bet of 25$ the other night that we would still be here Sept
21st, 1943. She reminded me of the bet yesterday.
We ran out of beer at the club—and last night there were very few there. The
office who was poisoned is getting along nicely.
Aug 27th Went swimming yesterday—spent the whole afternoon—roasting--and
finished “The Man is Down.” Pretty good book.
Mac and I imbibed last night and spent a quiet but loquacious night. Hugh came
along and we reminisced about mutual acquaintances at P & S. He is about to
tackle the flea problem—but I put in my two cents and told him the rats should
be eradicated first—as the species is rat flea. Most of the rats live up in the
coconut trees—and usually when a coconut falls—there is a hole gnawed through
it. I've never seen any in the trees. They come down at night.
The greatest naval battle in history is said to be going on now between the
Solomons and New Guinea. We are said to have sunk and aircraft carrier and
several other ships. The Japs state they have annihilated our fleet. Some Jap
ships broke away from the main group and we were concerned that they are
heading this way our force was put on the alert.
Injured the 3rd and 4th fingers of my right hand last night at volley ball
playing against the privates. They won 2-1. It is probably a sprain—but I'll
have a peak taken to rule out a chip fracture.
The sun rises earlier so we get up in the light now. It is about 7:30 AM and
the sun is shining brightly about a quarter of the way up.
Aug 28th Made my trip to Golamae yesterday—and saw about 9-10 patients,
hydrathenes of knee, low back pain, possible tb, scabies, possible fracture of
elbow, etc.
Movie last night--”Three Sons”--which was a depressing picture, not so good.
Went to the club and played Gin Rummy with Jones.
I am to be on Receiving and O.P.D. next month—and as such am to be part of the
M.A.C and will have to mount the guard—and be officer of the day.
We were double crossed by our own ranking officers—who did not oppose our
taking over this job but as a matter of fact were in favor I it. Just another
thing which shows that the higher ups don’t use their heads—and demonstrated
the way the Army works. It will be first just for a month and not too bad I
hope.
My fingers feel better to day. No fractures by X Ray.
Aug 29th—Rounds--a nap in the afternoon—and a short session with Grove last
night followed by a walk to the blowholes with Burn.
A ship from the Solomons is supposed to be in—but without any casualties. We
were preparing to take care of the wounded from the battle going on but they
were probably taken to hospitals nearer the scene of battle.
A ship from San Francisco is supposed to be in with supplies and probably mail.
A group had a party yesterday—and more of them appear to be crippled in some
way or other.
Aug 30th—Went swimming yesterday afternoon. The weather was hot and humid—and
the water was refreshing—although the tide was low. Went over to the club last
night—drank New Zealand beer and returned to my tent early..
Aug 31st Church and then the club where we played some baseball. Did not have
any lunch—but drank N.Z. Beer and stayed at the club all day. Last night
returned to the club00played Gin Rummy with James and home early.
The Enterprise (aircraft carrier), one cruiser and 3 destroyers arrived
yesterday. The Enterprise was hit by bombs a couple of times—one bomb
traversing three decks. There were 92 casualties of which about 75 were killed.
We got two of the casualties--both struck by bomb fragments--one has severe
gashes in his buttocks and legs and had his right foot amputated—and is in
critical condition. The other has had his great toe amputated and will probably
have the rest of his foot removed. They were sent on with a diagnosis of Gas
Gangrene.
Reports are optimistic. The Americans are not taking any prisoners—because of a
recent betrayal in Tulagi. The Japs had raised the white flag—and the marines
entered—but on approaching the flag-bearer jumped into a fox hole—and the Japs
opened fire—causing 650 casualties. Reminds me of the double cross at Pearl
Harbo—with would be peacemakers in Washington.
The Americans are supposed to have hot 15 Jap ships inn Tulagi harbor. Our
losses are supposed to be slight compared to the Japs. There is a compliment of
about 2000 men in the Enterprise—so their casualties were less than 5%.
Sept 1
Picnic at Alleys beach yesterday afternoon—Steak, pork chops, beer and
punch—and a birthday cake for Jack Kaiser. It would be simple to break one's
neck on the incline to the beach as it is a perpendicular bluff of coral—but
there were no casualties yesterday.
A piece of shrapnel was removed from one of the men the other day. They say the
critical one is improving.
I start in receiving, OPP and evacuation today, which also includes censoring
and administrative OD on my turn. Mail should be in soon.
Sept 2nd Very busy day yesterday—in receiving patients, Evacuation, censoring
mail, attended officers and medical meeting, cut Alley's hair again, and worked
up 3 cases of Enteritis. I went to the club for about an hour and returned with
Father Lynch. We had a session for an hour or so and then I turned in. We had
individual photos taken yesterday. I hope mine turns out well as I would like
to send it home.
We arrived a 530 AM—as dawn breaks earlier. Awoke several times during the
night since it was very cold.
Most of the news over the radio sounds encouraging. In the Solomons 35 planes
dove on the Enterprise and all but two were shot down. Apparently the Japs are
being slaughtered in that area.
Our food has improved a little—as our offices are paying more than the allotted
amount. It was getting so that I could not touch the stuff. Powdered eggs,
salty sow belly, hash, chili-con carne, dehydrated potatoes, Vienna sausage,
shredded beef, but now we are getting fresh beef-and occ. fresh eggs. A rarity
down here also is fresh pure water—miss it frequently. We drink nothing at
meals except tea, coffee and canned fruit juices. Have had 2-3 drinks of water
in about 3 mos.
Sept 3rd Very busy day—treated yaws in the Tongan Soldiers yesterday. There are
about 10 receiving treatments-catharses. There only complaint is sore
feet—which appear thick with deep fissures on the soles. Some have had 4
shorts—so I'll have a Kahn done next week. Answering sick call, and receiving
comprised the rest of the day. Some of the men are very prolific in their
correspondence. There is very little censoring to do—as most of the men keep
within the limitations.
Had a busy morning—admitted eight patients—mostly surgical and sutured a deep
laceration of the hand of a Tongan boy. The children take pain very well
without a whimper.
=
I just got rid of my Tongan Dispensary job and feel that it is going to make a
premature death. The T.M.P politely informed Jones that he thought he could
take care of everything and would request our assistance if he thought he
needed it. I believe some must think we are meddling Americans and I am not
quite sure that they are wrong.
The Tongan soldiers receive a shilling a day—amounting to about $4.75 a month.
We pay our kitchen help –natives wo wash the pots and pans--$6 per month.
Father Lynch requested that I see a native girl—one of Father Calais
helpers00who has been sick for 3-4 days. I visited her last night—and after
some difficulty in getting a history and doing a physical as 4-5 members
of the family crowded into the room—I hazarded a diagnosis—which under the
circumstances may or may not be right –but I expect to see her again tomorrow.
Father Callais is a French Catholic Missionary—and has been on the island—about
4 years and has his lifetime to go. It takes a lot of gumption with that
outlook—to take a job like that. I've seen him frequently riding at a full
gallop down the road in his black Cossack, black split fedora, black beard. He
is a fine man and would do anything for you. I believe that our being here has
been a pleasure for him.
I hope that the col and general do not have any more brainstorms about how to
keep us busy—with dispensaries, First Aid—etc-as we have enough to do without
going looking for it.
Sept 4th—Wrote a letter home and took a nap after working half the afternoon.
Saw a “Dead End Kid” picture last night which was not so good. Things are
pretty quiet here and there is not much new
September 5th
--A party for the opening of the nurses' reception room last night started off
sedately but ended up in a brawl-- I had a very good time. The 7th Evac,
officers from other outfits--and some of the Navy and a few New Zealanders were
there. The officers from the South Dakota--a new vessel in the harbor--are
going to supply their orchestra and 50 gals. of ice cream tonight for a party
at the Officers Club. The 147th Inf. orchestra supplied the music last night.
This morning the environs of the newly opened reception room is strewn with
cans.
The pilots from The Enterprise did a good job at the Solomons--each of them
have about 10 planes to his credit. They have flown in practice combat with the
army pilots here and shown them a few tricks they picked up from the battle to
beat the Japs in combat. The Army planes are faster but the navy planes are
better at maneuvering. The latter put a big hole in the Jap Air force at the
Solomons.
Lt. Mosley (margin note: “subsequently killed in the Solomons”)--the atropine
poisoned patient--has a responsible position w/ our air force here, and says
that we suffered many losses at the beginning of the war because men were sent
into combat zone with only 3-4 hours experience and that many of the deaths
were accidental.
Today is Pop’s birthday--and I wish I were home to celebrate it with him. I
hope that he will have many more--happier than this year.
September 6th
--Spent a long day in receiving yesterday--from about 8-4:30 and felt a bit
worn out from the night before. The Commander of the South Dakota sent his 21
piece orchestra--and fifty gallons of ice-cream for a party last night. It was
a very fine gesture. The orchestra was very good--and some of the sailors had
played with “big time” orchestras in the states. Punch was also served, and a
good time was had by all.
A new task force is being formed here and there are several vessels in the
harbor: They say that several more including transports arrived yesterday. The
aircraft carrier ”Saratoga” is expected today. The South Dakota is a newly
commissioned battleship of about 35,000 tons. Some of the men went aboard her
this morning. I had to attend receiving, etc.
This morning an Engineer, Major Eudal--a patient in receiving--told us that the
North Carolina was overtaken by 4 Jap cruisers. She proceeded at about 20
knots/ hr.--and then opened fire--sinking two cruisers directly--and chased the
other two sinking them also. He has traveled through practically the whole
South Pacific--by plane--Aus., NZ, Fiji and states that the general consensus
of opinion in those parts is that the war will last 8-10 years. Those who are
more optimistic say 5.
Solomon--my laundry man--brought me 7 Kava cups yesterday for my cocktail set.
The 37th Division is supposed to move up to the Solomons--we are part of the
37th--so it is possible that if this is true we might move up also.
The Barnett and The American Legion are in port--as transports.
Sept 7th--
Morning in receiving--slept in the afternoon after starting “Return from
Dunkirk.” Dreamt that I was received in the English Court, received a gift of a
pipe from the King and Queen--and was made Commander of all English forces in
Russia. Also dreamt that I was home and shaved and dressed in the street--as
has been our custom here.
We are going to have another party tomorrow night for Admiral Fletcher, Vice
Admiral of the task force that was engaged in the Solomons. He stated that in
Tolagi--700 Japs were ambushed but only two taken prisoner. They are
slaughtering them since the Japs have been treacherous--e.g. throwing grenades
at First Aiders going to their aid--and cutting them down with bullets when
they approached.
The Elliot--one of the ships in our convoy was sunk in the Solomons by a Jap
ship which dove onto it after being struck. Sounds like suicide strike but from
I heard from Moseby who spoke to members of the Enterprise the Japs don’t go in
to much for suicides dives as reported--if at all.
Our mail ship which is about one week overdue is thought to have been sunk or
disabled. Too bad--but it may come in yet for all we know. The Wisconsin---here
almost 2 weeks ago and carrying 5 med. patients and Col. Blakelock back to the
states is rumored to have been sunk.
There are over 30 ships in the harbor now--including the Saratoga, convening
for another attack in the Australian area. We received only two
casualties--most of them were sent to Australia and proximal bases.
The South Dakota left yesterday. With all these ships in harbor we are a good
target for a Jap attack-but they are probably too busy in the Solomon area.
Some of the men have dug fox holes behind their tents--about 5” to 5’-2” to
jump into in case of a raid. I have yet to make one. Our place will be in the
hospital and not like ostriches in a hole.
The fleas ate me alive last night and it took some time before I could get off
too sleep. They are black--oval--the size of a pin head--and you can see them
jumping but its hard to catch and kill them. They are rat fleas.
I happen to think of the dreary day April 9th when silently and surreptitiously
our ship the Barnett slipped out of harbor; none of us allowed up on deck. But
it was a bad day--small snowflakes began to fall and it looked dreary. One of
the girls ran to her cabin and began to weep. Wall all felt rather low--because
although a great adventure lay before us we might never get back--and if we did
get back, who could say how long it would be. Yes! It was a depressing sight
through that porthole--and we had 30 hectic days before us before we reached
our destination. We had to wear our life belts throughout the whole
trip--supposed to even while in bed. The belt consisted of a band of canvas
about 4” wide strapped around the waist--and blown up automatically by shooting
off two cylinders of CO2--by squeezing two levers together in the front near
the clasp. Some received a surprise of their life when accidentally the tube
was blow up by compressing the levers. The trip probably was about 10-10000
miles, as we did a great deal of zig zagging.
4:55PM- Approx. 12 PM in New York. Seven more ships arrived today--bringing the
total up to about 40 in the harbor. The Captain, three doctors (Harden, Brown
and Price) were removed from the Barnett for talking too much. Penalty??
The meals are improving-had fresh ham, fresh mashed potatoes and fresh cabbage
tonight--with tea and fruit salad. We are chipping in $4 a month more in order
to have better food. The food furnished by the army is not too desirable and we
definitely get fed up with it.
The Barnett has the wing of a Jap plane which landed aboard ship as the plane
was falling.
I admitted the 1st solder of the Tongan Army--who was inducted 3 years ago.
A.S.N. 001. Furenculosis of the buttocks.
Was greeted this morning by an exceptionally large batch of mail. The boys are
particularly prolific with their correspondence over the week-ends. Will
probably be snowed under when the mail arrives.
Sept 9th
--The medical officers from the Barnett spoke yesterday at the club. They
related the various types of injuries sustained at the Tobali and their
treatment. There must have been plenty of casualties. The first group of
Marines and sailors who landed were all killed. They do not say much of the
actual combat.
We had a party last night in honor of the Vice Admiral of the Fleet Admiral
Fletcher. There were about 75 to 100 Naval officers and aviators present
including the Admiral. Purple death acted on them very quickly--and they seemed
to have had a wonderful time. I got back to my tent at about 1:45 AM.
From what I hear, just about the whole naval staff were “knocked cold” by
Purple Death and were lying all over our grounds and stumbling about. I hope
that they recover fully before they go into combat---because they’d take a
shellacking now. The South Dakota on leaving here went up on a coral reef and
was damaged. It will have to go back to Pearl Harbor for repairs. Another
example of carelessness.
Our losses at the Solomon are greater than broadcasted. The whole first detail
of marines to land were knocked out completely. They expected
85%--50%--35%--and very little loss in the last wave with cleaning up on this
final wave. The Japs apparently were laying in wait. There was one story of a
Jap throwing grenades from a coconut tree. A soldier got him--but was wounded
by a fragment when the grenade fell out of the Jap’s hands.
Sept 10th
--Mounted the Guard yesterday afternoon--all in all it was very successful I am
O.D. and was up before down this morning--to awake the other officers at dawn
at 5:30. I am taking a revolver--without bullets. It seems foolish but denotes
authority and is supposed to command more respect.
The Barnett brought down three planes in the Solomons. We have had many
aviators visiting us. Most of them are very young.
We consumed 40 gals of Purple Death and 35 cans of beer the other night for
approximately 150 people. They began to drop like flies at about 10 PM and were
lying all over the place. Those fellows set out to get drunk and they
accomplished it in a very short order. I guess they deserved it. They seem to
be a fine bunch and if were given my chance again I would probably join the
Navy.
Mail is supposed to be in. I hope so but it means a lot of work and sorting.
Sept 11th
--Had an uneventful day as O.D. and was relieved at 4 PM. Movie last night “The
Vanishing Virginian” with Frank Morgan. Movies of the trip down the Atlantic
Coast and Neptune services aboard the American Legion were also shown. Some
good shorts of the other transports and battleships of our convey.
I believe I forgot to mention that our ship broke down in the Pacific for about
8 hours and we thought were going to be left behind to do the best we
could--however the remainder of the convey went ahead about 3-4 miles and
waited for us. We proceeded the remainder of the journey partially disabled.
No mail yet--there is supposed to be a supply ship at Fiji.
We got a warning last night that the barometer was falling and that another
typhoon was coming along--to loosen up the tent ropes and secure every thing. However
it rained a little during the night and I slept outside with my side flaps up.
I believe that everyone agrees that our C.O. is a definite failure. He seems to
be interested only in photography, the Tongan language, and the farm. He sells
us officers farm produce for our mess at city prices, in spite of the fact that
his expenses are practically nil. He is one of the most unpopular men on the
unit.
A task force set out from here yesterday morning--destination unknown.
Marie--my maid--brought me two more Kava cups yesterday. I have a dozen now.
Tekit-Tekit has not finished by bracelets yet.
Sept 12th
--After a day in receiving--where I wrote four letters in the afternoon, I got
a ride to the Collecting Station with Colonel Meager, Maj. Kidder, Misses White
and Ricky to relieve Landry and Warner for their holidays. Things were very
quiet during the night--and I slept soundly--although the other men said that
there was quite a storm during the night with plenty of wind. I slept on
Warner’s air mattress and it felt good. This morning I rode down to the dock
with Landry and the ambulance and the scene was attractive with 12 ships in the
harbor--Saratoga, South Dakota, a couple of cruisers, Hunter Leggett, Barnett,
American Legion, Vestal, Arctic (latter two--repair & supply respectively).
We had eaten breakfast over at the Provost Marshals. The enlisted men are very
pleasant--and go out of their way to please. Last night they made me a toasted
cheese sandwich and this morning an egg sandwich on toast. A fine bunch of men.
No mail as yet.
1 PM--Had lunch at the P.M.--and took a ride down to the docks. There are four
small supply ships in--w/ 117,000 lbs. of meat aboard. There was a pair of
depth bombs perched on the stern which looked ominous
Just stopped in at a nearby yard and saw a turtle approx. 4 ft by 2 ft by 1 ft.
The Queen has one on her grounds that was given her by Capt. Cook.
Sailors were fishing off the side of the supply ship--one harpooned a dog fish
but it got away.
All the battle ships except a cruiser and destroyer have left the harbor.
It is said that we are called a task force rather than an expeditionary force
as F.D.R. said that there would never be another expeditionary in one of his
previous speeches.
The marines went ashore on their hands in the Solomons--60% casualties on the
1st, 20% on the second--and practically none in the 3rd. The Japs fled into the
woods and trenches, and gas was used to drive them out of the trenches. There
are some stories of atrocities--which may be true or false. One sailor whom
Sgt. Weinstein was talking said that we had new losses, having seen 4 cruisers
going down. He said that none of our planes were in the air. The Jap suiciders
would cover their faces with a Jap flag and dive. The Elliot met its fate this
way--and the Barnett narrowly escaped a similar one.
Sept 13th. Went to the opening of the infantry club last night and had a pretty
good time although it can’t compare with the parties here. One of the members
had to sign for the D.Z. beer that they served--and charged a quarter per
bottle. I had a few dances--the 147th furnished the music. Party ended at 11
--and rode back to camp in a truck with other officers and nurses. I received
another notice today that one of my packages was stolen or lost.
Rumor that the American Legion is going to Australia and on its return the
147th is going to practice shore parties which sounds as though they will be
leaving in the near future--but this needs confirmation.
I gave the boys at the C.S. a couple of dollars to buy some steak for
themselves yesterday. Nice bunch of boys.
Sept 14th--Worked in receiving all day--Quiet day--uneventful. Some of the
marines are said to have been caught in swimming at the Solomons and mowed down
by the Japs. Frank Fletcher--Vice Admiral, was in charge of the task force in
the first Coral Sea Battle. They were supposed to meet our convoy--but
intercepted the Japs instead. There is a good story of the battle in the August
issue of the Readers Digest.
The Japs captured in Tulagi were marched before the intelligence and questioned
with a bayonet to their backs and then disposed of. One officer (US) was killed
after giving a cigarette to a supposedly wounded Jap--and while lighting his
cigarette. The Jap drew a knife and stabbed him.
Bananas here for the taking and said to be selling for $1 a dozen in the
states.
(12:30 P.M. I am scheduled to take the men down swimming this afternoon--things
are run abominably --and if I ever should get out of this army, I should never
want to have anything to do with it. Our leaders are very incompetent,
inefficient, irresponsible and I beginning to wonder how we can ever win this
war with such a group directing us. The leaders of our particular unit are not
only a disappointment to me but to most of the others. A 12 yr. old child could
run things better. I’m pretty disgusted and irritated by it all. I think if we
do win this war it will be by sheer weight of production. There are too many
grocery clerks and soda-jerks in the driver’s seat in the army. The Navy seems
to have competent men. I have often wondered why the Army and Navy never could
get along but now am beginning to see the light. If I had to do it again I’d
join the Navy--but would preferably be a civilian.
No mail yet. They say a ship carrying our mail was sunk between San Fran and
Honolulu.
Sept 15th--My notes of yesterday sound very venomous--but its the truth. You
think of such things but don’t like to write them until you overflow with
ill-feeling--then you don’t care and write candidly what’s on your mind.
Took some patients for a swim yesterday and finished “Return via Dunkirk.” They
are repeating the films that we have seen--as we have received no new movies.
The men look forward to the movies as diversion is scant on the island. The Red
Cross is supposed to supply entertainment and diversion but this is an
organization that yet to prove its worth. It is a farce--and they do very
little of anything that could not be taken care of by the men themselves. We have
six Red Cross workers on the island--3 men and 3 women and yet to see any good
done by them. I have wondered what percentage of money donated actually reaches
the purpose for which it is intended. The people are being hoodwinked.
There have been a few laughs--although we deeply regret the incident--about the
South Dakota running up on a reef and ripping out her bottom. She is newly
commissioned --and will have to return to Pearl Harbor for repair. She set out
in the morning after the party--refusing a pilot--and subsequently met with her
misfortune. We think our party might have been responsible for this accident.
Purple death--Wow!!
We were all heartened yesterday when we heard that mail was in but were let
down--as it was Navy mail. Morale has been low in the outfit and something is
needed to pick it up.
The two casualties brought from the Solomons are doing nicely.
The recently commissioned battleship “Washington” is in--and is apparently
going out soon as they are loading supplies. Mail is also in and we will
probably get it tomorrow.
We had an officers meeting today. We discussed the guard situation and also
mess. We have decided to have a mess committee to improve the eating conditions
of all.
I am pinch-hitting as AOD for Captain Johnson this afternoon.
Sept 16th--received mail from home last night and today from Pop, Eula, Frank,
Margaret, Rose, Edgar, Aunt Marge and Mary Nelson. The news is good. Everyone
is fine. It will be a great day when we get back home again.
Sept 17th. We expect more mail to come up today--as another mail ship came in
yesterday. Feast or famine. I’m delaying my correspondence until all of it is
here. Had a very poor night last night getting asleep--the flees were like
vultures.
A Lt. Col of the marines gave a lecture to the Commanding officers pf the task
force. Contrary to radio reports, invasion pf the Solomons was a flop and the
featured are very discouraging. The marines on landing at Guadalcanal sunbathed
and shot coconuts out of trees.. The men consisted of recruits called to
service last spring and were young, irresponsible, undisciplined. When supplies
were placed on the beach--supposedly about 5 ft high and 1/4 mile long--the
marines and Navy had a squabble as to who was to move it. The navy was supposed
to be back on board in 16 hours--instead it took 3 days to get back--giving the
Jap Navy time to assemble and sink 6 cruisers--4 American, 1 Australian, 1
Britain, with a loss of about 1200 lives. When the Japanese planes came over
Hell broke loose and there was shooting in all directions
indiscriminately--shooting even in the direction of the other allied ships.
However 23 Jap ships were brought down--i.e. all of them. On arriving at the
island--there was no opposition---there no Japs to be seen--only coolies who
ran to the hills and hid. One solder stepped on a coolie who dug a hole and
buried himself almost completely with dirt and straw.
At a landing on one place--the Japs raise the white flat--a Lt. Col.--and 23
others (including an MD) went to the meeting place in two boats. On landing at
the appointed place, the Col. dismissed the boats and told them to return at 12
noon the following day. After boats had gone--the Japs opened fire--and killed
all except a sergeant and a corporal who escaped by swimming back. The marines
went in down and killed all the Japs. No mercy was shown. At one landing place,
20 boats were beached with troops. That evening a ranking officer went to the
beach and counter 35. He inquired where the other came from. Fifteen---the
difference were Jap boats. The Japs had landed in the dark unobserved.
The marines were at a loss as the Japs were shooting from the tops of the
coconut trees./ However they soon settled the situation by ramming the trees
with their tanks and shooting the Japs “on the wing” as they fell. When they
ran out of ammunition or bayonets got stuck they went after the Japs with
knives--unmercifully--to avenge the treachery and to void more.
After the cruisers were sunk the Jap force turned to North Carolina (previously
recorded), the NC sunk four pf their cruisers.
The marines were told before landing to destroy all Jap installations. However
they needlessly went too far, destroying valuable instruments which could have
been put to good use by our own forces including an expensive radio and
flashlight.
Thirty four bombers were destroyed (Japs). There was a total loss of about 98
Jap planes to 19 American. However, the whole invasion was ill planned--with
very little planning-revealing lack of discipline with poor leadership--and
poor coordination between the different services--resulting in great loss of
life and property unnecessarily. We can’t with this war if practices like this
continue.
The task force had stopped at the Keys to practice landings. The officials went
ashore to make arrangements--but then because of some more powerful Fijian
politicians, so that they wouldn’t have to move the natives away from a
desirable area--the force was given a rocky beach to practice on--which
resulted to damaging 20 our landing boats.
It’s going to be a long war.
Sept 18th--The people at home now think that our engagement in the Solomons was
a big success. If they only knew. I received some more mail yesterday,
including a letter that I sent Ed on July 27th which was returned as unclaimed.
It must have traveled about 20,000 miles--there and here. I have written three letters
so far. Rose sent me a 1 lb. box of Sherry’s chocolates--and are they good.
We had practice exercises today--informed that we were to receive 250
casualties. Gets one thinking how you would conduct things if such an event
were actual.
Sept 19th--Uneventful day yesterday--wrote several letters in the afternoon.
Quiet evening at the club. Played Gin Rummy with Dinger. Wore socks over pajama
bottoms last year but was bothered by fleas nevertheless. The nuisances bother
me every night.
A member of the War Dept. is visiting this morning. Reason?
Sept 20th--Uneventful day. Was groggy from censoring mail. Had a couple of
drinks with Grove and Graft and went to the club and played Gin Rummy with
Schlein. Won one dollar. Mass at 6:20 this morning. Raining pretty hard for the
last hour. No work for me this Sunday afternoon.
I spread naphthalene on my bed and on the bed and floor and chairs and had a
relatively good nights sleep.
Sept 21st --Read and swam and basked in the sun yesterday afternoon. Had a few
drinks in Graves tent--went to the club and lost $13 in poker. A lot of
gambling goes on--one enlisted man won 3000 (illegible) . One of our own men
has won over $1200.
The N. Carolina is in. Four bodies were removed and buried on the island.
Moving pictures were taken to show the family that they had a decent burial.
Received 3 more letters--which had gone astray from Margaret, Rose and George.
Mary --my maid--presented me with four tapa cloths which she has made. Has been
raining rather hard for the past day--slept with my flaps up--and luckily did
not get wet.
One of our sergeants was called today to go back to the states. Its a fine
break for him--so now he is on his way.
Received a letter from Margaret today postmarked June 1st--almost four months.
Sept 22nd--Storm yesterday--wind and rain--coconuts and leaves all over.
Cluster of coconuts fell on my tent. I thought that the skies were falling.
Terrific noise. Would have killed anyone its way. Today it is sunshiny but
muddy.
Spent the whole night in my tent--played Gin Rummy with Schlien--won a
dollar--and then read. Slept peacefully in spite of the raging storm.
I have to mount the guard today--start as O.D. at 4 P.M.
Rumors that we are going to be sent back to the states--but I don’t believe
them.
Sept 23rd--It is 6 A.M.--crisp but promising to be a good day. Was up at 5 and
awoke all of the men--made rounds at the rock and blowhole post. Mounting the
guard went smoothly yesterday. It was quiet last night so I retired early and
read for a while. No body takes the alert seriously--as there is no sign of
activity anywhere.
Sept 24th--Uneventful day--relieved of the guard at 4 PM. Lost 1.25 to Saypol
at Gin Rummy at 1/4 cent a point.
The Navy says that the Hornet and another aircraft carrier has been sunk.
Sept 25th. Ancient movie last night--Queen of the Mob. Loudspeaker broke down
several times. Poor show. Had a busy time frame. Was at my battle station at
about 5:45 AM and spent the whole day in Receiving alone as Grove went to (illegible)
to buy supplies--steak, etc. for a picnic. He was all worn out when he got
back. Reminds me of how I used to run about when building the club. We expect
to have the picnic on Monday--3 days hence.
Sept 26th--Quite a busy day--in receiving until after 4 PM. Took Bill’s place
this afternoon as I am going on a picnic with “Cafe Society” tomorrow
afternoon.
Both the Wasp and the Jarvis--a destroyer-- are said to be sunk. The Jarvis has
been officially announced. The Wasp sinking has not been disclosed as yet. A
torpedo is said to have struck its magazine and it blew up. Both of these were
in port about seven weeks okay. Only 50 men out of about 2100 are said to have
been saved.
Tekit Tekit brought my bracelets yesterday--10 in all. I hope to have some
rings made for Pop, Ed, Uncle Jim, Harry, Frank, and Jerry.
I have a good collection to send home--bracelets, Kava cups, grass skirts, tapa
cloths, beads, and sheets.
Sept 27th--We held a party last night with local dancers. It was a failure--and
a disappointment to most. Got home rather early--before midnight. Spent the
morning in receiving. I don’t believe I’ll go on the picnic this afternoon.
Will probably sit around and read. “Tonga Lil”-- Dr. Bailey's half cast
daughter was present and danced.
Sept 28th Yesterday was quiet--Receiving in the morning--read and sleep in the
P.M. Had a few with Alley in the evening--and to bed at about 9 PM. Had a good
night’s sleep.
Sept 29th--Went on a picnic with Alley, Jones, Ben Farmer, Grove and Graff yesterday
afternoon. Had a fairly good time although it rained intermittently and we were
occasionally enveloped in a spray from the Blowholes. We could not use the
beach and had to make our fire about 50 yards back because of the rough ocean
and spray. To cap it all. I had a sore throat and a mild feeling of general
malaise. We had steak which was in the tough side, onions, bread, butter, beer,
purple punch, and shelled walnuts. We returned at about 5:30 PM. We had a
movie, “no Nannette” which I had seem about 3 years ago. It was pretty
good--but we got a little wet as it drizzled and rained.
Sept 30th--Quiet day--read in the afternoon--To the club last night--where it
was very dull. Session was Father Lynch--then to bed. My cold is worse--in my
nose and chest now.
Very beautiful red lilies are in season now. They are of a
deep red--and good about 4-5 on a stalk. I've never seen anything like them
before.
Some planes were in the harbor yesterday practicing strafing
of ships.
Oct 18th--We have only half of our air force now--about 12 pilots and planes.
The Japs are said to have landed at Guadalcanal. I'm afraid we are going to
have plenty of casualties.
Mailed the package yesterday-- and wrote a letter to the family and then
invested in some clothing at the PX--socks, shorts, handkerchiefs, boots and
caps.
There was a party at club last night for the Hunter Leggett Officers. It was
not as good as our past parties--However I enjoyed the orchestra music (147th
Inf orchestra). I had had about 3 1/2 qts of New Zealand beer---most while
playing Gin Rummy with Jim in his tent before the party.
I received my uniform allowance of $150 yesterday and will send a money order
at the beginning of the month.
Oct 19th--Rumor running about that Guadalcanal has fallen to the Japs--15,000
troops are said to have landed. These rumors have not been confirmed.
Went to a movie down at the naval base yesterday afternoon--Went down in the
truck with about 6 others. “A Gentleman at Heart”. Played Gin Rummy with a
Schleiss and won a dollar.
The morale is slipping and about 6 of the men are taking strongly to drink and
wander about drunk all day. There will probably be a lot more before this is
over. Harris’ tent went up in flames last night--the whole front flap and
mosquito net were ruined--it happened about midnight and Gardener and Johnson
were suspected of setting it ablaze. There are no other officer’s tents to
replace it. A mean trick if it were intentional.
I saw the Barnett in the harbor yesterday--and would give almost anything to be
embarking for the states.
Watermelons are in season now. --Complaints came in that the natives are
missing a lot of them from the adjoining property. Watermelons cost $1 for 24
lbs.
Day has been going about in acute depression since the General would not permit
transference to the paratroops.
Some airmail arrived last night but I did not get any.
The weather has been getting progressively hotter--but very cool at night. I
have been reading behind my tent--and have been gradually acquiring a tan.
Oct 20th--Today is Eddie's birthday. I hope that he will have many many more.
The 147th is moving out--probably to the Solomons.
Twenty-eight ships are said to have been sunk at Pearl Harbor--and 2000 were
killed in an administration building which collapsed.
Saw a relatively good movie last nite, “Dangerously They Live.”
I had a close-up of a young flying fox yesterday. It was about 6” long--with a
wingspread of about 20”--claw like feet-- covered c’ fur and it also had a
tongue. The head looked like a foxes. The wings were membranous. The face was
rat-like.
Oct 21st--There is plenty of activity going on--The 58th Pursuit Squadron has
been alerted--and is going to be replaced by New Zealanders. The 1st Battalion
of the 147th has gone--and the 3rd has been alerted--the 147th will be no more
when they are gone; the 2nd battalion is at Suma. They will all probably see
action in the Solomons.
Our task force is under General Harmon who is stationed at New Caledonia. We
might be moved out after all.
They say that 100 WAACs from New Zealand are expected here in the island and
they will be welcomed.
Our nurses in general are of very poor quality--inefficient--irresponsible,
altho there are some good ones. There is a lot of friction amongst various
groups, and they have a very poor leader who should have been removed before we
embarked. For the most part they are a coarse group and are much provoked because
the doctors pay very little attention to them. I maintain that things would be
much better if men were given a short course on nursing in the states---to go
overseas as nurses, and to leave the womenfolk at home. We’d be much better off
without them.
Oct 22nd- The 147th is not heading directly to the Solomons but is going to an
island about 200 miles N.W. of Fiji-- and about 500 mi from the Solomons.
(Santa Cruz)
One of our nurses, Miss Callahan, was married yesterday. Until almost 2 mos.
ago this was not permitted--She married a lieutenant in the 77th C.A.
I wrote to Gladys Ojida yesterday-in response to a letter I received about 10
mos ago-. It will probably take quite some time to reach Santiago, Chile.
The public at home, according to reports. (radio, magazines, newspapers) think
that everything was in our favor in the Solomons--- However, the Japs are
preparing an offensive which I believe will recoup the islands without much
difficulty. A few weeks ago the Washington was the only battleship in that
area--and she left because it would have been suicide to remain. Tonga has been
in the past the rendezvous for our fleet before entering into the Theater of
Operations. There has been no such activity in months. The taking of the Solomons
was no great victory as is commonly believed.
Oct 23rd--We lost two more destroyers in the Solomon area in the past few
days--the Meredith and the O'Brien. A few were lost on the Meredith--but all
were saved on the O'Brien.
Ralph made a 2-1 bet ($10 - $5) that we would be here next Oct 22.
I was asked this morning to discuss Meningitis at the Medical Conference on
Tuesday. Mac is going to present two cases of meningitis in the hospital.
We have been seeing many cases of Atypical (virus) Pneumonia. I have three
cases in my ward now.
Oct 24th--Worked up part of my paper in the morning--A swim in the afternoon,
then went to a party on the farm, celebrating Bob Ackerly’s wedding
anniversary--. We went down in a truck--about twelve of us--Cols M. C. Kelvy, +
Hattan, Majors Jones, Curtis, Preston, & Slattery and Ackerly, Capts
Benjamin, Alley, Schleson, Saypohl + Legett and Graff, Lts, Grove and myself.
The farm consists of several acres of clearing--with a large trim lawn, tennis
court, a nicely planned house with an open veranda on the side, leading into a
screened bedroom. There were a couple of other houses--kitchen, barn, and a
vegetable patch. The cleared area is surrounding by acres on acres of dense
coconut trees aligned uniformly.
We started off with whisky sours concocted to suit our palates by Bob Preston.
They were both excellent and potent and the party speedily developed into a
state of loquaciousness, well being and good fellowship. We had the best meal
I've had since we left the states, consisting of steak, onions, mashed
potatoes, succotash, fresh tender corn (grown on the farm)-- ice cream &
cake and coffee, and rounded off with an excellent cigar. Employed at the farm
is a New Zealand white about 45 or 50 who stayed when the rest were evacuated.
He landed on Tonga Tabu 23 years ago-- married, and has a daughter now serving
as ambulance driver in England. We asked him how he happened to come to
Tonga--and he said “Wanderlust“--but there may have been something else behind
it. The farm is 54 yrs old and belonged to a German--who was sent to N.Z. as he
was an alien although he tried to obtain British citizenship. Germany also
refused--so he is actually a man without a country.
When I returned I took over the O.D. job which Finnegan was holding down for
me. At about 12M I was awakened --and Father Calais and a told me that a woman
was very ill and wanted me to go to see her. I dressed--and went--gathering
information on the way--. I thought I was going to encounter, from the story an
obstetrical problem--but when we arrived at the hut we could hear an infant
crying lustily--it had just been born a minute before I arrived. I went in--and
found the native lying on the floor--with the baby--crying lustily and lying on
a dirty mat, the cord was still intact. I left--after seeing that every thing
was all right. I was wondering what I could have done--if there was a
problem--without instruments. I suppose I could have gotten along all right.
I returned to bed and could not sleep--tossed for 1/2 - 3/4 hr.--and realized
that I had an attack of Paroxymial aurecular tachycardia, which took some time
to control by suprabarbital, ombutal and carotid sinus pressure. I was awakened
twice after that, once for a fractured nose, and once for a extensive burns,
which I referred to the Surgical OD.
October 25th--Further work on my paper-- a swim in the afternoon. Gin Rummy
during the evening with Saypol. Slept like a log last night. Wrote a letter
home last note. Received one by air mail from Jeanne Waldron.
Radio reports are encouraging.
A New Zealand Ace is stationed here at the airport-- 13 1/2 Messerschmitts to
his credit. The airport will be manned completely by New Zealanders our men are
moving up to the front. There is a great chance that the unit or part of the
unit will go soon also. Although the climate here is wonderful and days are
spent pleasantly--I would like to move on. The nights here are very dull-- and
there is very little of interest left.
Oct 26th received mail from Pop, Eula, Margaret, Rose, Aunt Marge--the last
date was Sept. 15th--almost 6 wks. ago. Expect that more will arrive soon.
Yesterday was quiet. I read most of the day and played cards at night.
It has been raining lightly and two ropes on my tent broke because of
shrinkage.2
Oct 27--Wrote some letters home---went for a swim. Then a movie at night. Beat
Jim at Gin Rummy.
Was called to see a native in labor at about 1130 PM. Had to pick up some
equipment and waited around until about 2. She has not made any progress--as
yet--as I just stopped down to see her. In order to examine her I had to have
all the lights removed and had a doozy of a job. Will drop back again this
morning
700 N Zealanders are said to have come in yesterday--mainly the air force. More
expected, including WAACs and Infantry.
October 28th--A Major Leighton who is making a tour of the South Sea Islands
informally informed us that this unit will remain in the South Seas for the
duration. (The South Sea comprises the area between the Equator and the South
Pole and Pitcairn Island and the Coral Sea). He thinks that this might be
converted into a Base Hospital--but is also high on the list to move. He
believes that some of us might be detached and that one surgeon of the group is
scheduled to leave. (We don’t know whom yet.) If converted into a base hospital
more doctors and nurses will come in.
Another of our warships was sunk and an aircraft carrier damaged in the Solomon
area --a British broadcast stated last night.
The alert was shifted up an hour since dawn is now at 430. was awakened twice
during the night--since I was O.D.--and rightfully could have remained in
bed--but I got up anyway. Because of the heat--the customary officers meeting
and medical meeting was cancelled.
October 29th--The Navy has announced the sinking of the Wasp. The Meredith was
also sunk at about the same time. They were here together a few months ago
before sailing for the Solomons.
Our purpose here, we have learned, is to protect the sea-lanes between the
states, New Zealand & Australia.
The Hornet is said to have been damaged a few weeks ago.
There are three divisions in the Solomons: there are 3 battleships to a
division--with aircraft carriers, cruisers, and destroyers, so it seems that we
have plenty of strength for a sea battle.
Arising before dawn is quite a chore.
Oct 30th---The weather has been very hot and heavy with humidity and we are
being initiated into real tropical weather which will be in its fullest form in
a month or to. As we arise very early we should be able to finish the bulk of
our work before it becomes real hot during the morning.
The water yesterday was fine--but there were too many in swimming to really
enjoy it--but it was much cooler at the blowholes.
We had our pictures taken yesterday in groups for the newspapers at home. I was
in three groups--The Long Island group (Nassau County Daily News), the Brooklyn
group and the Cornell Group--all for the benefit of building up morale at the
home front.
There will be a tea for the WAACs (Woman’s Auxiliary Army Corps) on Saturday.
We could stand something new to stimulate interest here.
I often wonder just how long this will continue. The ennui, particularly at
night---is especially bad. It would be impossible to leave here--as the C.O.
would not recommend a transfer if application were submitted.
Some of the fellows are beginning to feel this war as members of their family
are being drawn in. It makes a lot of difference--.
There is a big battle going on in the Solomons with heavy loss on both sides.
Division consists of 1 aircraft carrier, 3 battleships, 10 cruisers, 3
destroyers. We are said to have 3 divisions in the Solomon area.
Oct 31st---The news from the Solomons is bad--our forces are withdrawing--and
they are ambushing as many as they can. It seems as though all of our losses
have been for naught--and further promises that this will be a very long war.
If they take the Solomons again--all our forces moved into the adjacent islands
will be jeopardized.
This island might be subject to attack as it defends our shipping lane. We had
a medley group---Americans, New Zealanders, Tongans, the navy. Orders came out
that we are to obey superior officers of the NZ group--and their enlisted
personnel are to take orders from superior officers of the U.S. Army.
Am reading a good book, “The Citadel” by Cranen
Nov 1st--Contrary to yesterday’s report, our forces have not withdrawn from
Guadalcanal--but the Japs have packed up and have left. The marines are said to
have the situation well in hand.
I received two letters--one from Pop and from Rose--and I responded. I was
happy to hear from both. I have received very little mail lately--probably due
to the service.
Our holding the Solomons means a lot to us as it means that we are that much
nearer the end.
These have been personality changes amongst some of the men due to this
peculiar way of living. I am content to read and write most of the day and pass
my time pleasantly enough that way.
There was a tea yesterday for WAACs yesterday afternoon but I did not attend. I
attended mess at 5:30 AM--this morning after recall from the alert.
I bought an alarm clock, which is ticking merrily away above me. I hope it can
stand the early morning moisture, which penetrates into everything.
Receive cigarettes from Frank the other night. Have a good supply now.
Nov 2nd--
The alert was staffed from 4:30 to 5:30 as the Japs have withdrawn from
Guadalcanal and are progressing northward instead of eastward in our direction.
There was more sense--although we did not like it--to go on the alert in dawn
4:30 earlier since that is when attacks are made. The Japs had many ships
damaged and although not mentioned I guess we had ours. One of our aircraft
carriers was sunk--probably the Saratoga or Hornet.
I has been drizzling intermittently for the past week.
Have been winning consistently at Gin Rummy--although I lost 15 c to Willy the
other night.
If the Japs had taken the Solomons--our outlook here would not be too good as
they would probably have headed toward the Fiji, Samoa, Tonga group--as was
recently believed they would do.
Nov 2nd--Rained for about 8 hours yesterday. Medicine in the morning--and
finished The Citadel in the afternoon. It was enjoyable but cynical-- dwelling
on the deficits of medicine, but giving very little to the rich part. The book
would give the that medical profession is farce--a misrepresentation.
I am pretty well fed up with the place and I don’t know what I would do if I
did not have books to resort to as a form of escape. The other men use cards
and drink. I am glad that I have not resorted to the latter. It is an easy
thing to do. I believe that I have been spending my time most profitably.
It rained like blazes yesterday--and I had no chance to tryout my new knee
boots which definitely came in handy.
We are said to have damaged or sunk 7 Jap war ships--2 aircraft carriers, 2
cruisers, 2 battleships--1 destroyer at Burma Harbor. One aircraft carrier
noted as sunk--was sunk in the Santa Cruz area where the 134th went.
Reports are optimistic and I hope there is foundation for them and that we will
continue our drive.
Nov 4th--The Allies have taken Kakoda, New Guinea--and reports from Aprea---
are good. Yesterday was an ordinary day without anything unusual occurring.
Sent a pair of shoes to Edgar--at Deca Tow field.
Played G.R. with Jim and beat him 3 out of 4 last night.
Went swimming yesterday afternoon--the water was very rough--and high--was on
the spot once--but managed to get out all right.
Nov 5th
Routine day yesterday--has been showering intermittently.
We’ll have to find some form of exercise---building up too much excess energy.
Calisthenics would not be bad. Reminds me of Fort Dix when we used to get up at
630, put on a shirt, and have calisthenics in front of the barracks during cold
mornings of February and March. It was more punishment than exercise. We used
to vie with each other to see would find something new to buy at the O.M.--and
since were were at first scheduled for Europe, we invested in woolens, etc. The
day after Day and Stratberry ordered and bought overcoats, we changed to this
tropical force.
Spent last evening in my neighbors tent. Pierce, Vand and Storm, listening to
the radio. The music was good. Retired at 9.
Nov 6th
Good news from the African front—the British have captured 9000 prisoners—and
one general. The leader of the African Corps (German) was killed.
There was a double header movie last night, “Meet the Champ” with Hugh Herbert
and a Charley McCarthy picture—from 7-10.
Jim and others have been giving the Tongans Red Cross Lectures. Have gave them
an examination the other day—the final question was “Should the mother or
grandmother chew the infant foot before giving it to him.” In the past that was
quite a custom here—and consequently the infant and child mortality was high
from it. And other diseases spread from the chewer.
I have read a synopsis in the Readers Digest “A Donkey Inside” by
Bemelmans—about Ecuador. It brought back many memories of last year. There is
also an article on Peru in The National Geographic which I enjoyed very much
for the same reason. I would not be surprised if many of the men with whom I
sailed with are dead now as the casualties in the Merchant Marine are high.
Our 36 day trip—blacked out at night—from Dec 7th on was rather
treacherous—zigzagging and changing our direction—there and back. We would have
been helpless, unarmed—if we met any hostile craft. We had frequent boat drills
but everything went along uneventfully-in spit of being followed by an unknown
ship which we were able to lose one night. I had made up some extra first aid
satchels in case of emergency.
I won a dollar from Gapol--Dewey won.
Nov 7th--“Victory is absolute and complete”--so says the British Commander in
African. A German General Von Sturman has been killed--and several others
besides 9000 Italians and Germans captured--250 tanks captured, 400 planes
downed, transports sunk--100,00 lbs of shipping in all destroyed. The first
good substantial victory of the war.
Visited a Bazaar at the Wesleyan Church but did not buy anything as I was a bit
too late and they just had tapas--of which I have already bought enough.
Slept all afternoon--. Was OD last night--called about 12:30-- sloshed through
the mud to receiving. The patient said the he felt a supra clavicular lymph
gland rise into his throat and choke him when he lay down--after examining him
I sent him ward 30 (Psychiatric)--Hys. Was awakened later-- an M.P. had a truck
driver whom I was supposed to test for drunkenness--as he slipped off the road
and crashed into a tree which any sober driver might do---the roads as they
are. In spite of signs of acute alcoholism, I denied that he was drunk as they
would have court martialed him. There is plenty of drunkenness amongst officers
which goes unnoticed and is covered up. The private seemed very grateful.
The island is just a mass of mud--and puddles. It has rained frequently and
hard during the past four weeks No wonder anything will grow here. The soil is
very fertile and gets plenty of water.
I slept through alert today as I was up during the night. Wrote to Jim Hoyt of
WR Graci yesterday.
Am reading, “My Son, my Son.”
Nov 8th--A New Zealand soldier crashed and was killed yesterday by hitting
coconut trees.
Went with Jim last night to see a pt in Vatna--pregnant-- and supposed to be
having trouble. When we got there a group of at least 20 were sitting around
the room and she was crying and putting on a good show for them. It seems as
though some one (her husband) crossed her during the day. She was moaning and
groaning. Was about a pt. myself after the ride in the back of the jeep.
A pt died last night--subphrenic abscess following subtotal gastrectomy.
The news from abroad is excellent. There was a notice in the news to be ready
since “the war seems to be taken to the Axis-to move at a moments notice“. The
notice read--”Since the election is over--etc.“ From which we are bound to
gather that activity was held up until we had our elections in the States.
Votes--not lives-- seem to be of greatest importance it seems.
Gave Jim a trimming at G.R. last night. Went to bed at about 10--read for a
while-then tried to go to sleep after taking a phenobarb--but the fleas were
attacking in full force--was bed was made up improperly, and the wood was
flapping back and forth the forced the fly in the tent. flaps. Got up several
times--and finally did fall asleep. Bad idea to nap in the afternoon. There is
mail in which has not come up yet.
From the way things look now, we might not be here next year!!
Nov 9th ---Attended an autopsy--and also saw the charred remains of the New
Zealand flier--who was a non commissioned pilot. There are varying versions of
how he crashed. His plane shot up in flames on crashing--and the machine gun
went off. There was nothing left but char. A Tongan man was brought in last
night--shot accidentally--the bullet went through both hips traversing several
loops of terminal ileum and the surgical operation and transfusion did not help
and he died soon after.
Trutt and Kassa went to a party given by the Queen. There were a parrot--which
they had for 24 hrs. before it died. Joe looks very mournful digging a grave
for it. Although it looked very scraggly when they brought it home--I believe
they gave the finishing touch by overfeeding it.
Received some mail yesterday but not much. There has been a let-down. Troops
have landed on the north and west African coast--the President has appealed to
the French not to resist. It seems as though we are actually doing things now.
November 10th--Started from New York 7 mos. ago yesterday. Six months ago today
we landed on Tonga Tabu. Algeria has asked for an armistice in response to the
Presidents plea. Vichy France has broken off relations with the U.S., meaning
it will resist the US in Africa. They are still cleaning up in Egypt and Libya.
Received some magazines from Frank yesterday--a nice gesture.
November 11th-- A rumor spread that the allies have invaded Italy and France
yesterday but undoubtedly it is untrue as it was not confirmed over the radio.
The 3rd battalion--147th infantry--left yesterday, presumably for the Solomons,
leaving the 134th CA and the 77th CA behind. We wont have many left to take
care of if this keeps up.
Received a package from Rose Anne-- Toffee from Pop and magazines from Frank.
Marvin bought a lamp yesterday (Aladdin) cost--$18--gives very good light and
will come in handy.
Saw our group photos yesterday--most have turned out well--but a few have to
retaken. Our B’klyn picture will be retaken today.
Nov 12th
-Admiral Darlin of the French Fleet--totally Nazi was captured and is a guest
of our generals. The Bay of Tunisia gave the U.S. permission for our forces to
go there, that that country to go through that country and nearly all of N.
Africa is in our control.
Hitler has spread his troops all over France. Churchill states that this is
definitely our second front.
If the Normandy had not been sabotaged, we would probably be in Europe now. I
have been asked to write a recommendation for one of our enlisted men. He wants
to join the air corps.
The 147th has left --and will undoubtedly see action.
Nov 13th (Friday)- We
were put on a 15 minute alert yesterday (Had to be 15 minutes of the camp) as a
Jap cruiser and destroyer were sighted at a distance 2 hrs. from the island.
They were headed this way. The ship bearing the 147th didn't leave port on this
account. Eight of our planes were sent out to get them--but failed to find
them.
One of my patients--a colored fellow with chronic arthritis died following
tonsillectomy. He had profuse bleeding during the operation. The carotid was
legated to control bleeding. It stopped but on the ward started again. Last
night he was admitted to the OR to clamp the bleeding--he went into
laryngospasm and died in spite of a tracheotomy. I hope that this will be the
last one.
Was awakened at about 430 A.M. by the bugle and voices. The enlisted men’s_
club was up in flames--about the biggest blaze I've seen--like a dried
Christmas tree. The wind was blowing in our direction--but was not strong--or
else it could have destroyed our camp. It was burnt to the ground.
The news has been excellent--Admiral Darlin was Commander of all Vichy French
forces and he told them to lay down their arms. However Petain is urging them
on. It looks like the beginning of the end. I hope that they will collapse real
soon.
If I had not joined the unit I’m sure that I would be captain by this time. The
men back in the States are going up fast. It hardly seems fair that the men who
have been out for several years receive the same appointment --as the men just
graduating. Doctors in the first place should start out with a higher
rank--since they are usually older than the average 1st Lt. Should be earning
more (relatively) due to expense of education, and are more educated than
equivalent ranks in other units. There is a big discrepancy. Promotions--they are
coming very slowly and it seems as though I will never be advanced. Our unit
commander has shown little or no interest in pushing his men. He said before
leaving New York that all 1st Lt should be advanced after overseas for 6 mos.
It is seven months now with no prospect. As a leader he is a failure. He has
the respect of no one--and we would fair much better without him. Enough for
that. I could go on all day--but there’s no sense to that.
Nov 14th--The news still is very encouraging in all fronts--and the Nazis are
on the defensive for the 1st time. A foreboding of success emanates from a
passage in Hitler’s speech in which he sated he would not leave the country as
the Kaiser did in the last war.
I read in Readers Digest that shippers have to obey instructions set down by
Govt Officials i.e. course, blackout regulations, Capt Gruff of the Clara after
war was declared was instructed to proceed to Jacksonville and along the coast
of Florida then through the canal. Instead he took a course between Haiti and
PR (Mona Strait). Disobedience is punished by revocation of license if their
ship is sunk.
I have a new maid as I fired Cinderella. Marie is rather an attraction, tall
girl of more intelligence than the average She is neat, tends to change a
little more than the rest for her laundry services--but I got her to agree to a
suitable charge 70 cents for laundry and 50 cents for tent keeping per week.
Nov 15th--A party last night--It did not live up to our first few. We did not
have any orchestra as the 147th has left. Left at about 10:30. It ended after
midnight. There were many delinquent for the alert his morning.
Many of the nurses are lost now without the infirmary.
Took the men swimming this afternoon. (None went swimming--air was chilly.)
A New Zealand transfer was in the group. From Dunedin which is in the southern
part of the Lonoke Island. He has been here 3 weeks-. It required 5 days to
make the trip. He is 39--and managed to join up in spite of the age limit of
37. He was hoping to go Egypt or the Solomons--and to their disappointment
learned on the second day that they were bound for Tongatabu. He has three
brothers in Egypt. They are probably seeing a lot of action now.
The men brought a couple of watermelons on the way back from the blowholes, and
sat eating them at the side of the road. The paid 50 c/ for each the size of a
soccer ball.
Nov 16th--Eddie Richenbacher was picked up yesterday after 5 weeks on a rubber
raft after his plane crashed.
Marvin is going out into the field today. A Capt Ward is coming in . This
captain did not even finish his internship--but since he has been in field
work--he has been advanced. It seems wants his cake and eat it to. I suspect
that he will be put in with me although I prefer to live alone.
The news for the past 2-3 weeks has been very favorable with advances on most
fronts and the Russians holding. The French fleet might as yet join up with the
allies-and Spain has sent a friendly letter to the US after the president
notified him that we would not violate the country.
Everywhere one goes in Tongatabu is to be heard the not unusual note of the Tua
Tua as it resounds to the blows of the IKE. The small wooden mallet used by the
makers of tapa cloth. The manufacture of this useful native cloth is one of the
occupations of the native women, who sit for long hours every day, cross legged
before the TuaTua, a smooth peeled trunk of a tree about a foot in diameter
resting on small raised horizontal sticks to give it resilience. TAPA, or GATU
is made from strips of the bark of the HIAPO, a paper mulberry, about three or
four inches wide, which are scraped, soaked for several days, dried, soaked
again and beaten out into widths of 12 to 18 inches of white material. The
pieces are glued together by sticking the edges together with a glue like
substance made from the root of the wild arrowroot. Some of the completed
pieces measure a hundred yards or more in length. Part of the intricate
patterns are imprinted at the time of piecing together, and the r! est are
painted by hand with a stick dipped in a dye made from the bark of the KOKA
tree. Used as mattresses, bed coverings, screens, articles of dress (I saw a
native the other day with a cow-boy like suit made from it) and ceremonial
costumes.
The Tongan women also excel in making mats from coconut leaves, and split
PANDANUS. (Both types are beneath me in the floor.)--the latter are edged with
bright colored yarns--with intricate patterns in the mat proper. These are
handed down from generation to generation, and used in the floors and beds.
The men wear VALAS, a skirt like garment of calico, print, or cashmere,
fashioned around the waist and extending and extending (sic) to the ankles. In
the former days, a kilt of green leaves of the si (SI) plant covered to the
knees the muscular legs of the men when they entered in the brush, or even on
the warpath, but the vala of tapa formed the ceremonial dress. Over the vala,
especially on ceremonial occasions, is wrapped a soft mat which is tied on by
strands of pinned cloth.--Worn by men and women alike. Foolish laws imposed on
the islanders by a missionary who became Prime Minister compelled the men to
conceal their torso beneath shirts, jackets, or other garments--or else
prosecuted rigorously by law.
Copra--(main product) sun dried kernel of coconut. A natives wealth is measured
by his plantation, his home, and the number of fine mats and tapas he
possesses. Liquor is allowed the whites, and in limited quantities to a few
privileged chiefs and men of assured sobriety. The remainder of people cannot
have it and do not feel the lack.
In 1912 the jails of Tonga were overflowing. No room could be made for
more--they were at a loss how to handle the situation which arose as a result
of a law forbidding illicit love--they solved it by not enforcing the law.
Free medicine, education, medical service.
YAMS. (KUMALAS) Sweet potato-
TARO OFA ATU--my love to you
The natives eat the flying foxes which of & taste badly.
Nov 17th--Just came back from making a tour of different outfits with Bob
Acherly attending sick calls. We started at about 6:40 A.M. and sped, jounced
and bounced over rocky roads. It was not so good on an empty stomach.
Heard last night for the first time that a road has been completed from
Washington to Alaska--a distance of 1500 miles in 6 mos. It is remarkable feat
and the Army deserves credit. I hope to take a trip over it someday. Alaska’s
position is now much more secure.
I am reading “Tin Can Island” by Charles Stuart Ramset. It I about the Tongan
group of islands and much about Tonga Tabu.
“The meat is supplied by chickens, pigs, goats, a few cattle, and wild fowl.
The coconut tree provides copra, their drink, the delicious ream from the
grounded nut for preparing food, oil for their hair and body (which when mixed
with scent derived from flowers principally from gipangi, cause a disagreeable,
easily detected odor for the American) and for illumination.
The leaves are used for thatch, mats, and baskets: leaf nets for brooms and
fans, hot sheets for the cooking fire (gives a hot fire and little flame--good
for blackouts as little shading is needed) and drinking bowls. The most useful
tree in existence.
Some yams (KAFIU) attain a length of 8-9 feet in length with a girth of as much
as a 2 feet--growing that length under proper conditions in 9-10 mos.
Breadfruit trees are also plentiful.
The Tongans possess poise and a fine sense of dignity. Their bearing and manner
of life is regulated by a pride of rice, old customs and traditions, love of
family and loyalty to their church and country.
Children call their parents by their first name.
They are naturally cruel to the animals--as they believe that the animals e.g.,
horses were put on the earth as a beast of burden--but without sensation--hence
riding on sores, and other cruelties.
Men beat their wives on occasion but no one things any the worse of them when
the reason demands. The women know what to expect if they misbehave. The
slightest suggest, no matter of remote, of relationships between two
individuals bars their uniting in marriage. This is extended even to non-blood
relatives.
Every boy if he has sisters must on the age of puberty leave his fathers house
and take residence with an outside relative. If he wishes to speak to his
parent while his sister is at home he must do so from the doorway. He may enter
when she leaves. They may speak together if they meet outside. Should the need
arise that she go on a journey, the son may not accompany her, though her cousin
may. These though still enforced--used to be more rigidly endorsed in the past.
The oldest son is the heir and he has considerable influence and control over
his brothers: yet he is like them completely under the domination of his
sister. They pay deference to her, and all of their worldly possessions are at
her disposal and her children.
Marriage is presided by two ceremonies. The first of these is the formal asking
for the brides hand in marriage. The suitor seeks out a suitable
spokesman--prepares an umu (UMU), or basket, of baked figs and yams, takes a
piece of KAVA, and accompanied by his mouthpiece goes off to the house of the
maid o his choice
The second ceremony is the FAKA LE-LEA which is held on the eve of the wedding.
It is kept up until daylight as a precaution against last minute abduction of
the bride to be by another suitor. The wedding ceremony today is perfumed in
Christian Church.
Kava is the visiting card of the islands. It is no more incorrect to make a
call on a chief or attend a ceremony in a state of nudity than it is to go
without a piece of Kava. It is a dried root of a shrub and grows with
cultivation all through the island. The root is beaten to shreds between two
small igneous stones, mixed with water in the Kava bowl and strained though a
bunch of shredded bark of the FA U tree. The resultant mixture is the color of
yellow muddy water. The taste is indescribable. The process of making it is
simple but the ceremony elaborate. The excess use of KAVA results in sore and
discharging eyes and a scaly chalky appearance of the skin. It has no effects
outside of a drowsy dull feeling which readily passes off. However, it is habit
forming.
To the Tongan, death is a punishment merited by his own misdemeanors or those
of a relative. A fatal accident is taken rather fatalistically with the
attitude “It was his day.” Under Tongan law a grave may not be reopened for
another occupant until two years after the last burial. After the funeral, they
have a feast similar to after a marriage ceremony. Throughout the period of
mourning, no singing of love songs or dancing is permitted in the village of
the deceased. The taboo in the case of royalty is applied throughout the land
and lasts for six months.
Nov 18th--The news is fine from the Solomon’s. There has been a big naval
battle going on and the Japs have lost 23 ships including a battle ship,
cruisers, destroyers and 4 transports. The losses are said to be between 20 and
40,000 men. General MacArthur is now in New Guinea.
Some beer and wine arrived last night. I bought a bottle of wine (port) for
$1.25. My maid Marie requested an increase for the laundry so I’m paying $1.00
a wk. and 50 c for tending the tent.
Was O.D. yesterday but slept undisturbed last night.
Nov 20th--Routine day--. Saw a bomber fly by over yesterday. Later learned that
the General was aboard and proceeding to New Guinea for a conference. Colonel
Fishbein is commanding officer in his absence.
The Tongans eat when hungry or convenient. Missionaries tried to enforce on
them regular eating habits. It is against the law on the Sabbath to plant a
flower, gather drinking nuts, to kill an animal or bird, to fish or hunt, to
play tennis, cricket or other game, to sing any ordinary songs, or to do any
kind of work whatsoever (I have to clean up my tent on Sunday) or else fined.
The Pacific Islands did not escape the Influenza Epidemic of 1918. An N.Z.
steamer carried the disease to Nuku’alofa. Sailors from an American vessel
buried them as the natives were too sick and demoralized to do it themselves.
None of the sailors contracted the illness. Th Papalangi (white men) brought
many diseases to the island--and epidemics sprung up due to poor natural
resistance. Roving whalers were the first to bring TB and venereal disease.
Due to public health measures, the population is on the increases. (Rockefeller
Institute and Gov’t Agency).
In cases of illness, the Tongans are very sympathetic--groups of relatives
gather in the house of the patient-sit around the patient--with their den
lights (coconut oil) in their thatched dwellings. The Tongan patient seems to
appreciate company and distraction as a result confinement. At a recent
confinement that I attended- -the whole family and their friends were up with
the patient. And at another when the patient was feigning illness because she
did not get what she wanted--there were at least 20 in a small hut, taking
everything in. Incidentally, this makes examinations rather difficult to
perform.
Throughout Polynesia circumcision is the invariable rule and the Polynesians
look with derision and disgust upon anyone who has not had it done.
Liu Ciga is a form of shark fishing here. From a boat, one calls to the shark
called HINA complimenting her--and using all sorts of endearing terms. Meat as
bait is also used. Coconut shells are rattled under water. Eventually the shark
appears (if the fisherman had not had any scraps at home--or anything on their
conscience)-- and then leaves to return with others.
They are enticed to approach the boat with the endearing terms &
persuasion--and lift their heads out of the water to grasp the bait (meat) held
up alongside the boat. A noose is then slipped over the head and tightened
behind the pectoral fin and the fish is then clubbed to death. If it should
fail to approach the boat--one of the natives dives overboard---approaches it
and then swims back leisurely with the shark fooling luxury as though charmed
by the procedure---to be trapped and killed.
Saluka (SALUKA) a twist of native drive leaves-- used as a cigar and frequently
carried in various stages of combustion behind the ear (They have great faith
in this procedure).
Nov 20th --Routine day-. Movie called off last night because of rain.
Stansfeldt and I finished my bottle of port. Played Gin Rummy with Jim. This
morning hunted for flees on my bed--saw several but was able to catch only one.
Very elusive.
Nov 2nd. Mary just bought me 3 gardenias--which have a very fine scent.
Yesterday she gave me a watermelon. I just presented her with a cigarette
lighter.
The sun is shining nicely but yesterday it was dismal--and rained all day into
the night---it came down very heavily. We sat and drank Port in Steve’s, Van’s
& Pearses ten and retired early. We had a good time, while the rain beat
hard on the canvas above us.
The morale amongst our officers is poor. There has been a personality change in
several--and it's a different group from that which started out. Lack of
work--and organization has caused a lot of dissension. In the army if you
should think--you are lost. The best way to get along is to just follow
along--or else you will be lost in bitterness and resentment. There is plenty
of it here.
One of my ward boys (Isadore Samuel) is critically ill with pneumonia which he
picked up from a New Zealand patient in the ward. One whole lung is involved.
There has been plenty of virus pneumonia in the wards--particularly in the past
two months. A patient admitted with an upper respiratory infection--developed a
generalized pinpoint erythematous rash yesterday---so my ward is quarantined
and I'll get a rest from admitting patients.
Nov 26th Went to a party at the government force club last night and had a good
time. They have a very nice place. Paul Guit was out like a light so I got a
jeep and took him home. Arrived home at about 2 AM.
Nov 27th
Yesterday was Thanksgiving. Sat around in the morning and
went to a beach bout 3/4 mile long at Kolonia where I picked up some new coral.
Arrived here in time for my Thanksgiving dinner whch also served as a dinner
for Lt. and Mrs Anderson who were married recently. The enlisted men’s hall was
fixed up very nicely with beads, coconut fronds, pumpkins, watermelons,
pineapples. A five piece orchestra which was scraped up for the occasion were
not bad at all. Food was abundant. We then saw a movie Tarzans Island Mate.
Stopped in at the nurse's station where we had a few beers. The N.Z aviators
arrived--and Captain Herrod-the RAF ace was with them. He appears to be about
25--and has been shot down five times--once landing in Germany. He has 9 German
planes to his credit. In order to have a plane chalked up to his credit--it has
to be witness. He seems to be a very fine fellow.
I received one or more letters from Fannie Walden
yesterday.
She Vitsal and Whitney and Atlanta (anti-aircraw cruiser)
are said to be sunk and the Washington is also rumored to be gone.
Nov 28
All construction work was stopped on the island yesterday by order of the
General who returned the other day. Rumors spread fast that we were to leave
and spirits were high. Our colonel was called to HQ--but he was very reticent
on his return. All are anxious to move up to the front line or N.Z. or
Australia. The C.A. was ordered to have guns ready for movement--and no lumber
is to be drawn. Dr. Weiland of the Navy was very downcast as he has made many
friends in the hospital--a large convoy is coming in--and we are all hoping
that we will be made part of it before it leaves. However, although something
is in the air, we do not yet know just what we are in for.
The South Dakota is in--and I hear that they have some good tales about the
battle in the Solomon’s.
Nov 30th--There was another party at the Ground Force Club last night but I
could not go as I was Med OD. Several of the men went and had a good time. It
was given for the men of the Battleship South Dakota which first returned from
the Solomon’s after having sunk seven ships. It was hit 40 times on the
superstructure deck. Casualties--40 dead--157 wounded. There are several other
warships in harbor--including the Indiana.
I believe that before long we will be moving up to the front--at last! Nothing
definite has been said--but plans for embarkation are being carried out. I
think that it probably will be New Guinea.
Alley and I were just about to apply for a transfer when the rumors started but
now we will wait to see what happens.
The Blackout Restrictions have been completely lifted---and the alert is over.
We are supposed “stand do” in the mornings at 5:30 now.
Nov 30th The Indiana is in port--commissioned last March. Robert
Montgomery---the actor is morale officer--I met him last night at our officers'
club and bought him a drink.Camops Weeks, a PG was also aboard. He came out to
the hospital for plasma--and was about to leave when hear Robbins name. He was surprised
he did not know that hospital was the P.G. group. It seems almost definite that
we shall be leaving soon and we are apt to see action. The unit might be broken
up. 
Dec 1st My assignment this month is at the airport--. I’ll pack
today and go out tomorrow.
Captain Lynch saw a cablegram at headquarters which read “In view of the
fact that force 0051 is to be disbanded” which is the best evidence of our
moving so far. Charlie Pierce went to the Col. Yesterday in reference
to his application for transfer which he submitted several days ago. The
Colonel told him to sit tight for a week or ten days since we might get orders
to move to New Zealand or Australia and it would be easier to transfer from
there.
This is my last day here at the bivouac area--after a 7 mos.
stay--. I wonder if a tent will ever be my home again. I have become very used
to tent life find don’t mind it at all.
Dec. 2nd Just finished packing and am waiting
for Railpe to come in the ambulance from the airport. As
usual, I had difficulty in getting transportation. Mail is in. I hope
that I can pick mine up before I leave because it may mean a matter
of days before I get it if I leave without it. An order came in
yesterday to choose 10% of the unit to form a cadre to return to the states.
I’d give my right arm to be a member of the party but doubt very much that I
shall be. The cadre will probably be the nucleus of another unit formed in the
states.
It may mean home for Xmas. However, it might be better to stick with
the unit and to go Australia and New Zealand. We expect to hear some
such plans in a few days. If the unit is not split I shall ask for a
transfer as chances for promotion are very poor. I hope to be more than a
lieutenant before this war is over. Men stuck in the states in soft jobs and
there just there for a few months back there are being advanced. I believe
that a promotion is due me.
Jim and I made medical rounds amongst the natives yesterday afternoon. Saw a
child in the terminal stages of tuberculous meningitis-- and another whom we
have been following (Sambo's brother) dying of decompensated rheumatic and
congenital heart.
I am not so set in going to the airport at this time--since our plans are so
uncertain. We might be given the order to move up at any time
Just threw an empty bottle at a rat and upset his equilibrium a
bit--but apparently did him no great harm as he made his getaway in the bushes.
We saw an old man yesterday who was tattooed from the waist down to
his knees in dark blue dye. It was done about 32 years ago in Samoa and was
supposed to be a sign of manhood as it required a great deal of
courage to undergo the pain. Both the word (tattoo) and the practice
originated in Tonga. Obtained three more photographs yesterday. Sent
them by air mail so that they will be home by Xmas.
Dec 3rd
Arrived here at the airport by command car yesterday
morning. Saw my first cricket game in the afternoon. It is slow and different
from any game I have seen. It required about three hours to play 1
½ innings. We bought pineapples--4 for 50 c and they are just about the
sweetest I’ve tasted. Tonga in recent years used to do quite a watermelon
export--but this year not one has gone out since soldiers buy them. The general
is due in today--to oversee the disbanding of the force--he may drop a few
bombshells.
Dec 4th
Quiet day--Received some mail yesterday afternoon. The
General (Harmon) arrived yesterday and has just taken off--returning to New
Caledonia. Went to the hospital last night for a movie--as I had seen the one
playing here.
Col. Meagher is under the impression that we will be here
for another few months. I hope not. I believe it is wishful thinking on his
part.
Dec 5th Went to the hospital in the ambulance with some
patients yesterday. Heard from 3-4 officers that my name was on the list to go
back to the states. Before my hopes rose too highly I inquired of Col
McKelvey whether it was true and found that I was definitely not on the list.
We are definitely going to move, but where or when is as yet
unknown. Some say Fiji, others Noumica (New Cal.), New Zealand and
Australia.
The camouflage here at the airports wonderful--all of the
hut and tents are spread out over a large area but well covered by trees. There
are no coconut trees here. The foliage is thick.
They seem to be a good bunch of men--. However it is hard
getting used to frankfurters and beans for breakfast.
All expressions contain bloody plus other familiar swear
words. They call the infantry “bloody brown blokes.”
I received some packages from home yesterday--a checker game
from Pop in a convenient satchel like box--and some food stuffs from A & S
w/ name.
Hope that we are gone by Christmas.
Dec 6th--Spent a quiet day and a sleepless night as I slept
in the afternoon. Went to the hospital last night via ambulance. The cadre that
will return to the states consists of Kidder, Gardner, Pearce, Horn and
Weinberg, Alley, Elias. Stansfield and I discussed turning in our applications
for transfer but will wait until wee see what the units next move will be. I
heard that orders were issued to dismantle the new hospital--with the hope of
60% salvage.
John picked up two more photographs for me which I shall
send home. Received 4 books from Aunt Marge yesterday. Rather difficult
to sleep at night because of branches striking against the tent roof of
the Quonset hut--and rats nibbling away close by.
Dec 7th--First Anniversary of Pearl Harbor. I heard from
a reliable source the other day that we are using the Japs in Burma
as bait to draw Jap ships into a trap. It would be every easy for the Allied
forces to clean out the remaining Japs as we have about 70,000 troops there
but in order to “save face” the Japs have to attempt to retrieve
their comrades are cut off and starving at Burma.
I examined a N.Z. soldier yesterday for fitness before he was
sent to the brig. He had left a tin can in the cockpit of one of the
planes unintentionally. The pilot after a maneuver found that his “gears” would
not work and had a close call until he dislodged the can. It was a close call.
The N.Z. responsible, which I was glad to hear, got a light sentence--5 days in
the brig. He took it rather hard. Slept poorly again last
night. Scratched--- turned & tossed.
Am reading “Low Man on a Totem Pole,” by H. Allen Smith--very good.
Dec 8th-- Pearl Harbor was just a year ago to-day. Have not heard of any
particular fireworks yet.
Went to the hospital last tonight. Saw a 1st rate picture--The Marx
Brothers. Also picked up some Xmas packages--from Eula, Mom, Frank, and
Nancy, Rose, Dr. Shapiro and staff, and the N.Y.P.G. Social Service Department.
Received medical magazines from Frank today. Took a trip to the hospital again
this morning and returned via Nakua Lofa. No news rumors.
Outside the hut the trees are very dense. And although the sun is
shining brightly, in this area it is almost completely shaded. A
fine camouflage job.
Dec 9th --Am reading “Two feet from Heaven,” by P.C. Wren--and find it quite
good.
Dec 10th--Major Heilman --C.O. of the American Detachment here at the airport
is leaving for headquarters today. A party was given for him last night. I was
made a member of the Short Snorters (SHORT SNORTERS) an allied aviation society
by paying 1 dollar to each of the members present--a total of nine. They all
signed a dollar bill--and I signed each of theirs. The bill is the membership
award and must be carried at all times. If caught without it one has
to pay all members present 1$ each. It takes at least 2 members to
induct a new member. I’ll have to get busy to find new members to recoup some
of the money I paid out last night. Wendell Wallace and Winston Churchill are
members.
Yesterday morning the Queen’s Palace called and requested me to visit one of
her ladies in waiting in VATUA--the adjacent village. As there was no
transportation, I got a 2 1/2-ton truck from the motor pool
and visited to the patient Olivia who is a mild asthmatic. The chief
for the village came and requested through an interpreter that I pull a tooth
which I did very easily as it was loose. This morning I returned and found
Olivia’s condition improve. She speaks very good English. I sat and
chatted with her for a while. She is very stout --a miniature Salote--and
very pleasant. I collected a fee of a hand of bananas and two pineapples.
I learned last night that most of the hospital is to be taken down--32
buildings--leaving 13.
Dec 11th--Received several more packages today from the Maybohm’s, Hendry’s,
Dr. Shapiro and staff again and cigarettes from Mrs. Laurry. The
gifts certainly have been coming in. Margaret sent me a pair of
moccasins which will come in handy and Aunt Marge and Uncle Jim a smoking set.
Visited the hosp this morning and stayed for lunch. A rumor that we are to have
all our supplies sent to the Nukualofa by the 21st.
Dec 12th--Uneventful--Took a walk with Dr. Astringe (R.N.Z.A.F.) this morning
and listened to how Great Britain is winning the war. I suppose, however, that
we are just as bigoted. Last night sat around and read. Seem to have difficulty
sleeping out here--probably because I am used to sleeping in a tent. Hope to be
sent to a civilized place soon--with some noise, activity, night life--
and good fun. There is not much to look forward to from one day to the next.
Had one dollar returned last night by inducting Hugh Stringer into the “Short
Snorters “.
First class mail should be in soon.
Dec 13th--Had a party in the hut here last night--about 4--5 N.Z.
fliers--Dr. Stringer, Capt. Barns, Lt Bolton, Lt. Moore &
myself. Drank Plunk a new NZ term for poor liquor and
played crap. Had a fistful of money-but ended by losing $9.
My two ambulance drivers were court-martialed, i.e. put under arrest by
running off with the ambulance last night. They both have
about 5 court martials to their discredit.
Dec 18th--Visited the hospital this morning and
obtained 5 more plates which I am sending home. Took a ride to
Nuku’alofa this afternoon. --14 miles--just got back--for the purpose of buying
stamps for George. I bought a complete set for almost $1.60. I tried
to buy a Tongan Note but the treasury is forbidden to sell
them. I’ll have to pick some up in a store.
The weather is very hot--and the roads dusty--so thick that it is
hard to see. We made great time--14 miles in 25 minutes. Good considering
the roads.
I watched a Hudson Lockheed arrive this afternoon with a N.Z. Air
Commodore. Very pretty--escorted by two of our fighters. I hope that it
has mail. The General and other from HQ were in the greeting party.
Dec 19th--Spent the evening here and made a concoction with E.
Alc.--Orange Juice and fresh pineapples. It was rather weak--but I slept well
after it.
Dec 20th--Made some more Plunko last night--about 6 of us stayed
here--drank and played crap. I won $10. Bull session until 2 A.. M.--with
Brundage and Capt. Burns. This morning had a mild headache, but it subsided
readily. Visited the hospital. Bought 7 small mats and a
couple of dozen coasters--to send home.
I understand one of our ships was wrecked on a reef and ½ its mail on
board beyond salvage.
Dec 21st Went to a movie At Bat#--77. C.A. last night--had seen
both pictures of the double feature--Guest of Lt. Powers. Gave a lecture on sex
hygiene and did a short arm examination this P.M.
Got lost returning from the movie. After ½
hrs. driving around finally got my bearings. The island
seemed deserted--but finally inquired where the airport was. Had to awaken some
natives to do so.
Dec. 23rd
Went to work at the hosp. The other night—yesterday was great. A native bought
me two pairs of beads. (necklaces) Rest most of the day and last night.
Dec 24th--Xmas Eve--There was a dance at the airport last night. I
had spent most of the day at the hospital--went in swimming at the Blowholes
both in the morning and afternoon. The weather has been hot and sunshiny--and
the roads dusty--so it is a great weight to get in for a dip. Last night went
to the airport in the ambulance with Pearce, Van &
Smercina (77th CA). The party was well under way with
phonograph music, dancing, scotch, gin, beer, wine and Plunko. Within
a short time, we were feeling no pain. I had a fine time. About to go
to our quarters about 1 mile away we found that someone had made off with our
Jeep--so luckily we found a command car--and made off with it.
This morning returned here to the hospital--and found 15 letters awaiting me.
They came by air. The latest date--Dec 11. Spent a couple of hours reading
them. This afternoon --have a trip by jeep with Jim & Dean
to Kolani--we then went down from where we bought some sneakers from the
Navy, smoked tongue at Bruns Phillips as well as alcoholic beverages. Also
picked up a Tongan note and New Zealand Florin. When we got back we
were covered with dust and a shower was in order.
Dec 26th-- On Xmas Eve Jim and I played Gin Rummy and drank wine. I attended
Midnight mass---but left as it was too hot and crowded. Last year the
holidays was spent in Valparaiso. The Xmas spirit is lacking. There have not
been many carols over the air. Yesterday morning it was very hot and
I went down for a swim in the morning. Rex (who was feeling no pain) and Mac
came down. We had a fine time swimming and basking (on-Xmas
morning--mind you!) and Rex invited me up to have a drink. We went to
his room and started off on a drinking bout. A swim in the afternoon.
Last night Jack Kaiser, Rox, Mac, Hutch, Staughton and I went down and stayed
overnight at Bill Smiths. We were well-armed c ethyl--and had a good
time drinking and singing. We invited a few house guests to join us. Rex passed
out. Slaughter disappeared. Anyway we continued late into the night.
I was awakened about 6 and learned by phone that my Sergeant--after an
alcoholic debauch died suddenly last night. P.M.
revealed; revealed nothing significant except gastritis and
duodenitis (probably due to the alcohol). The sergeant was a good man I was
sorry to hear it. That leaves me with one man--as two of them are under arrest.
I was invited to a native party given by the Crown Prince--but I did
not attend. Olivia--the Lady waiting to the Queen carried the message the other
day.
Dec 28th
Had my first airplane ride this morning on a Hudson Lockheed Bomber. It was a
test flight (as I was warned) and we flew ¾ of an hour over the island and
once over Eua--covering about 150 miles in that time. Tonga is very pretty
from the air—all green with small villages speckling it—surrounded by a light
blue ocean. The pilot made some steep banks –I got a little dizzy but otherwise
felt fine. The motor sounds are deafening. I viewed the scene from the gunner’s
turret. We were supposed to take off at 7 AM--(I arrived at 6:15) but since we
were all at the N.Z. Officers club last night drinking beer—the other men did
not fare very well--. After checking up on the plane we took off at
about 10. The hospital stands out and would make a good target from
the air. The ride was thrilling and I am glad I went. We had a good
time last night at the club--. The Austrian beer is very good. I also
picked up some new coins from the Hudson pilot and co-pilot. (Fijian coins)
I did not do much of anything yesterday except to write a few letters.
Dec 29th
Went to the N.Z. Club last night and played poker with the aviators. Lost
$5.
Not much of anything today, however learned that the hospital wants
one officer and 5 enlisted men to volunteer to stay here. Orders were
given to pack everything but a month’s supply. Probably will leave here in a
month or so.
Dec 31st
The last day of an eventful year with the war far from won. I wonder what next
year will bring. Quick victory, I hope.
Spent most of yesterday at the hospital—took a swim in the afternoon. Last
night I visited the N.Z. club—had a few drinks—played crap and won about 4-5
dollars—after almost going broke. I have the gambling
bug—and its bad.
Jan. 1St, 1943
New Year’s Eve spent in Tongatabu. Stringer did not return until late—so I went
over to the club and spent the evening there with the N.Z. Air force. We sang
and drank all evening—the N.Zs. Became quite “brassed” --and we all saw
the New Year in together. After midnight started with Capt. Burns on a
wild hair raising jeep rides to Col. McHeads—of the Tongan Defense
Force—Had several narrow escapes—and on a few occasions I was ready to jump.
Capt. Burns was a little the worse for the wear and tear of the evening—and
reckless. When we arrived there—no party awaited us—and they thought the “Japs”
were descending on them. They all came out in their pajamas—and were excellent
hosts--serving beer, warm and cold roast beef. We left at about three after
seeing Auld Lang Syne again—and preceded to take the wrong route which led us
into Nuku'alofa--. We struck a big pig on the rump during our dash
home—but in spite of everything arrived safely—retired and promptly fell
asleep.
It has been raining very heavily—and it might be ushering in the hurricane
which we were warned to prepare against.
Jan 2nd
Returned to the hospital yesterday afternoon--. New Year’s Day reception at the
mess hall was a failure. Not more than a dozen who received invitations (I
hear) attended. Spent last night playing Gin Rummy and drinking beer
with Jim.
Learned that we are to receive a medal for the battle of the
Solomons. This morning collected my salary—and made rounds on my two
wards. Have just about finished fixing up my room. Am living with
Freddy Graff
Jan 3rd
--A mild hurricane struck last night—gale 125 m.p.h.--Had trouble sleeping
due to wind and surrounding surf. Today—very hot and humid. The
ocean was too rough to venture. C.O. Prohibited our going in.
Jan 4th
Today was quite a day-- learned today that I was on Major Preston and Major
Curtis list to remain here to carry on with the hospital while the rest of the
unit goes on to God knows where.Major Preston was
disqualified because a request is in for the transfer and since Major
Curtis is the only Major who volunteered to stay—he is to be the C.O. However,
I knew that he wanted me to be part of his staff—and although the attractions
to stay are rather numerous I actually felt as
though I would like to move on. Anyway the Chiefs of several went
into a session and selected the men to stay. Matt knew of my
desires, however in as much as I was on two lists I thought
I had two strikes against me. But it all turned out nicely and I am
to go. Curtis, Schein, Benjamin, Alley, Robbens, Warner,
Stubbard, Dranger, Kassat, and Stanfield are to remain behind to
attend a 250 bed hospital--(station) to treat New Zealanders.
Received some air mail tonight from Pop, Eula, Margaret, Rose. I miss Rose and
Margaret.
Jan 6th
It has been raining on and off for days and the mud is deep. I
suppose we are in the so-called rainy season. We never have been able
to find just when it is. Each native as a different answer. The quarters here
are very comfortable—much different than the tents—but we were used to the way
of living and did not mind it.
The Colonel stated that the junior officers who did not try to stay made
a big mistake. There is talk that we are going into the combat area.
I suppose that we won't know until actually at sea.
Jan 7th
Was O.D. yesterday—Slept over in evacuation last night—No calls. Received more
mail from Cassie, George, Margaret and Eula; Magazines from Frank and a package
from Aunt Marge.
Jan 8th
Nothing of any great significance. Rumors that we are going to Espirito
Santo Island—much nearer the fighting—in the combat area.
The men who are in the field and members of the personnel to remain here are to
be called from the field to take over the hospital. We will leave at the first
of the month.
Jan 10th
Things have been rather quiet. We are going to have the personnel who are
to remain take over in a day or two. Curtis is trying to put it off
until we leave.
Jan 11th
Yesterday was our anniversary—8 months on Tonga--. We have been overseas
for 9 months.
There were several casualties yesterday—Seven Tonga boys picked up a 37 mm
shell + struck it with a stick—it exploded –. Two were killed outright and
looked pretty messy + —one was operated on--(... wounds) and the
rest were less severely injured. A colored soldier had the lower part
of his face blown off—when his rifle discharged accidentally. -- His whole
lower jaw is missing. Jim + I went to the native boys' homes—returning the
bodies—and the wailing was terrific.
Met Velie—the queen's step brother—illegitimate son of the former king (dead).
The white women are being returned are being to the island now.
Probable date of embarkation will be Feb. 5th. Destination unknown.
Seventy percent (70%) of the doctors were killed in the Solomons—a
pretty high percentage.
Jan 12th
Routine work in the past two days. My medical ward is full—31 patients and
contagion ward has five.
The latest rumor is that we are going to Fiji where were we will obtain
replacements for the officers + nurses we are leaving behind.
Although we will leave a fine island behind—we'll probably never
be on a better one as far as climate, swimming, and other
facilities—as well as the nice living conditions we have now—I will
be glad to move on—the routine becomes monotonous and boredom weighs
heavily at times. A change of scenery etc. would do us good.
Bora-Bora, an island to the east of us (Bobcat), is said to have been
shelled the other day.
Finished “Signed with their Honor” by Aldridge. Enjoyed it.
Jan 14th
--Nothing new—except that Wally Schliese is not staying but will
remain with the main group.
Went to town yesterday and invested $16 in trousers, sheets, Hanks,
socks, turkey, chicken, and coffee. The food is to be on reserve in case
we go to the Solomons or other place where food will not be very
good.
Trimmed Jim's mustache yesterday and he looks pretty good.
Jan 15th A ship came in yesterday with mail—I received 37
pieces—including Xmas cards--. Letters were from Pop, Eula, Frank and Nancy,
Margaret, Rose, Edger, Georgie, Ann Rudy, Betty Moore, Margie MacMillon. Cards
from Pop and Mom, Cassie, Margaret, Rose, Rose Ann, Georgie, Ann Reeding and
May MacAnn. Derived a great deal of pleasure out of it and will wait
until the air mail arrives before answering. It was all old mail
(Oct.-Nov.) but I was glad to get it.
The American Legion left this AM with the 670th for Fiji where it is going to
pick up more troops and then head for the Guadalcanal. ( struck a reef). Troops
from Guadalcanal all have been evacuated to New Zealand—all have malaria.
We are giving over the hospital to the remaining personnel on Monday, Jan 18th.
Jan 17th
Sunday morning—Since I have been relieved of all
professional duties all of my time is my own. I shall write some
letters to-day. Air mail was expected Wednesday—but they say the
P.B.Y. developed engine trouble and is delayed. We receive our air mail
from Suora, Fiji.
Have been having quite a bit of fun playing Gin Rummy with Dean and Jim.
The weather has been very hot particularly during the afternoon—but
the Blowholes so convenient for a swim. Will miss the blowholes when we leave
here.
The nights are beautiful—Tall coconuts silhouetted against
a star-studded moonlight sky. The nights are comfortable.
Jan 18th
The Bleacher Station Hospital has taken over—13 officers, 15 nurses
and 97 enlisted men. Seargent King has been missing for two days and is
believed to have jumped off the cliff into the ocean. Searching parties have
been out—but have been unsuccessful—He has been depressed for some time. He
was a fine fellow—congenial, cooperative--. They say that he feared
going up to the front.
There is a large group of Warships in the harbor—including 3-4 carriers and we
are probably getting set for another big offensive.
They say that Japs at the canal have agreed to surrender to the Army but not
the Marines as the latter have been keeping very few prisoners. Very rightly so
from the tales told about the Japs.
Jan 19th
Took over for Mac this morning and made rounds at HQ, QM. And the 825th since
he is Adm. OD.
Passed a ceremony down the road—probably a wedding. --There were about 100
natives—and a big pig (150 lbs.) roasted.
The children are on vacation this month—they have another month in June.
Have nothing to do now except to censor about a dozen letters a day which takes
about 20 minutes.
Am going to receive another $100—as a uniform allotment which brings the total
up to $250. Not bad!
Am invited to a party at the airport tonight—along with Elias, Dranger,
and MacMahon.
Jan 20th
Collected $100 yesterday. Am going to put on reserve in case we go some place
where I will need. Preston says we will be out of here in 10 days.
The Japs have still not acknowledged our presence here—and censorship
regulations are the same—I have not seen an American flag since overseas.
Today is Margaret's Birthday.
Was all set to go to the party last night but changed my mind. Stayed here and
played Gin Rummy c\ Jim.
Jan 21st
Spent a leisurely day--. Not much doing for the past 3 days. Jim,
Dean, Aggie Gardner, Rosemary Byrne and I had been having a cocktail
hour. Our supply of Gordons, however, is depleted. We have a bottle
of Scotch which we will start on. I am sending a $300 money order home.
The weather has been very hot--. The water this afternoon was too soupy to
enjoy.
Jan 22nd
The 134th and 825th have been alerted—Storm heard from a medical officer from
Guadalcanal--and has learned that many of the men who left here came down with
malaria.
Lefts received his transfer orders last night—he is to proceed to APO 709 on
the first available transportation. #709 is Guadalcanal.
We will be probably out of here in 2 weeks—I believe Fiji will be the first
stop—from there--who knows?
I have been sitting around--doing nothing but reading, writing, napping. A lazy
man’s life—but not bad.
Jan 24th
There was a party last night with buffet supper in honor of Lt and Mrs. Moore
(Eleanor Sheen) who were married about one month ago. We had a Gin Rummy
contest—I was knocked out in short order by Location. Dean, Jim, Aggie, and I
had Scotch before supper. We may be on the water this time next week.
Freddie gave me a box into which I put a lot of things that I shall not be
needing. I have accumulated a lot of things.
Dean made me laugh while shaving my mustache last night and I ruined the nasal
portion. I had to whittle it down so that it is just a shadow of its former
self.
Jan 24th ---
Tropical heat + sunshine—innumerable coconut,
hibiscus, bougainvillea's creating a deep green
pattern. The warm Pacific, glistening coral, afternoon lethargy, cool
nights, natural rock gardens with various varicolored fish; quite friendly
natives with their discordant harmonious tunes, gay calico, sharp piercing native
scent due to coconut oil and …...occasional showers and typhoons, Tapa, Kava,
Copra; --Rats, flies, lizards; Awe and boredom, Dust and Mud; All in all, a
very favorable inventory—one which would want one to stay—but being consistent
with civilized nature we want to go on.
Guadalcanal, N..., Port Moresby—any place for a change. After we have left I am
sure that we will look back on Tonga as the Paradise it is and wish we were
back here. The uncertainty before us is attractive—disease, violent death may
be in the offering but no one seems to consider it seriously except
for a few unromantic souls (I'd hate to be in that category). Life in this
setup without much to do; living close to others with very
few intimacies, plenty of time to think of supposed injustices
creates irritability, resentment, bitterness and envy. It is best
that we keep on the move to cast one’s thoughts beyond himself with renewed and hope.
Jan 26
One year in active service—what tender-feet we were last year—Raw
greenhorns without an iota of an idea of how the Army works. The
shortcomings, red-tape, inefficiency, irresponsibility of high
ranking officers, the long intervals of waiting for something to happen, the
disappointments, ennui, mismanagement, discontent, and friction; a new mode of
living, the-adjustment--resourcefulness ability to get along without luxuries
and occasionally some necessities.
Fresh air in a tent day and night—sunshine with nature in the raw, over
producing; dirt, lack of adequate washing facilities, innumerable flies,
particularly in mess, leaking tents; crashing, thudding coconuts with many
narrow escapes; being subject to orders from men whom in civil life would
amount to store clerks, and floorwalkers, vacuum cleaner salesmen. Not
very attractive but we are better men now. We
have leaned tolerance, appreciation, --a new standard of values,
knowledge that most men are strictly out for themselves forcing me to use the
same code. We have learned to be content with very few diversions beyond
ourselves, reading, writing, thinking. Those at home are
closer with the distance—and the only ones
who really matter except for a few very close friends.
The great test of our present life will reveal itself in our future existence.
Let us hope that our earned assets this year will overshadow any liabilities
which may have been accrued.
Today, for the first time we had pistol instruction using a .45 Cal
semi-automatic. We were shown how to take it apart and put all parts
back together again. We shall have another lesson before we have target
practice. It might come in handy.
There was a rumor yesterday that we were to leave on the Pres. Monroe in a
week—and to be altered today—However, these orders have been rescinded.
Jan 27th
We had a party at the mess hall last night in celebration of our 1st
anniversary in the Army. We all had a good time.
Jan 28th
The general has left us--. He departs by plane at 5 AM. Leffit is
also aboard bound for Suma, Fiji. Leffit is going to the Solomons.
A native, disappointed in love, climbed and jumped from a coconut tree
yesterday and fractured his skull (died).
News came over the radio
that President Churchill, every-bodies uncle had a meeting
in Casablanca. Jerry is probably there and might have seen him.
Received some air mail last night from Pop, Eddie, Margaret, Rose. Jon Hoyt +
Al Diesz. Eddie's letter made me feel pretty low--pessimistic.
Jon Hoyt writes that he has married the U.S.
Russian's Ambassador's daughter.
We were on our way down to pistol practice this morning—but were
informed that it was called off as
HQ. requires that pistol and ammunition be turned
in—another snafu.
Jan 29th
Saw a good movie last night—Mrs. Miniver—It has been recently
been shown in the States.
Have written a few letters—but am stumped as I have run out of envelopes. There
are none for sale on the island—as the PX is closed –. Their supply
of envelopes was also depleted.
There is a rumor that the Gilbert + Marshall Islands are being
attacked and that the Wake island was bombed. We learned the
other day that there was a fleet of 93 ships +—and—including 6-7 aircraft
carriers in that vicinity. Col Fisken is now commanding officer of
the task force.
Jan 30th
Two medical officers who left the states Jan 6th visited us
yesterday. They are bound for the Solomons. The officers got quite a kick out
of ribbing them about food, living conditions, etc. that they will have to
undergo. They did not seem to be enjoying it. They looked as though they wanted
to take the next ship back.
Ninety percent of the marines at Guadalcanal contracted malaria—many
came down with the cerebral type and Blackatabrine has been found to be
effective prophylactically and therapeutically in only 50%.
The casualties (wounded) are said to be very high. One transport alone returned
700 to the states.
They are going to start collecting some of our baggage Monday.
The native who jumped off the coconut tree died yesterday.
Jan 31st
Was paid this morning--. Just received a $2 check from Father Sexton for X-mas.
It was very thoughtful. I have been spending most of my time reading. I
finished “What Makes Sammy Run” --and am now reading “West with the Night” by
Beryl Macham.
We were presented with two bottles of Cleo Cola—which was quite a
treat since we have not had any “cokes” since we left the states.
.
Feb 1st-Just finished “West with the night” and enjoyed it. Have been
doing not much more than reading for the past 4-5 days
Feb 2nd—Just had a swim—the tide is low. Nevertheless, it was
refreshing. Am reading, “Look to the Mountain” and it reads smoothly. Believe I
am reading too much and going to try to get some diversion.
Feb 3rd We were told that we were to have pistol practice this
morning—I walked down to the firing range. No one was there—walked back and was
dripping with perspiration. Went to HQ where our officers were waiting. As
I arrived we were informed that it was called off. Another of the
many “Snafus.” They are a dime a dozen. I just hope that our enemies’ armies
are run just as inefficiently. Ours seems to be run by a group of
Soda Jerkers.
Our group has been in the army a year and has yet to shoot
a pistol. Will just be good targets for the Japs if we ever meet any. It is a
matter of shoot and identify in war. Now combatants share the same
fate as line officers and its best to be armed and to know how to
shoot. The Rules of the Geneva Convention look fine in peacetime but
at war—just a scrap of paper. I just hope that some if I am in a spot that the
lives of the superior officers who have the responsibilities for the serfs
will depend upon my marksmanship.
I received notice today that I am to be Recorder of the officer’s club.
Feb 4th–Not much new. Am due for some pistol practice this
afternoon. There is a big battle going on in the Solomons—an all-out effort by
the Japs. Our next A.P.O will probably be 913—At Latogoa—Fiji--but it will
probably be a month before we go.
One day here is a duplicate of another. The morale is not very good. The men
are restless—and bored.
Feb 5th—Had pistol practice yesterday—30 shots—123 out of 300 at 15 yds,
25 yds and rapid fire at 15 yards—30 rounds. It was a poor
showing—but supposed to be good for me who never shot a pistol before. Was in
the range all afternoon and picked up a burn and deeper tan.
Feb 6th—The latest is that we are to leave in about a week.
Six transports are expected in. I mailed a package home containing
straw cocktail sets—2 outrigger canoes, 1 “tom-tom” --necklaces and a shell.
Went to a farewell party at Mayor Hokafomas last night with about 12
other officers. There was native music, singing, hula and other native dancing
where we sat on the floor. A meat consisting of roast chicken and
pig, yams and fruit followed by coconut juice was served. (The latter was
passed from one to the other sipping from the same coconut.) A large washbasin
and towel was passed around—as a “community finger bowl” We all
sat on the floor with legs crossed and the food was before us in
banana leaves. I also had a sip of Kava—it tastes better than it looks. The
natives went to a great deal of trouble to give us a
good time.
Feb 7th-Freddie tells me that Col. Meagher is to be relieved as CO—to go back
to the States –or act as our inspector in this area. Col Latham is to be C.O.
Gus McKelvey is a little “put out” as he wanted the job. I wonder how Gus feels
to be overlooked for promotion. Just a bit of his own medicine.
Learned that we were known as the “Suicide Force” when were on our way here—as
no one knew whether or not the Japs recovered the island.
The Japs are apparently putting up a good stand in the Solomon area. Radio and
news reports are silent about the activity. Nevertheless, it is a big show.
We are running another Gin Rummy Contest. Won my first round
against Gaypohl last night. The prize is $16.
Feb 8th—Another “Snafu”. Our departure has been postponed indefinitely—a
disappointment—but probably due to the Naval engagement in the Solomon area. I
suppose that we might just as well set around here as well as at Fiji.
Finished “Look to the mountain” and am reading “Victory Through Air Power”
by Seversky.
Feb 9th—Boxed with Jack Kaiser yesterday and felt stiff in spots
today. Enjoyed the ocean after it.
We are on a one-hour alert as an unidentified ship has been sighted.
Feb 10th The battle is said going on in the Solomon Area
(Naval) but here have no reports. (Jap reports that we have lost 33
ships).
The Navy CB (Construction Battalion) brought us news that we are leaving on Feb
17th with them on a Dutch sip to Fiji via Nouma.
Feb 12th—Lincoln's Birthday—The weather for the past few days has been
bad—Intermittent rain—clouds, skies, oppressive heat.
The colonel the other night refused to have us go
out in the next ship. He said that, “we are apt to have an
epidemic.” Everyone has been asking “Of What”. That seems, however, to be
one of the Cols secrets. All the officers were enraged when they
heard about it.
We have been having Gin Rummy contests to pass the time.
Feb 13th—These days are just one Gin Rummy contest after another—as a
matter of fact, we have had 2-3 going at the same time. I won a contest
yesterday--$7--. Last night Mac Mahon had a party in his room—The New
Zealanders—Stringer and Smith were over. We did not lose much time in
starting a crap game—and I won $50, after making a descent from about $80. I
quit while the going was good.
General Lockwood is now Commanding General on Esperito Santo.
Feb 14th Quiet day—nothing doing but Gin Rummy—Wrote a few
letters.
Feb 15th Just finished rearranging and packing most of my
provisions. Footlockers are going on Friday—and bedding rolls on Saturday—the
20th + 21st. We are going to embark probably on the
21st for Fiji. I am in charge of officer’s luggage.
There was an intimation over the radio last night that Hitler is
either dead or has surrendered his control to the German High Command
since no official documents have been signed by him for the past
month.
Feb 16th Sect Knox announced yesterday that a ship ripped its
bottom out by running up on a coral reef, but stated that he would not reveal
the circumstances. He was referring to the South Dakota—which was
damaged the day after one our parties. Fundamentally, I think the 7th evac
is responsible.
Col Meagher received orders yesterday to return to the states for observation
and Rx. The best piece of news the organization has had for a long time. All
are glad to see him go. Bob Lotter will be our new C.O.
Feb 17th—Had some native entertainment last night in the mess hall. It was a
good show and consisted of singing and dancing.
After the show, I won $20 in a crap game.
Feb 18th We are a day nearer moving and all the baggage is
set for movement to the ship. The footlockers will probably go down
tomorrow.
Our new APO in 913 (Fiji). The RNZAF is going to move out. They are receiving
new motors for the P-40s and are going to fly them out. The boys will probably
see combat action.
Heard last night that Hubbard and Mosely were “scratched” in
combat and that the ground force (68th pursuit squadron)
suffered many casualties through Jap bombing. Dr. Aloe—the T.M.P gave a party
last night in the officers’ mess Hall. There was the usual Tongan
food, singing and dancing. The Hula dancer was the best I have seen
on the island.
There is an N.Z Brigadier in charge of the island forces now.
Feb 19th—Went on a picnic yesterday, with McKelvey, Kaiser,
MacMillan, Hutch, Robbins, Slattery, a few girls, Bramley, Patterson, Jordan,
Norman. We went to Kalava where there is a short
white beach, beyond which is a clearing shaded by coconuts—an ideal
place for a picnic. We had plenty of beer and Yellow Peril. The
Brigadier was invited but since he did not show up at 4 we
proceeded to eat the steaks we brought along. At 6AM the
General arrived—and there was not a thing to eat except bananas. Col McLeod
accompanied him After a few drinks Brig. Hunt began to rib Mac K who had
invited him. It seems that the General had not eaten since noon and was
depending upon and looking forward to the steaks. We had a
good time. The President Monroe has not arrived yet.
Feb 20th—I collected the footlockers—which are now stored downtown.
The ship is supposed to be in the morning, and the men have been
advised to have their bedding rolls and hand luggage readily available for
collection. Everything has been going smoothly—much different from the
confusion at the P. of E.
An officer returning from Guadalcanal says the G2 is having trouble in
getting prisoners, and is has become so exigent that they say that
they will return the prisoners to the men after they are
questioned—to do with as they like. Most of the men have malaria –and C.D.Ds
(certificate of disability discharge) are not given except in the very severe
cases.
Feb 21st—All the men are on edge—the ship has not arrived yet. This island has
caused various reactions to occur in the men. There have been personality
changes—and if we were to stay much longer there might
be serious consequences. Some have turned to drink—we have feared
that many would come down with D.T.s.
The navy gave a party at the Navy Club last
night. There club is very attractive—and we all had a good time. I
met a naval Lt—Parks from Marlborough Rd. We drank a lot of beer and returned
at midnight.
Feb 22nd—Visited Stringer and Ralph and MacMahon last night. Some of the flyers
have left already and the rest are going soon. They are bound for
Noumea. I believe some say that our ship is in but I have received no order to
collect bedding rolls as yet. Everyone is anxious to go.
At the party the other night—there was a girl Nona Protherau—1/8 Tongan
whose father is manager of Morris Hedstrom, Ltd. She is very
attractive—and appeared particularly more so since wore an evening gown—and put
all of our nurses to shame as far as feminine charm was concerned. She was the
attraction and the officers paid her plenty of attention. She is engaged to an
American whom she met in N.Z. Where she stayed after evacuation from
Tonga. A nice South Sea Tale could be written about her.
Feb 23rd—Am just getting underway 1:40 PM. We were
notified yesterday that the boat was in Huke and I had a busy
day from 10 to 5 getting officers and nurses luggage down wo the
dock—aboard ship and down in the hatch. It seems that there is a scarcity of seamen, so
we had to all the tossing but did not find it difficult. We had the best meal
for dinner last night since we have been overseas and living conditions
are good in spite of three tiers of triple bunks. Don't expect to
sleep much tonight or tomorrow night since all ports will be closed and
strict blackout regulations enforced but it will be for a short time
only. Its is really pleasure living ship again. So
long Tonga!
Feb 24th Out 24 hours—expect to be in Suma in a few hours. It
has been a pleasant trip—except for a trace of squeamishness—but not many have
missed their meals. The food has been excellent. We have been passing a chain
of islands all morning—part of the Fiji group most of which appear
barren from the distance—but mountainous.
We have been lugging our life preserves and canteens with us since we left
port—just in case—big Mae West Kapote jackets. On the trip
to Tonga we used CO2 inflation belts-. Hope we can go ashore in Suma
before starting for Lautoka.
Feb 26th We sighted Suma at about 1 P.M. Feb 24th—and
it took about three hours to reach the harbor. We thought we would be able to
disembark—but were met and ordered to proceed to Lautoka. One hour later we
were on our way without a pilot—so proceeded slowly for fear of
running up on a Coral Reef. We started at 6 PM. At about 8 A.M. We reached
Lautoka a trip that usually takes about 7-8 hours. The day was one of the
hottest I have experienced--and perspiration was dripping. After the enlisted
men, nurses and officers disembarked—Grove, Hutch, Felman and I remained to
attend to the luggage and supplies. After a very busy day in the hot
sun—ordering Fijians—more by gesture than voice I set out for the
hospital in a truck. The island is very different than Tonga. It is
mountainous, verdant, very hot—with few coconut trees. However, I noticed
many birds and some fresh water springs and streams which Tonga lacks. I was
interested in the Fijians who are black, well built, more homely than Tongans,
with bushy hair. They are very similar to our negro—except for the
headdress. I saw many Hindus—very dark skinned, thin, with Turbans and gay
colored short skirts. Many carried bundles balanced on their heads. There
are many Flame trees bordering the winding, narrow, dusty road. I arrived
at the hospital at about 5 PM. It is situated in a valley—well spread
out over dry land. The enlisted men live in tents but the officers and nurses
in wooden buildings. Our building has not been used—and is laid out nicely with
indoor showers, latrines, but since there are two in a room we are
rather crowded. I spent last night and this morning rearranging all my
possessions. I believe we shall be very comfortable.
Insect life and toads are well represented on the island.
Feb 27th—Have started to work—Was introduced to the wards Medical Officers and
contagion yesterday afternoon. I have about 7-8 Malarial cases—aviators who
first returned from Guadalcanal—all bombardiers. One is to receive the
D.F.C.--having sunk a couple of Jap ships and shot down ½ doz zeroes. They look
pretty worn out.
Went over to the officers Burl (native hut) --which is constructed very well
with a paved floor---bar--with bamboo woven walls half way
up--and bamboo drawings shields for rainy weather.
There are frequent squalls that go as fast as they come.
Feb 28th—Am now on the anesthesia staff—something which I had not done for 4-5
years. However, I expect to keep up with medicine.
March 1st—Have not been doing much. I have been taken of Contagion and am to
devote my time to Anesthesia and Officers.
We have had considerable down burst of rain—torrents that last for
about an hour.
March 2nd—Daily torrents seem to be the rule here. The skies just seem to
open—and it rains very heavily for one to two hours usually in the afternoon
then subsides as fast as it came. It helps to cool the atmosphere but is hard
on shoes and uniforms.
Have been studying up on anesthesia. Intravenous and Spinals seem
to be favored. We have no gas apparatus.
We have two young Fijians, black as coal with fuzzy hair—called Tom and Jesse
who take care of our quarters and shine our shoes and do rather menial tasks. I
believe that they are being paid 80c a day. They
are pleasant and willing workers.
March 3rd—Gave two Sodium Pentothal IV. anesthesia’s—one last night and
the other this morning
It has been raining most of the morning—and does not miss a day—received some
letters and Valentines yesterday.
Played “once for a buck” last night and after losing initially made a
comeback and won $4.
I find the operating room a nice change.
March 5th --Played poker last night, lost $10 but won $20 the
day before so am still ahead of the game. Sent a money order $150 home
yesterday. Gave two anesthetics yesterday and two today.
March 6th— Was busy in anesthesia. We were informed this morning that
we are going to receive 20 casualties from Guadalcanal. Rex and I had a lengthy
discussion last night about the soul, its immortality, etc.
I hope to go into town today.
March 7th Sunday morning—and we already have had our daily
precipitation.
I did not go to town yesterday since I thought that I might be needed to help
with the cases which came in. They were malaria and catarrhal jaundice.
Dropped $12 at cards last night after winning $4.50 in the afternoon.
Received mail from home—Eula, Margaret, Cassie, George-- and was happy to hear
from them. L- also wrote—being on leave after having been torpedoed in the
Mediterranean.
March 8th—There was a party last night at the officers’ burr. The music
was very good. Had a couple of dances. Had a fair
time. Can't seem to enjoy myself at parties anymore.
Am scheduled to give a general anesthesia appendectomy in about an hour.
Getting the urge again to request a transfer. Tired of this kind of work with
probably no chance for promotion.
A request was made for men to go up with the 37th Dev probably to
New Georgia—now occupied by the Japes. A chance for promotion there
would be small too.
There is Jap radio on the island—which the army can’t find as it moves after
each broadcast.
March 9th The cadre is being formed again to go back to the
states—Kidder, Preston, Stout, Weinberg and Garret who has been transferred to
the unit for a few days for the purpose of being sent home c/ the cadre as he
has been getting into a lot of trouble oversees.
Busy all morning in anesthesia.
They say that a tanker that followed us from Tonga the next day was sunk
by a sub. Our journey was placid.
Lost $10 at “once for a buck” last night.
There has been a disturbance here between the natives and the hospital. One
Sunday Maj Gardner came into quarters with one whole fore extremely
of a cow flung over his shoulder. He said he paid 3 packs of
cigarettes for it. The following day the local native chief went to HQ and that
somewhat shot his cow and calf.
It seems that a group of 2-3 enlisted men and native boys went into the hills
and shot the cattle which were supposed to be “wild” although the cow
had a chain around its neck and both were branded. The chain and
the branded parts of the skin were discarded—later to be found
by the owner—the cattle dissected and carted away. The chief demands
remuneration.
March 11th A good day for a change—hope it does
not change. Hot as blazes--but better than rain.
Held a meeting at the buerre last night—and laid plans for an active
social life. There was a good turnout.
Heard that Tojo's son was killed at Guadalcanal.
The hospital is laid out quite neatly with wards at right angles to a
long corridor. The O.R, X-Ray are at one end. The wards are
enormous and accommodate over 100 pts. We have 2
ORS--one fractures (ortho) room and a cystoscopy room. (drawing). The
cadre is expected to leave next week.
March 12—Was OD last night as well as on call for anesthesia—but it was quiet.
Of 10,000 troops returning from Guadalcanal, 5000 have malaria. There are also
many positive caused by malarial infections.
Won about $8 at poker last night—after having been winning about $15.
March 13th Played poker last night and won $5.50.
Slept soundly yesterday afternoon so had difficulty falling off last
night.
May take a trip to Lakota this afternoon, or may wait until next Wednesday.
About 24 big bombers passed over the hospital this morning. Looked impressive.
It seems as though this war will never end. Things are not moving fast to
suit us, but I guess we just have to sit tight and be patient. If it ends in
'44 will be lucky.
March 14th Lost $26 yesterday afternoon but recouped in a short
game--$27 in about 15 minutes—winning about 9 of 11 hands.
Have been screening my room-----window and partitions with discarded mosquito
netting.
Saw “Gentleman Jim” with Errol Flynn last night in the officer's burr. It
was an excellent movie and I enjoyed it a lot.
Although we are supposed to receive mail more readily here, for some reason
have been falling behind the number I received in Tonga. A few ships
have been sunk and I am afraid that my packages—and some mail were
aboard.
March 16th
The 7th Evac was the 4th hospital to leave the
states. I hope that we are returned in the same order. We were
know as the “Suicide Force” since the set up in Tonga, and that
area was in such a state of flux. but fortunately the 1st Coral
Sea Battle saved us the trouble of a forced landing.
Lt Col. McKelvey says that we can forget about promotions in this area.
Lost $21 at poker the other day so have given up the game.
Saw a repeat of “Gentleman Jim” last night.
Have not left the area since arrival.
Too hot and get tired in the afternoon. Real tropical torpor.
Ralph took some photos this morning—behind the barracks with the mountains as a
background. Wish I had brought along a camera.
The cadre received orders to leave for the states within 24 hours on the Busch
Fontaine. Horn, Kidder, Weinberg, Preston, Garret are returning. Horn recently
said that if the cadre did not go back—he would be going back in 3 weeks “out
of his head.---With the cadre , the men in Tonga, Leffert and Day,
Mager the personnel of officers is markedly reduced. The should be back in
the states in 2 weeks. What a break!!!
March 17th
St Patrick' day in Fiji- (Sambeto).
We had a party in the Cadres honor last night—Victrola Music—Purple death with
a kick. Ralph Elias as well as others was feeling good. He was
prancing about the floor like a Lion telling the girls he is the best dancer in
the unit.
Opened the box which I put in organizational equipment—everything was wet and
mildewed and a few things ruined.
A rotation of personnel oversees may going into effect—6%
to return to the states monthly, bimonthly? This will be a
good break—We may return to the states soon after all.
March 18th
At 2:15 PM yesterday—Gerry, Peggy, Fretta and I set out for Lautoka. After a
hot ride there through thick heavy dust we arrived in the town
at 3 PM and since we knew that the Bosch fontaine was in headed
directly for the dock. The ship is Dutch and has not been back o its native
country in 3 ½ years. It was in the English channel when war was declared. Many
of the crew had not heard from or about their families during this period--are
very vehement against the Nazis and looking forward to an “ax day” after
the war when they are going to kill all the Germans they meet.
We boarded the ship and had Mr. Eys the chief officer awakened. I
also met Park, a Brooklynite whom I had met a few weeks at the
Navy Club in Tonga. The Captain was also in the group. He is an elderly
man, who has had one ship sunk by torpedo and was in the London Blitz. He is
said t be fearless and slept through the London raids. He is almost bald and in
leaving us
momentarily said that, “he was going to wash his hair.
We sat around and drank beer. Parks invited us to dinner as the captain and
were going out to dine. We had a fine meal consisting of soup,
sirloin steak, hearts of artichokes, potato cubes, chicken Talleyrand, cherries and
pudding. This was formed by a Tom Collins in the bar. Parks, Dr.
Goldberg the ship surgeon, Guy, Peggy and I were invited to a party
by a Lt King whom we had met earlier in the year. We went via ambulance and was
surprised and pleased to see that it was for the most part civilian.
The girls of whom several were very pretty wore evening gowns which made it so
much more attractive. Rum Colinses were served and the
music was supplied the the 148th infantry band. The hall
was like a barn but decorated nicely with streamers. I enjoyed myself—and
danced with an attractive petite British girl who spent her life of about 22
years on Fiji. Mr. Eys was also present: he is typically Dutch and a
good fellow.
We left our the hospital at about 11 PM and arrived at about
midnight.
The shop had received two alerts—one for hurricanes and the other for Japs in
the vicinity.
The cadre boarded while were were there, and all seem very
happy about returning to the states.
There is supposed to be a Jap Raider between Samoa and the Cook Islands—so the
ship will have to be wary on it's return to the states.
I had a busy day today. Spent from 7:30 to 12:45 in the O.R.--examined some
enlisted men for O.C.S.—censored mail and peered thru a microscope for malaria
parasites for about 2 hours.
A sergeant at the airport was killed this afternoon. An airplane with
faulty brakes made a right turn and ran into a tent where the soldier was
slipping, amputated his legs, cleaved his chest and skull.
March 19th Slept until 11AM—the latest in over a year.
Finally got to bed for the night at about 3:20 AM. Two operative cases. Was
exhausted.
Today I received several packages—it seemed like Xmas. Shrimp from Pop, Cookies
from Rose—Peanuts from Aunt Marge. Flit, soup, writing paper and last
but not least Rose Anns photo at 1 year. Aunt Marge also
sent photo.
Am drinking a bottle of Australian beer rationed one per man—though warm it
tastes good.
March 20th—Have had quiet day. Helped Robbing give a direct
transfusion today.
Understand that 2 Lts in our unit are gong to be sent with the 37th Div
and feel that I may be one. It will probably stage an offensive to take another
island. Will see what turns out of it. Don't care much one way or the other!
March 21st Bob Lothan spoke to me yesterday about
going c/ the 37th. He knows little about the setup—including
promotions. I tried to pin him down about promotions in this unit but
he was very evasive. I told him that if he could find out no one else to go I
would be glad to accept the job. One my main reasons is to get away
from him. Since assumption of command he has turned many against him.
He is busing his officers to obtain his colonelcy. I never did like
him and will be glad to go. Finnegan, McMillan, Acherly, Elias, Graff,
Schlein—all want to get out. The unit is cracking.
Am assigned to a chore of picking up some throat smears this afternoon from
contacts with two patients with meningitis.
March 22nd Today I started out to pick up smears at the
meningitis contacts station at the airport and just returned (4PM) after being
on the run constantly. We must have ridden between 150 and 175 miles—over
hills—thru valleys—over dusty bumpy roads—getting poor steers-going miles out
of the way. It was hot + muggy but clear.
The planes at the field were fine—pursuits (P40s), Grummans, Fortresses—all in
flight.
Managed to pick up 15 contacts. Met a few N.Z. Officers whom I knew in Tonga at
the Officer's Barre last night. Squad leader Creighton and Lt. Duncan.
March 23rd—Col. Duval is visiting today. Will know all about the 37th Div
proposition. I am pretty sure I that I shall be sent. They are said to be
leaving next week. I may be sorry—but just now I don't seem to care very much.
March 24th—The 37th is going to move next week. The names were
given this afternoon--. I believe that mine one of them but have not been
informed as yet.
March 25th
Just returned from helping to examine about 70 men for O.C.S. I was so hot I
was sweating bullets.
I guess the dye is cast now—but we have not been told yet who was to go over
with the 37th. Since I virtually volunteered I can bet on myself as
being one.
Received a nice Valentine box from Rose yesterday.
Lost $2 dollars at Bingo at the Buerre last night.
March 26th –Was told last night that my name had been
submitted, so I thought that I was sure to go. This morning I got almost
completely packed—so as not to be caught short—before going over to the
hospital. Latham saw one of my boxes in the hallway after lunch—and asked me
what I was doing. I told him I was preparing to go. He told me that it was not
necessary.--that everything---.. I didn't know why because although in many
responds I did not want to leave the unit—in others I was glad. —So I unpacked
again.
Learned that Squad leader Creighton (whom I mentioned meeting at the Officer's
buerre a few days ago (was killed in a practice bombing mission). He was not
with his pursuits and some Grumman Wildcats. The were practicing interception.
He dove to miss a plane—but hit anther and continued down without being able to
pull out and crashed into the sea. The trio in the Wildcat were also killed.
March 28th—Went to Lautoka yesterday—and looked around town. It is very small
and the populace consists almost solely of Indian who for the most part are
tailors—or make silk covers, etc. Picked up a few Fijian photographs. Saw a
Mosque. Had dinner at the hotel for $1 which was rather poor and then rode back
via jeep in the rain in time to see Random Harvest” at the bueere. Received a
few letters from home yesterday.
March 29th Attended a promotion party at the Officer's Bueere
last night for Lt. Col Rupperbery of the 71st Station Hospital.
The music and dancing were goo
Understand that I will be in anesthesia for another month.
Father Lynch told me today that their has been a case of cannibalism on the
island during the past 50 years.
Did short forms on our enlisted men today.
March 30th—Quiet Day—Attended a movie and saw “Pittsburgh” with Dietrich last
night. The Hunter Legget and many other ships are in Lotoka (10 in all) to
accommodate the 37th Div. There are supposedly 16 ships in
Suma.
Received a letter from Frank today—he sounds as though he has been deferred. I
hope he has been.
March 31st—Took a trip by Jeep to NADI (called NANDI) this afternoon on an
investigation. Visited the unclean hospital—about 50 beds which were occupied
for the most part by Indians. Father Lynch and I then stopped in at a store to
buy crackers—but they had none. However, I invested $2.80 in 4 toothbrushes. We
then rode out to the airport and saw many P 40s, Grumman Wildcats, Flying
Fortresses, one of which had 6 Jap flags painted on its side. The passenger
planes with new pilots had first arrived from the States—in 3 days, from San
Francisco. There are planes in the air at all times--and there are probably
2-300 inclusive. This morning gave a Spinal to a gunner of a Navy torpedo
plane. He has been at the canal.(Bismark Sea Battle) For a boy of 18 he has
seen plenty—and states that he killed about 20 Japs in a boat making their
getaway from a torpedo ship about 3 weeks ago when 22 Jap ships were sunk. He
says that they have no mercy with the Japs anymore since he has seen friends
killed while descending in parachutes in boots. He was very excitable and
nervous and rambled on throughout the operation. I t will probably take a long
time before he gets over it . His name is Coumatoo from 105 St, N.Y.
April 1st—Picked up some throat smears (100) at the 117th Eng
this morning for Diphtheria.
The hospital is very crowded and the medical service is very busy—c/ many
malaria—over 400 census.
Received application for “Rotation of Officers back to the States.” If we wish
to go we have to give reasons.”
April 2nd Very busy morning in the O.R. Hear some pretty
interesting stories. One patient under spinal anesthetic told me about the
Marine and Jap who were hiding from each other—and started a conversation. The
Jap spoke very good English—so the marine asked him where he went to school.
The Jap mentioned that he attended a certain school in the states—upon which
the marine said that he also attended the same school The marine asked the Jap
to out out into the open as he thought he might recognize him. Upon sticking his
head out of concealment he was struck by a bullet fired by the marine.
Another story I heard today was about a Jap bomber—who upon going over the
canal—asked through his radio if any of the men were from U.C.L.A.--as he
attended the university. Before dropping his bombs he always warned the
Americans to take cover—and when his mission was completed told them they could
come out.
One of the nurses (71st Stat Hosp) shot herself thru the leg
last night accidentally. (?)
A patient was telling me about the Japs trying to sneak into a mess line—giving
themselves up, saying, “Food, me Hungry.” Jap women were used as snipers—at the
canal (Guadal as they call it). The marines knock army MMPs down to get at the
Jap prisoners to kill them.
They are making a business up at the canal since the American soldiers go for
souvenirs. Some Americans are painting red circles on muslin, streaking them
with blood, and selling them at high prices as authentic Jap flags. There is a
saying that “the Nazis fight for Hitler, the Japs for Hirohito, and the
Americans for souvenirs. Many of our patients who have been at the canal have
trophies—e.g., flags, pistols, money, machine guns, swords, surgical
instruments, wallets. Some have even removed the gold from dead Japs teeth. '
Am told that two to three months ago when the Japs were supposed to be
reinforcing the Canal that they were actually evacuating, contrary to reports.
April 3rd Listened to some classical music last night—Gershwin,
Tchaikovsky (5th Symphony and Piano Concerto). Busy morning
today. Pontocaine spinal tap—followed by pentothal—for Hydorenephious relief by
snipping an altered vessel.
April 4th Sunday Quick—Spinal for an Appendix this morning.
Rainy day.
Hear they shot an American marine for running back from the front line in
battle. Sentenced in the morning—shot in the afternoon. Hardly justifiable—but
has to be done during war. Legalized murder. Hate to think of the crime wave we
will have in the states after the war. We will have a nation of hardened
killers without respect for a human life. Unpopular officers are also being
shot. I understand that they shot a guard who was asleep at his post, also.
April 5th No rumors or war anecdotes today. Fairly busy morning
in O.R.
The movies here are shown out-of-doors as in Tonga. The screen is placed at the
bottom of the hut and we sit on the ground along the slope. Not very
comfortable—but much better than nothing---except when it rains. There is going
to be a party on Wed the 7th to celebrate the 1st Anniversary
overseas. Its going to be a combined party w/ the 71st as they
were activated on that date 1 yr ago.
April 6th The last I saw of most of the family, one year ago, I
recall Eddie asking me at dinner when I expected to go—and I replied that if if
I did not show up for supper—they could be sure I had gone. I knew that I was
leaving the next morning definitely.
One year of overseas duty—two has marks, one campaign ribbon.
April 8th Had a party yesterday commemorating our 1st Anniversary
of foreign services. Started with cocktails (canned orange juice and gin) and a
good meal, followed by dancing to the tunes of the Americal orchestra—with
Australian whiskey and soda as the beverage. It was a big success and all
appeared to have a good time. There are plenty of big heads today. Learned
yesterday that we are to receive two ribbons—one for the South Pacific campaign
and the other for Asiatic theater of operations.
April 9th—Has been raining quite a lot and humid as usual.
Gave a spinal to a soldier who received the Purple Heart. Operation consisted
of removing some shrapnel from his thigh. Sustained wound at the canal.
Consensus of opinion is that strikers back in the states should be sent up to
the front—for $50 a month. Leaders should be shot for treason. When you stop
and consider you wonder it is all about—and whether it is worthwhile doing your
part with the knowledge that selfishness, greed, and other attributes exist in
the states. There is a wide breach between the soldier at the front and the so
called patriotic factory workers. Is it really worthwhile—sometimes one has to
stop and consider. How soon would this be over if they back home in the
factories expended as much time, effort, and sacrifice as the dough boy. Maybe
a few bombs on our Pacific Coast would change this attitude which seems to be
so prevalent—or maybe a few casualties in the families of those involved. The
men who are sleeping outside here—in tents which leak—and surrounded by mud are
in heaven compared with what they have had. Malaria, shrapnel wounds,
malnourished, nervous wrecks. Lets send those strikers up and see how they like
it.
April 10th Attended a concert at the officers bure last
night—and found it good entertainment.
Quiet day--Free this afternoon and tomorrow (Sunday).
April 11th Quiet day—Wrote 5 letters this morning.
Learned that the 37th ran into trouble up around the
canal—several ships sunk. ---It is said that troops from the canal will be sent
via amphibian ships to invade the other islands. One ship which has a long
range—up to thousands of miles—will carry 200 soldiers.
New type of bomb is being used which dropped from a plane ricochets into a ship
giving the plane time to get away.
A Tambua--(TAMBUA?) is a whales tooth—which is considered very sacred by the
Fijians. It is an honor to be presented with one. If a request is made by them
on presenting it—and if it is accepted—the request must be carried out or else
the receiver loses face.
The hospital is mostly overcrowded and tents are being put up each day. Census
is about 525. More are due in.
April 12th—Quiet--nothing new--Hospital census still swelling—with pts from the
Canal.
April 13th—Allies are really going places in Africa. Germans are being forced
back. Allies gained from Efax to Sousse in 2 days. Nice going.
April 14th Rather a busy morning. Weather very hot as usual.
Stories of “Snefs” up around the canal. One officer in the hospital who was up
there says that we have been winning because the Japs have been making more
Snefs than we--fortunately.
It has been a practice in the past, and still believed to be going on amongst
the Fijians to bury a body where a post of a chiefs home is to be—and to stave
the post into the ground into the body to lend dignity to the house. The bodies
were obtained through murder. Parts of a body are now thought to be used
instead of a whole.
I would like to obtain an authentic war club and cannibal fork before I leave
here.
April 15th Just received a letter from a girl alongside who I
used to sit in French Class in Cornell in 1931. Just remember her vaguely. She
is now a “Vet” and sister in law of Lloyd Doughty—a fraternity brother.
Asked the native boys who attend our rooms to get form me the war club,
cannibal fork, and tambera. They are leaving for their home near Suma but
promised to return with “the goods” within two weeks.
Received Easter and birthday cards from Eula + the children.
There is to be no elective surgery—which started this morning. Can see where I
am going to be very inactive as an anesthesiologist.
Lost $2 at Bingo last nigh after a movie on the slope (Palmer Bean Story)
April 16th—Have not done a thing to-day. Met some officers at mess who were at
the Canal. They apparently were under plenty of firing. Received an Easter card
from Rose-and other mail from home.
A sergeant—Edmond Zaloom—a friend of both Rose and Edgar came up to see me
yesterday—he lives on 9th Ave—between 5th and 6th Sts.
April 18th—Busy in afternoon and evening of the 15th. Two
naval men (CBs) were fishing with hand grenades. One exploded prematurely
presumably due to a defective fuse injuring the throwers hand—and his friends
head. A piece of shrapnel pierced the Lattus right atrium, went through his
naso pharynx, took off his uvula and presumably he swallowed the metal. He also
had his jaw fractured in three places. Yesterday had operation which treated an
endematous psoas muscle simulating a perinephric abscess.
The Naval air force took over the officers bure last night and gave a
party—which was both a failure and a wild brawl. Got in a crap game here at the
quarters and lost $158. Off crap for life now. It was a lesson which I hope has
served as a lesson. Expect that there will be plenty of action here in the
South Pacific soon.
April 20th Yesterday was quiet—Sunday. Saw a Sportonance last
night—One of the Grace Ships—the Saint Elena in all likelihood, revealing life
on a cruise—Saw several of my friends—Dave Heath, Churchill. Recalled many
pleasant memories.
Today was very busy. A B-26 (bomber) immediately after taking off—developed
some trouble when about 100 feet up and crashed. Two aviators were brought in.
They kept us busy in the O.R from 10-5:30. Two are in serious condition.
Tonight I gave a spinal for an appendectomy.
April 21—Morning in the O.R. Cervical resection for the adenitis.
Yesterday passed w/ anything significant.
April 22 Had a busy morning yesterday. Called at 4 AM. A command car crashed
into a tree. Seven were injured—some severely. Yesterday afternoon—a Navy plane
crashed—pilot severely burned—died last night.
April 24th--Easter Eve--At mess last night met Lt (jg) Gay of Midway Battle.
LIFE presented his photo on its cover about 6-7 months ago--and also a story,
"One Came Back." He was on the Hornet--as a naval aviator. The ship
has been sunk since Midway. Gay was shot down during the battle--and watched
the battle from a rubber raft--covering himself with a cloth as Japs came over
him--so that they would not strafe him. He cheered our planes on--noted and
witnessed ship sinkings
Two Lts. I met recently were misdirected at the Canal and were surrounded by
Japs for four days--without any provisions except chocolate. They and their men
however were rescued.
April 25th--There was a party at the officers bure last night. Had a good
time--and danced a lot. Learned that Lt. Giguere was primarily our M/Sgt--but
left to go to O.C.S. was killed by a bomb up at Guadal canal. He was in the air
corps ground force.
April 26th The native Fijians put on a show for the hospital this afternoon.
They arrived painted and with green foliage garments--and looked very savage.
They sang and did several dances including a war-club dance, a Maori dance
which the New Zealand natives used to perform before going into battle. They
also made Kava. I thought that I was sitting far enough from the dignitaries,
but one of the natives brought me a cup of the native beverage which I could
not refuse but had to drink it down. It was the biggest group of natives I've
seen since I've been on this island. I am sorry that I do not have a camera.
Some of the men looked old enough to have lived during the period of cannibalism.
There were very few young men as they are in the Army and are now at
Guadalcanal.
April 28th 31 today. A Lt. Col (M.C.) related some of his experiences at the
Canal last night at the bure.
Am gradually working up a medical group of cases--malarias--so that I have a
nucleus when I actually return on Saturday.
April 29th--Did not go out to dinner last night. Had a party in Macs room with
chicken and turkey, gin and brandy. They lit a large candle about a foot
long--and we all had a good time. McKelvey, Reid, Mac and Hatch were present.
Had a patient who was at the canal and killed an officer and two privates. He
has souvenirs including a campaign ribbons, a saber, gun, Jap Flag, Jap money
(bills and coins), a wallet, a pen and pencil holder, a stone (possibly a
diamond) that he picked up, a Jap's cap and part of a Zero which was shot down.
He gave me a Jap bill. Apparently he got the Jap officer in the nick of
time or else. He is in with Malaria. The boys are damned good patients.
April 30th Busy day today in anesthesia--my last day. From tomorrow on I shall
devote all my time to medicine.
Sent George a Jap bill "occupational money" which my patient removed
from a Jap officer he killed. Wrote Pop a letter also.
Have a patient who carries his Jap gold capped teeth on a string around his
neck. He obtained them at the canal. Some soldiers to obtain them would look in
a dead Jap's mouth and if any were present he would be bashed in the mouth with
a shovel--a delicate method of extracting teeth.
May 1st-- Nothing new.
May 2nd Listed to the Americal band last night on the slope. Very good show.
This was followed by a movie--Air Force--which was interrupted by heavy rain.
Got drenched. One of my patients has about 2 dozen photographs of Japs--some
with their families--which he removed from dead Japs at the Canal. Most of them
looked innocuous. Strange that our mutual purpose is to slaughter each other.
Crazy World!!
May 4th A boy in my ward was presented with the purple heart--wounded by
shrapnel at the Canal.
Rex and I had a session last night--ending at the bure.
John Silberblatt left yesterday--C.D.D.--Fungus infection of the ear--nerve
deafness from gun practice.
The Americal soldiers are a good group of men--but they are in poor physical
shape. They appear pathetic, serious--worn out--and inwardly I am sure dread
the possibility of being sent back. I enjoy treating them.
May 5th--A ship was torpedoed and sunk about 90 miles from here.
May 7th No news except kept busy in medicine--Malaria for the most part.
There is going to be a fire walking ceremony in Mao about 2 hrs. ride from
here--at 5:30 AM Sunday. If I go I shall have to leave at 3:30. Would like to
see it but it is rather early to arise--particularly since the 71st is giving a
party Sat. night.
May 10th ---One year on foreign soil--Golly--what a year--.
They say that at New Caledonia cargo ships had to wait 180 days before they
could unload since the pier could accommodate only three ships at a time. That
was the only group in the South Seas before us at Tonga. We had arrived 2 days
before the fleet returned to Tonga from the Battle of Coral Sea.
At the canal, the Japs tied themselves to the top of coconut trees--and when
they were shot and killed, the tree was cut down to avoid wasting any
ammunition by others who might think they were alive.
It was believed that Jap officers had their sabers buried with them--so it was
a practice to pry open the graves to recover the sabers--however, it was found
to be untrue.
One of our patients in Psychiatric ward was rolling over a dead Jap to claim
souvenirs when another Jap in a hole nearby clubbed him by the arm. The patient
pulled out his bolo knife and decapitated the Jap.
Was about 240 in the hole--including 110 I owed Van at crap yesterday. Came
thru in the end and made it all-for which I am very thankful.
May 12th--6:30 AM Relieved Capt. MacMahon as Det Commander this morning.
I heard that there is a big naval battle going on in the New Hebrides--50 Jap
ships sunk to our 15.
Starting up a new ward--expect it to be I operation today.
May 14th Africa has been taken--Unconditional Surrender w/ 150,000 troops.
The P47 (Thunderbolt) is in action now--1000 h.p.--over 400 miles an hour, 8 50
caliber machine guns. It is supposed to be doing very well--and surpasses any
ship the Nazis have.
Have been very busy--Admitted 25 patients in my new ward in less than 24
hours--malarias. The new routine is 21 straight days of atabrine
/s/ rest period--gr iss T.I.D. Quinine is the drug of choice--and some 90% of
it comes from the Dutch East Indies which is in Jap hands. Our supply is limited
and we are not supposed to use it.
Am happier now that I have been since oversees.
May 15th--Received birthday cards from Rose and Margaret. Took a long time to
arrive. Expect to start a new ward tomorrow.
Have been feeling very energetic during the past two weeks--probably due to the
cold weather. Quite a change from a month or so ago when I used to have to fold
up in the afternoon. Prefer the activity!
May 16th--Sunday--but a little busy. Received some mail from home with
photographs which made me very nostalgic. Am glad to see that all of the family
look well.
Golly but it will be a great day when we return to the states. Its seems as
though we will never get back.
One of my patients showed me what he picked up in the canal--a very fine
leather knapsack containing a Jap cap, a holy cup from a Catholic mission in
the Solomans where a few nuns were killed, a Hari Kari knife, metal from a Jap
bomber, Jap money including some meant for the USA belt with a Liverpool Seal
on it presumably taken from some Englishman earlier in the war, campaign bars
Nostalgia is bad today.
May 17th--Frank's birthday--but he'll celebrate it tomorrow.
There is supposedly a big naval battle going on in the Solomon area. The
battleships--North Carolina and Washington are said to have been sunk. However,
the losses on the other side are said t be greater.
A liberty ship was sunk off Suma this morning.
A patient gave me an aluminum bracelet made of metal which he took from a
destroyed Jap bomber.
The medical census is rising. We have about 600 medical patients now divided
between five of us.
May 18th Malaria still streaming in with few discharges since new treatment is
21 days atabrine in the hospital.
May 20th--We are under General MacArthur's command now.
Our malaria census is steadily climbing--approaching 600 med patients out of a
total of 811. New tents are being put up daily.
Have to keep watch on the men so that that they will take their atabrine as well
have been finding many of the yellow pills in the area. They know that if they
have the disease frequently enough they will be returned to the states. May are
in poor physical shape and should be returned.
May 21st Medicare census about 650. There is a lot of adverse criticism
against the 18th Bat from Mass. They decided to charge unknowingly when
the Japs were advancing. Upon seeing the Japs the officers became panicky and
retreated--leaving the men--who not very long afterward followed suit.
The outfit is in disgrace. Another unit advanced and recouped.
There was a surprising number of Jap deaths from clearing station to hospital.
It was found that tourniquets were loosened en route. That was also an
effective method to get the Jap prisoner patients to talk.
May 22nd--They say that a ship is being sunk daily just off the island. The
survivors are in Suma.
There are 21 tents erected now for patients--the census at midnight of the 20th
was 64 w/ 700 med. patients.
The morning are cold now--64', but the days continue warm. We have not had rain
for some time.
May 23rd Sunday--Still relatively busy--A patient is going to give me a Jap
bayonet which he got at the canal.
May 24th Two more nurses had left for the states for medical
reasons--making a total of about nurses and 2 medical officers--4 officers in
the cadet, two transfers.
May 25th Silberblatt is returning--his certificate for disability discharge did
not go through.
Have about 150 patients now. Had 19 come in yesterday.
May 26th--8AM. Raining like the blazes. Nothing particularly new--census is over
900--with over 760 medical patients. Believe that it will start going down as
21 days of treatment will elapse for many soon.
Have not heard any war news for several days.
May 27th--The 71st Station Hosp gave a party last night--one year overseas. All
had a good time.
May 28th--Hospital census 950--840 Med patients. Looks like a boom town or tent
city. Probably the largest concentration of troops on the island.
May 29th--Nothing significant . Census still a little higher.
Received a Jap bayonet from a patient.
May 30th--Saw "Shank Don Canteen" last night and thought was
over-rated.
The census will probably stop dropping.
May 31st Memorial Day back in the states but I haven't heard it mentioned once
although it is all over.
Census--960--Medical 830. Things are very quiet and it seems that this war will
never end.
June 1st 1943
The news is very encouraging with bombings in the Southwest Pacific, Italy, and
Germany. Our offenses seem to be rolling along nicely—and an invasion, I
believe, is not far off.
Played some volley ball this afternoon and enjoyed it. Heard that there was a
patient down at the 142nd General near Suma who obtained a pass
daily at the time when there was a sinking daily. On following him, they found
he had a short wave set in a hutch in the town and transmitted information to
submarines about when ships were leaving. Sinkings stopped when he was
apprehended and placed into custody.
Helped to examine officer candidates today.
June 2nd Nothing new—Hospital is still busy.
June 3rd—Hear that Leffit is back in the States from the canal and will
probably get a majority.
The census is still up---.
Understand that 6 names have been sent to Noumea re rotation of officers.
Schein and Van Notta are supposedly on the list.
June 4th—Census is still climbing. The we have hit the 100 mark. Mike
Herick—the NZ flier I know from Tonga got his first Zero at the canal. The rest
of the fellows I knew at the airport are either at Noumeau or the canal.
Understand that there will be a considerable number of American Tongans
soon--the 77th C.A. (colored) being mainly responsible. A new
race is apparently springing up here in the S. Pacific.
More tents are being erected—Boomtown.
June 6th—Had a crab dinner last night downstairs in the kitchen.
Played crap this AM and won 20.
The medical census is still rising—about 1050 total with about 900 medical pts
June 7th Cases still coming in—census climbing—approaching 200
patients apiece now.
June 8th Burgess tells me that some lieutenants names have been
sent to Nouma for promotion. I hope that mine is amongst them and that it goes
thru. Each one of us deserves a promotion.
Bought a radio for $10 last night. Saw some war clubs last night. Dangerous
looking things. Would like to get one.
June 10th Bored and discontented for the past two days.
Probably need a change of scenery since I have not been outside of the hospital
area for 3 mos. Would enjoy a trip to Suma but we are too busy.
The 71st received word today that they are to move to Nandin where a new
hospital is being built. That means will be stuck here probably for the
duration.
Have some necklaces for the girls. We are still a long way from the end of the
war. It probably will last two years--but activity has been slow particularly
here in the South Seas. But--who knows?
June 12th Was O.D. last night--Quiet.
June 13th The island of Pantelleria was taken the other day--a stepping stone
for the invasion.
Another 12 of our nurses have been sent back to the states.
The census is dropping--negative smears are being discharged after 7 days
instead of keeping them for 21 days.
Eleven out of 12 ships headed toward Suma were sunk 2-3
weeks ago. Some of the mail including the letter Edgar is said to have sent
must have been on them. Mail has been scarce lately.
Some of the officers are going to climb the mountain
behind the barracks this morning--a good 3-4 hour climb.
Mac Mahon bought some necklaces and a war club for me
at Suma.
June 14th The Americal Division is doing its utmost to be returned to the
states. The chaplain of the Division said that each time a truckload of
patients is brought to the hospital the men cheer since they think that the
more patients in the hospital the better is their chance of being sent back.
Many of them should be returned. However, those who are in good physical
condition would form a good nucleus for replacements because of their
experience.
Set up my radio yesterday--plenty of volume--and static. Hope to be able
to get a silencer to cut out the noise.
June 15th--The 7th did not turn in a list of Lts for captaincy--but the
71st did. Anyway it was refused--since the quota of medical captains on the
island is full.
Will wait until I see what types of reinforcements come in for the officer's
rotating—then may request transfer if jobs are filled by captains.
Our ranking officers are not "going to bat" for us. Notta is
engrossed in his own desire to get Eagles.
June 16th Was O.D. again last night—admitted many patients
during the evening but the night was quiet.
June 17th—Attended a lecture on malaria last night given by Lt. Col.
Russell—formerly of the Rockefeller Foundation. He stated that of the evacuees
from the canal 2% were war casualties and 30% malarial patients. He also
expressed the fact, to the disappointment of the Americal Division Medics, that
no one would be evacuated from the area because of malaria per se.
The forward movement in the area has been hampered by the disease—it is the
main military problem here. As for the treatment we who have been treating it
here seem to know as much about it as he does. However, he suggested that we
use massive initial does 1 ½ grams per day to build up the blood conc. Qhenit
would be most effective. Contrary to what most of us believe, he thinks that
atabrine is as effective as quinine.
June 18th--Have been busy staffing pts to specific wards, discharging, etc.
Have several series of Rx in effect now for those w positive smears.
1. Atabrine--Gms T for two days P.O.
2. Atabrine GMS .6 P.O. for two days.
-.4 Gms I.M. on the first day
3. Ativan gms 4.2 daily with /c Mapharsen (0.03--->0.06) twice a week
for seven doses.
4) Quinine gr /xxx /c Mapharsa.
5) Mapharsen alone.
June 19th--There is going to be a party tonight at the burred.
No fresh rumors. There is one ill-founded one that we are to go to New
Caledonia.
June 20th--The 7th had a party at the Buerre last night. Cocktails at
6:20--Dinner 7:30 and Dancing at 9. About 200 were present including two
generals. The buerre was decorated very attractively--and everything went off
nicely. I got to bed about 1:20--the latest for any social function for some
time.
June 21st--A couple of high ranking officers will inspect the hospital today--a
General and Colonel Maxwell--so everyone has been busy putting a few extra
touches to tidying the place. An amusing incident happened --yesterday. I was
examining a patient in the examining room--and told him to open his mouth and
stick out his tongue--while peering down his throat I happened to look around.
Standing in the doorway was a nurse with her head tilted upward, her mouth
open, and her tongue stuck out as though I were examining her. She was might
embarrassed when she realized what she was doing. An example of the power of
suggestion.
Will probably have to examine some Officer Candidates this P.M and start as
O.D. at 4 PM.
June 24th--Lt jg) Gay--whom I met here a few months ago--was killed over
Bougainville a few weeks ago. They say that there are 11 aircraft carriers here
in the SW Pacific waiting for the opportune moment, I suppose.
Paul Griff made me a water band from the Jap Bomber metal I had.
It has rained now for several weeks--and during the day it is very hot. The
night, however, are cool, requiring two blankets doubled.
June 25th--Lts names are being turned in for promotion--it may or may not go
there. We are supposed to have our requisite number of CAPTS in the island
already.
Sold my radio for the purchase price---too much static. Seldom listened
to it anyway.
June 26th--There are 88,000 troops in Nouma, New Cal. noand also makes Life
Buoy Soap.
The Lever Bros--owner of coconut tree plantations at Guadalcanal have brought
suit for the destruction of their trees during combat there. It is an English
firm and also makes Life Buoy Soap (Palm Olive).
Tonga brought suit against our govt for $18,000 for ruining the roads. The U.S.
Eng did a fine job there right from the beginning. When we first arrived it was
impossible to get around due to the mud. Many of the roads are improved by
coral. They were in much better shape when we left than when we found them.
June 27th In a week or two perhaps --we shall learn whether or not the
recommendations for promotions have been approved.
Activity in this area is very slow except for the usual bombings.
June 28th--The New Cal. hosp 52 evac was the 1st one out here in the S.W.
Pacific--antedating us by one month--Many--if not most of them have been
returned home (all of the nurses were--months ago) so we can say we are the
oldest original organization in these parts--and have been away from
civilization longer than any unit or outfit in the armed services. Others have
been overseas as long or a little longer but have had the advantage of living
in Australia or New Zealand for months during which periods they seemed to have
enjoyed themselves remarkably.
June 29th
O.C.S. candidates examined this P.M. Afternoon off. Sounds pretty authentic
that promotions will materialize.
BOOK #3
Personal Diary of
Lt.
Jos F. LaBarbera
0404750
July-1943
Fiji-Sambeto Valley
Fantan
Tongatabu (Houma)
Fiji (Sambeto Valley)
Espiritu Santo
Guadalcanal
Tulagi
Florida
(Tanambogo)
Munda--Rendova-Russells
New Guinea (Finschhafen)
New Britain Cape Gloucester
June 30th The 71st Station Hosp had a ground breaking ceremony
yesterday--followed by a cocktail hour (GI alc and grape juice) and an informal
dance during the evening. I had a good time.
They probably will be with us for some time--perhaps a month or two. The
enlisted men had a dance in our bure the other night. British and half cast
girls from Lautoka were present.
To date we have been quite well acquainted with several tropical diseases.
Malaria, Filariasis, Dengue and Yaw to say nothing of the intestinal parasites
(Amebiasis, Strongyloidiasis Stercoralis, Trichuris trichiura, Nicator
Americanus, Ancylostoma Duodenale)
July 1st--Rumors that another big campaign will be started
in a few days. Also notified that we should be prepared for battle casualties.
I suppose that our next stop will be Bougainville. (Munda). We have to give up
on napharen Rx--since we have to increase our turn-over.
July 2nd--The 37th Division with whom I was scheduled to join before the
C.O. rescinded the order is, I understand, in New Georgia (Munda). A Colonel
told Ralph yesterday that the promotions for us lieutenants are going through.
It will probably take a few weeks.
Lt. Moore whom I know from the airport in Tonga dropped in today. He has been
at Espirito Santo and is to return tomorrow. Mike Herrick of the RNZAF is now a
squadron leader and has bagged three Japs--which with his 8-9 German ships is
quite a nice record. He also had news of other men I know at the airport.
There are very few planes here at the airport as there is an active
campaign going on in the New Georgian Islands. (Munda).
I understand that the rotation of officers has been cancelled.
July 3rd--Am O.D. over the weekend. Expect to be kept on the go. Have three
cases of hookworm on the unit now.
July 4th Fourth of July--very different from those in the states. Not a word
about in special reference to it.
The Macaulay--Santa Barbara of the Grace Line--and a ship in our convoy to
Tonga was sunk recently.
Just finished O.D.--tired--was very busy combining ward and receiving.
Up part of the night transfusing and watching a hemorrhagic peptic ulcer.
Extracted a tooth today at the Dental Clinic.
July 5th Paratroopers are said to have passed through here a few weeks ago.
They can be well used on islands like these.
July 6th
Went to town this afternoon in the ambulance. It was a hot, dirty ride. I took
the trip--19 miles--for the purpose of having a change in environment since it
was the first time in about 3 1/2 months since I had been in--and I also wanted
to pick up a few trinkets. The stores are filthy and smelly and the Indians
unkempt and dirty. There are about 90,000 of them on the Island. After visiting
the PX where I but nothing but toothpaste I walked from store to store along the
main street--looking for cannibal forks and war clubs. I picked up a couple of
pairs of beads and about 35 Fijian photographs as well as three sets of stamps
(Solomon, Pitcairn, Gilbert and Ellice Islands) at a dollar per set. The
photographs cost 10 c to 15 c each. They are worth it to me for I have no
camera. I am writing with a Parker Pen I bought for $9 second had--but worth it
since I lost mine some months ago.
The ride back from town was as bad as the rid in. It will be some time before I
go in again.
We had a meeting today. The group which by-passed Tonga and went to Nouma is
supposed to be there now--so I suppose that it will not be long before they
will be rejoining us.
The colonel says the request for new promotions went in about 10 days ago.
July 7th We played the 71st Station Hosp Volley ball--won the first two, lost
the last two.
We have been running over our capacity for about 2 mos. now. Normal capacity is
450--Full 850. We have had close to 1200--and now range about 1000.
July 8th The census is over one thousand again.
The colonel asked me tonight if I would accompany one of the nurses to Suva
tomorrow--and then back from Suva the following day. It is about a 150 mile
trip and will take 7-8 hours--but I shall welcome the change and rest from the
wards. We shall start at about 7AM tomorrow morning and are due back at 6:30
the following night.
Played volley ball this afternoon and enjoyed it. We won both games. Outside of
my professional duties I am also responsible for the policing of ward 6 and its
environs--as well as the "Green Slope" where the movies are shown and
which looks like a garbage heap the morning following a movie. However, the men
leave it spotless after a good policing job. I am also responsible for medical
mess problems and also for the property in units 6 and 8.
I have started on my paper "Splenomegaly" which I shall present at
our monthly medical meeting.
July 10th Mars Stansfield and I started for Suva at 730 AM yesterday via
Queen's Rd--and had an uneventful trip over dusty roads thru small thatched
native villages as far as Sig a to ka (Sigatoka). We were held up there since
the engineers were repairing the hedge and would have had to have waited about
6 hrs. until 3 o'clock before it would be ready to traverse. There was a small
railroad trestle nearby over where our staff car could have just squeezed over
with tires on the outermost boards. There was a drop of about 20 feet into
shallow water. Although our chauffeur wanted to go across --I forbade it meant
a wait of about six hrs. We sought other ways but were unsuccessful--so the
nurse and I walked over the trestle to the town of Sigatoka which consists of
about twelve stores facing a road and Sigatoka River. At about noon after we
had wandered to the Px for something to eat since we did not want to take any
chances on the native places.
Joe the driver drove up, having solicited the area of a truck which helped him
over a road which we had found impossible due to the ruts. The last half of the
150 mile trip was very tortuous, circuitous, winding, curving, with ups and
downs, hairpin turns, steep dips along the roadway. However at the tops of the
mountains the view was wild and vegetation thick. Often rolling hills could be
seen extending as far as we could see. We arrived at Suva at about 3PM. and
proceeded to the 142nd General to dispose of Mrs. Stansfield. Joe and I then
went downtown--attempted to get a room at the Grand Paufre Hotel but some of
the managers seemed rather independent and said that I had to make arrangements
through Special Services. I decided that I would spend the night at the
hospital. I then went to the museum where I saw many types of war clubs, some
cannibal forks, large oars that were probably used centuries ago and other
oddities. I tried to buy some cannibal forks, but they were not for sale. There
was an inscription alongside the forks saying that the cannibals did not like
raw or partially done flesh, but preferred it well done. It was seasoned with
an indigenous tomato. The forks were used so that no flesh would touch the lips
or fingers--not etiquette. I then dismissed Joe for an hour or two--so that I
could wander about. I visited Levis--saw some cannibal forks and bought some (5).
I also invested 15 in a war club. There were several things I would have liked
to have bought. I bought a Fijian comb and some necklaces at another
place--then wandered about mixing in with Fijians, Indians, New Zealand
soldiers, British sailors, Sikhs in their turbans and attractive uniforms. The
Fijian police men also have nice uniforms consisting of a blue mess jacket like
coat with brass buttons, a white scalloped shirt, a red bandanna over which
there is a belt around their waist. They go barefoot. I met the chauffeur at
our appointed place and we went to a Chinese restaurant on a side street and
had dinner. I had an omelet c' French fries, ice cream, and coffee. We took in
a Navy movie--at the South Sea Surf Club--and then returned at the 142nd. Was
up bright and early 6:15 AM--and after breakfast returned to town--a distance
of about 5 miles--did a little shopping. At 10 A.M. the girls and I started
back to Sambeto Valley. It was a long ride--but we broke it by stopping at a
home about halfway--and hamburgers and tea.
We arrived here at 4PM. The trip is too long to make one hope for a repeat in
the near future. However, the change was good--and I enjoyed it. You can see
all of any interest in one hour. The largest town in the South Pacific--smaller
than Hempstead, L.I.
Interesting and encouraging news today. The Allies invaded Italy.
July 12th--We had a cocktail party followed by a special dinner last night for
Major Gardner who will leave us for Nouma shortly. We had a small dance after
the dinner. Enjoyed it.
Rex, Hickman and I are now treating malaria. MacMillan and MacMahon are doing
general medicine.
July 13th--A busy day today--Admitted about 110 malarias---Hist.--Phys--.
Tomorrow + the following day however I shall devote my time to the ward seeing
my old patients. We have a large tent where we received the patients from the
admissions building--do a smear--etc.--and then distributed them according to
whether they are positive or negative.
July 14th--In 24 hours starting yesterday morning I worked up about 135
malarias.
Colonel Fisken shipped in last night--and continued on his way to the states
via air today. He is scheduled for a job in China and probably will get his
star. We had an informal get together last night. He states that there will be
a continuous push from now on in the S. Pacific and we will head for the
Philippines. We also have a large part of our navy in this this area now.
The M.A.C. who formed us about two weeks ago--has been ordered to Rangoon
island to take the place of one killed.
I am O.D. tonight and also will relieve MAC in the AM as detachment Commander.
July 15th Was O.D last night--quiet except for a comatose alcoholic at 12:30
AM. Arose at 5:30 AM to take over the detachment.
Played volley ball this afternoon.
July 17th --No news--Expect the Tongan group here any day now. We might be able
to receive a little more then.
Have admitted about 125 cases in 24 hours.
July 20th--Not much of importance has happened in the past few days except that
I have moved down to the first floor and now have a room of my own. It is
quieter here and I have plenty of privacy. Expect that it will look quite nice
when I finish. The inatarsas have been slowing up.
July 20th There was an alert at 2:30 AM. Two unidentified planes were picked up
by Radar--were challenged but did not respond.
Working on a paper "Splenomegaly" for a medical conference in 2
weeks.
July 22nd --Admitted 68 cases today--. The planes which were picked up by Radar
dropped flares. Were probably taking photographs.
July 23rd Spent the good part of the day, after making rounds, painting a
chair--my writing board. and making and painting a small closet and lamp shade.
Major Gardner is scheduled to leave us tomorrow.
Played some volley ball this afternoon.
A large area is being filled in in the rear of our barracks to use as a ball
ground. The Fijians have been out there the past few days playing Soccer and
they appear very good
July 25th Received patients today—relatively slow—am O.D tonight.
July 26th—Good news today—Mussolini resigned. Best news since the war started.
July 27th Finished my day early and had been sitting around reading. Watched a
soft ball game between the 7th evac and 71st Sta. Hosp. We lost.
Promotions should be coming thru soon. Sent two packages home today.
Helped to examine some O.C.S candidates today (Ears).
July 28th—Spent the day receiving pts—a fair amount—probably 60.
According to radio reports—the Italians are going to continue to resist.
July 29th—Listened to the president's speech today. Read—and also examined our
enlisted men.
The dentists have been told to give the Americal priority for the next
month—which is an indication they will be going back into combat in spite of
their efforts to return home.
July 30th Rounds, read, slept—watched a baseball game followed by a Fijian
soccer game while basking in the sun this afternoon. The 71st is giving a party
for one of their majors who is leaving shortly.
Sent a birthday card to Pop today—one of the tapa cards I had made while in
Tonga.
July 31st Seven months of the year are past. We are due for another tropical
Xmas. Maybe it will be different in '44.
Admitted about 55 cases of malaria today.
Attended the party last night and had a fairly good time.
Reports that there are a great number of casualties at Munda. The japs are well
entrenched in pill boxes around the airport and our men can't get past them.
August 1st --Two battalions of the 147 Inf--37th Div.--approximately 2000 men
are said to be completely wiped out except a Colonel who was wounded but saved.
He moved to a unit in the hospital.
August 2nd Father Lynch told me he learned from an officer that a pilot arrived
here in Fiji having taken off from Munda Air Field 1 week ago. In as much as
radio reports state that we are still fighting for it and supposedly suffering
severe casualties—our strategists are probably trying to keep the knowledge of
our possession of it from the Japs—whom it seems should have been informed by
those at the airfield of its downfall, if it is so. One rumor that I heard
today bets upon an improbability that we should be home by Xmas. It is much
more likely that we will advance, as I see it, with a possibility of going out
with the Americal division.
Van Notta informed me today than an enlisted man told him today that I was a
captain. It is possible that they may had received the promotions but are
holding them up because of a mix up in one of our Lieutenants
recommendations.
Aug 3rd—Will present my paper on Splenomegaly tonight to the
members of the medical service.
They had received two casualties at Suva from the battle at Munda. We expect
that they will be flowing in here soon.
Aug 4th The Med Meeting was cancelled last night--for one
week.
AM O.D. now
Nothing new.
Weather has been hot--been basking almost every afternoon
out on the slop behind our quarters and watch softball games between the
different depts of the hospital.
August 5th—Received some mail today. Informed that Eddie
overseas now—down this way somewhere and that he is engaged.
Plenty of fighting still going on around Munda. They say
that Guadalcanal may be considered a picnic compared with the activity there.
The Lts of the 71st received their promotions yesterday. Our recommendations
were sent in before theirs--but due to am error made by our adjutant one of the
recommendations all of ours are being held up Probably will come through soon.
Another 7th "Snafu"
Am getting fed up and “bored stiff” with the present set-up. Am playing again
with the idea of transferring, or at least requesting one since the C.O has to
approve.
Aug 6th Received my captaincy today. Feel better. Required a great deal of work
and effort—but am satisfied now that I have it.
Aug 9th—Took a trip with Bill Gron by jeep yesterday to pick up some malarial
data from the 121st Cl. Co at Singatoka—about 50 miles from here. It was a nice
ride out early in the morning—but the ride back was dusty. The roads are very
dusty, bumpy, torturous. Met the Co. Major Bayohr, a young medico who was
brought up on 18th St, Brooklyn. Ate chicken soup for dinner—was waiting for
more to eat but none came. They have a fairly nice but rough setup in
tents—about 150 pts. The officers live in a Bure left by engineers who first
used the location.
They had several Jap patients at the canal and saw plenty of action. They
performed intricate operations on the Japs—to determine how successful they
would be. One of them was so vehement in his hatred for the enemy that he did
not touch any except to dissect them while still warm—post postmortem.
Arrived back here at about 5PM after being held up for a short time by a convoy
on maneuvers.
Received some mail—and also photographs taken on July 4th today. Mary Nelson
also wrote.
Aug 10th Had a quiet day. Slept this afternoon—then played volleyball for an
hour.
There are rumors that outfits will be returned to the states after 18 mos.
overseas but I doubt their veracity.
Am going to deliver my paper on splenomegaly in about 5 minutes.
Took over the job of detachment commander this AM at reveille.
Aug 11 Quiet day—Made rounds. Read James Esquire in late morning and during the
afternoon.
Since we have arrived here we have had a coffee hour between 10-10:30 AM in the
patient mess for officers and nurses. It is very popular and most attend it.
Delivered my paper on Splenomegaly last night.
August 12th A busy day admitting malaria. There seems to be no end to them. The
treatment is ineffective—and I am tired of seeing the disease. They keep coming
in and going out—repeated recurrences. I believe that some of us are beginning
to feel as discouraged as the patients. Some have had 10-12 recurrences
already. Many, however, in spite of the disease have picked up generally and
had put on weight. Rumors that rotation of officers will go into
effect—however, it does not mean rotation back to the states in all instances.
Officers may be rotated to different posts where chances for advancement are
greater. Since I just received my promotion I would be near the end—and since
5% per month are to be rotated –it means that over 1 1/2years must past before
there is complete turnover. Not too bright an outlook.
They say that at Munda 200 soldiers were killed one night—stabbed by Japs who
jumped into their foxholes. The American soldiers got so that they killed each
other, mistaking each other for Japs. Fox holes for four were built thereafter
instead of for two.
Aug 13th Spent the morning making rounds. Read and played indoor baseball this
afternoon. Got one hit out of three. Rumor today that a hospital group is going
to relieve us in Oct which fit in with the rumor I heard about a week ago that
we would be home by Xmas.
Aug 14th Am OD tonight until 4 P.M. Tomorrow. Am scheduled also to admit
malarias so expect to be busy. Saw a good movie on the slope last
night--”Arsenic and Old Lace.”
Aug 15th Was O.D. And admitting officer for malaria yesterday—Was busy all day.
Had about 100 Malarias to examine in addition to other cases. Burgess promotion
came thru after a delay of over a week. We recent Captains celebrate by giving
an open bar for both the 7th and 71st. A good time was had by all.
A negro soldier who slashed a Cpl of the Guard with a knife was given a death
sentence by hanging. This was commuted to life imprisonment in a Federal
Penitentiary.
Aug 17th Took a walk with Father Lynch this afternoon. Beyond the hospital area
it is nature in the raw –with rolling hills and mountains and dense grass and
shrubbery. We walked about 7-8 miles in all, but were very tired since there
were many inclines and we are not used to it. We had some fine views from the top
of hills—and could see for miles around.
General Hodges has returned from Mumba. Conditions on his arrival there were in
a poor state—morale and cooperation were said to be in a sad state. After a few
pep talks he rallied the men and they went out and fought and took their
objective.
Dotty Hoag received news last night that her brother was killed in Africa.
Two of our nurses who were returned to the states because of mental
disturbances and sheer fraud in one instance were promoted to 1st Lts.
Another example of injustices that prevail in the army. Those who are sticking
thru thick and thin are stuck in rank also. We are getting rid of the misfits
anyway.
The men are beginning to admit they are feeling the efforts of this type of
life. On the hole they have stood up very well but some have stated that they
will be able to stand about 2 years and no more.
Aug 18th Admitted malarias today—Lanny Ross visited and sang for the patients.
Met him at cocktail hour at the Club. Seems to be a very good fellow. He is a
Lt.
Aug 19th—No comments
Aug 20th—The 37th are said not to have done very at Munda with very high
casualties.
Au 21st—Admitted malarias again today. Probably about 50. The 251st C.A.
Planted coconut, banana and other trees around club today--a full days work.
The club is much improved as the land here is very barren. There was a cocktail
party at 4—which will probably be continued tonight.
August 22nd Played indoor baseball today against the Navy. Center-field—and
second base. We lost. It was a good game. Our fielding was good--but batting
poor. Score 8-5.
Kiska Island has been taken, evacuated by the Japs. Won without loss of life.
Aug 24th—Admitted 83 malarias today— There is a rumor that Eleanor Roosevelt is
here on the island. Would not be a bit surprised.
Was O.D. Last night—admitted a meningitis which today appeared improved.
Kharkov has fallen again and is now in Russian hands. The last month or so has
been full of good news—Munda, Sicily, Kiska, Karkor, Wewak.
Seventeen months overseas is showing up in the men.
The Tongan group is said to be Suva and will arrive tomorrow.
Aug 26th The group arrived from Tonga yesterday. They do not seem to like
it—and I can't blame them too much. It is too hot and barren in this section
and has none of the beauty Tonga abounded in. Starting to work in General
medicine today—Also gave psychiatric cases a medical interp.
We have been on the island for 6 mos. now.
Aug 28th—Have moved over to the building vacated by the 71st Station Hosp.
Played indoor baseball today—after moving over.
For the past few months we have been having weekly sanitation inspections which
is the bane of existence of ward officers, nurses, and enlisted men The
colonels go poking in corners for dust. Before inspection we thought that all
was in perfect form but they manage to find something that may be remedied.
Mrs. Roosevelt, General Knudson, and Asst Secty of War Patterson were on the
island this week and are now in New Zealand.
The censorship restrictions on Tonga have been lifted this week.
Aug 30th Heard from Eddie yesterday and learned that he is Australia and that
he has been looking for me. He was scheduled for Europe but jumped at the
chance to change with someone who had a San Francisco APO. I hope that we shall
meet.
Aug 31st No comment. Busy morning on medicine and giving medical workups to
psychiatric patients.
Sept 1st Worked all morning and afternoon. Short armed the enlisted men this
afternoon. Nothing else new.
Sept 2nd Quiet day after rounds. Read this afternoon--'Mission to Moscow” by
former Ambassador Davies. Good so far.
Sept 3rd The toe of Italy has been invaded by Eisenhower and his forces.
Am OD. tonight—hope that it will be quiet
Letters from home are very scarce.
Sept 4th—Had a quiet night as O.D.--Worked all day until 4 today. Nothing new.
Sept 6th Busy morning—quiet afternoon. Received a batch of mail today—the
latest Sept 4 days.
Sept 9th Heard the news this morning that Italy has surrendered—Armistice
actually took place on the third (3rd) but was released today. It is wonderful
news—the best we have heard since the war started. It probably will have a
marked effect on the Nazis morale as well as on the Japs. Hear that the news
was received enthusiastically in the states—particularly in New York where the
Italian population is high.
Played Gin Rummy with Benjamin last night—the first time in six months.
About 250 coconut trees (small) were planted in the hospital areas yesterday. A
monsoon last night did them good sine they needed water—but I noticed that
several were broken by the terrific wind.
Sept 10th A Colonel Gavis of the Americal Division who left for Munda w General
Hodge—gave a lecture on the campaign at Munda last night.
Sept 11th A big let down today after a rumor was passed last night that Russia
had declared war against Japan and they were fighting in Manchuria. It was not
confirmed—and the disappointment after last nights elation is marked.
General Woodward called me today in reference to a patients condition.
Fiji during the last war was used by the Japs—Suva was used as a Jap Naval
Base.
Sept 11 Sunday--quiet--read and napped all afternoon.
Party last night in home of the Tongan group which rejoined
us three weeks ago. It was a nice party.
Sept 13th Was O.D. Last night—and in the ward all day today—did not get much
sleep so was tuckered out today.
The family has had disillusionment over a photograph which they have seen in
the papers—one of the figures in which they this is I. Each one has written
about it—and I have derived a few chuckles from it. Frank wrote today that he
is having some duplicates made, Eula has the clipping hung on the stove.
Margaret s attention was directed toward it by friends and is sending the
clipping Edgar and Mary Nelson.
Sept 15th Received a letter from Jean Fraurich yesterday with pictures of Eddy
and herself. Was glad to hear from her.
Am scheduled to escort some patients to Suva by plane tomorrow morning at 7:30
AM. Will leave them there and return immediately. Will be interesting to
compare with my trip over Tonga.
Sept 16th Accompanied 14 pts to Suva by air this A.M. After a few delays
rounding up pts we got started for the airport at 7:45—arrived there at about
8:10 and boarded the transport immediately. The trip over took about 45 minutes
and the same back after stopping there for 15 minutes. The scenery is very
different than that of Tonga from the air. It consists mainly of rolling hill
and small mountains as far as you can see. Vegetation at the tops is scarce but
in the valleys abundant. Here and there was a native village—but they were very
scarce. We headed out over the water since the overhead was low. When I first
saw clouds flowing by I thought it was smoke from our plane but readily
reassured myself. The trip over and back was bumpy and rocky--. I was
definitely glad to reach the Nambi airport. I waited an hour for transportation
from the hospital—and arrived just in time for lunch.
Sept 17th Received the camera today—with 8 rolls of film which are very scarce
in the states. Rose incidentally went to a lot of trouble to obtain them. Also
received package for Rose-Ann last night containing combs , laces, soap, tooth
powder, cookies and candy
Played baseball this afternoon—on base 2 out of 3
Sept 18th The rumor is getting around that we will be leaving here about the
first of the year. The Americal division will be moving out soon—so our use
will not be needed. The Consensus of opinion is Bougainville—no new divisions
will be coming in
At Munda—the casualties were not too bad—400 killed, 1800 wounded, 2000 medical
cases of which 1600 were war neurosis.
Sept 20th Another rumor today that the islands going to be practically cleared
of all troops and that we will return to the states.
General Somerville of S.O.S was here at the hosp yesterday
Sept 22nd O.D. Last night on today—on ward all day today.
Most of the cases we have been getting in general medicine are of the neurotic
class. Many N.C.A.---neurasthenias, gastric neurosis, headaches on a
psychogenic basis. Rare to see any organic pathology except a rather large
number of Tricho phytosis. Admitted 14 cases this afternoon.
Sept 24th Practiced baseball this afternoon—got plenty of exercise.
Growing another mustache—something to fool with in my spare time.
The family has received the gifts I sent home on July
28th—in approximately 6 wks.
Sept 26th Quiet weekend. A group went on a picnic today—but I strayed by the
area Took some photos this PM—basted I the sun and watched the enlisted men
play ball.
The Hosp census is still quite high—with malaria and war neurosis high.
Sept 28th—The 70th Bomber Sq is going to move up to a hot spot so all of their
potential liabilities were sent to the Hosp today—most war neurosis—others
whose health would not warrant their going along.
One psychiatric patient has an anxiety state which dates back to the Canal when
he and two others came across two wounded Japs in a tent. One subsequently
died---so when they buried him they threw the other in with him while alive. It
is playing havoc with his conscience . Most of our medical pts are psycho
neurotics.
Sept 30th 4:15 PM- Am O.D. until 4 PM tomorrow night—on call for med cases in
dispensary—medical admissions—rounds tonite after 9—and before 7—a regular diet
on the ward tomorrow—with the possibility of being called tomorrow if other
officers are not available. Responsible for about 6-700 pts.
Have been on the wagon for 3 wks. in spite of abundance of opportunities
spiritus frumenti.
Pay day today.
In another week will be overseas for 19 mo.—seems like ages since we walked
single file up the gangplank at the PE on a crisp April day with packs—sad but
also a little happy that after such a long delay we were at last on our way.
The suicide task force—probably saved by the Battle of the Coral Sea. It
has been a bleak time since then, but “This too shall pass.”
Oct 3 Finchhaver and Naples have fallen. There has been a load of news—locally
the routine remains unchanged from day to day and nothing of particular
interest arises.
Spend most of my spare time reading--
Sent some films—8 negatives—which I had printed by the signal Corps—home. Also
have to be developed there and examined by G2. Color film may be sent to
Eastman at Rochester—censored there after development.
Oct 4th—Has been raining daily for the past 4-5 days The rainy season is
probably on us, so we may expect it daily for months.
Nothing new.
Oct 7th—The number of suicides has increased during the past 2 months—usually
bullet wounds. Last night we had an abdominal bayonet wound perforating the
left kidney. The number of mental disturbances is tremendous.
Oct 8th The rainy season is definitely here. Has been raining almost
continuously for days. Clouds hide the mountains to our rear. Books are again
in order.
Major Shaffer from the 18th General-Suva (Johns Hopkins Group) gave a lecture
on malaria at that hospital. Results are very similar to ours. They are doing
some work on Atabrine blood levels.
Oct 9th Had another professional staff meeting today and as usual it focused
almost solely on policing the hospital. The men are pretty well fed up with it.
Professional problems take the background. We have had some pretty poor luck
with our C.O.
Oct 11th Two years ago today—was one day out in my first trip to South America.
Took a walk this afternoon with Father Lynch –snapping some photos. It was a
scorcher—but it felt good for a change to get away from the area.
Nothing else but the date reminds me that tomorrow will be Columbus Day
Had a lecture on mosquito control early this afternoon—in case we move to
anopheles punctuates area.
Oct 12th Sent some negatives and a money order for $75 tonight.
Rumor today that the Americal will bout by the 1st of the month—forming two
divisions of Marines for some offensive. No activity down here for about 2
months, since Munda.
Oct 14th Three of us started for Lautoka this afternoon at about 3 PM. We
thought we were due for a drenching since it had started to rain about 15
minutes before—and jeeps are far from being rainproof. However, the rain
stopped shortly and we had a pleasant trip in. Enroute we snapped a few
photos—an Indian with a tall fez, the only tram n the south pacific used for
carrying sugar came to the Colonial refiner Co—and a group of school girls—one
British and three or four half castes.
We visited the Px where I invested in a raincoat, having “lost” my original and
the proceeded to an ice cream parlor, where we enjoyed a favorite but rare
delicacy—a plate of ice cream We then took a photo off an unusual structure—a
Mosque—located in the town. We dined at the hotel (Northern Hotels Limited) and
had an excellent meal—which probably seemed better that it was—since our food
here at the hospital has been very poor; none of us had eaten much for several
days. However we rectified that tonight—and I believe that the Indian waiter
was a bit perplexed at the quantity we consumed. We finished with a bottle of
Sparkling Burgundy on the porch—and started home at about 8:15.
A Jap plane was picked up over the island by radar the other night. A.A. Guns
were alerted.
Italy has declared war on Germany. She has the “honor” of being the only
country who has fought both the Allies and the Axis. I hope that she will
perform better on our side.
Oct 17th --Nothing new
Oct 25th Received about 5 packages from home this week. Am preparing the war
club and bayonet to send home. It rains daily now--averaging up for the dry
spell.
Asked about the possibility of going to Australia on a leave in Dec to meet
Ed--but as I expected am forbidden to do so.
Oct 26th Our enlisted men are beginning to crack up--noticeable particularly
during the last few weeks. The life is beginning to tell. The Americal has lost
plenty of men--through war neurosis--the hospital is full of them
I have been appointed Malaria Control Inspector for the unit. Seems the island
is anopheles free. I have nothing to do--but will be kept busy if we move up.
Packed the war club and bayonet
Bought an Asiatic-Pacific Campaign ribbon bought.
Oct. 28th — Started for Mba (Bōh) this morning at 10:30 with
Father Lynch and Gorman in the carryall. The trip there and back was pleasant,
with a little change of scenery. On arriving there we had lunch at a Northern
Limited Hotel — it was poor and not very appetizing — and numerous flies did
not help it any.
We visited the mission, where Father Lynch was given a wau
chest and tabua. Father Gorman and I strolled about town for 10 minutes and saw
everything worthy to be seen. I have a snapshot of him with a Sikh policeman,
and he took one of me with a Fijian policeman. We arrived back here at about
4:30. I enjoyed the trip.
Oct 30th
Preparations are being made for a big offensive. Two large tankers are at
Lautoka Harbor. A large fleet is expected--and are going to accompany marine
troops for an offensive.
Will go back to the malaria service on Monday. Two new medical men arrived
yesterday. Both were put in Psychiatry--to give Burgess a hand--Lts Koford and
Berkman.
General Thomson was displeased when he learned of the lumber used for seats on
the Green slopes since the hospital is to be closed in a few months.
Nov 1st
Big things will be done within two months--six flat tops in addition to other
war ships are expected here soon A transport with troops is expected in today.
There are 2-3 transports now in the harbor--in addition to the large tankers.
The Americal division has started on suppressive atabrine treatment and will
probably go out on a few weeks.
We received a cablegram yesterday--directing us to have a complete inventory as
to supplies and personnel made ready today--which is a definite indication that
we shall be moving out soon also.
The next offensive is to be against the Marshall Islands and Bougainville from
two directions and the largest fleet ever to be assembled will take part.
There are 11 aircraft carriers in these waters including the new Lexington, the
Saratoga, Enterprise and Illustrious.
Fifty warships took part in the attack on the Marcus Islands--the largest force
up to that time.
Things are again beginning to happen.
One of my patients in the psychiatric ward--while snapping a photo at the canal
had the camera shot out of his hand by a Jap sniper. He also was thrown into a
foxhole by a bomb which exploded, he says, 25 yds. from him. He's a nervous
wreck.
A patient gave a Jap clothing (?)stamp--which he picked up at the canal. It
probably serves a purpose similar to our dog-tags.
The weather is becoming very hot and muggy.
Nov 4th
Have not received any mail in 2 weeks which makes me feel that something is
amiss at home.
There is a lot of speculation as to where we will be sent.
Have been very busy--and expect to continue so for some time.
Nov 6th--Capt. Lynch returned last night from a furlough in Suva. He learned
there that they are making a clearing at Guadalcanal for a 1000 bed hospital.
It seems to be the best bet so far
The original Fijians are supposed to have settled randi first--having been
ship-wrecked in Nande Bay--about 10 miles from here.
Nov 8th The battle ships--the Indiana, South Dakota, North Carolina, Alabama,
Washington and Massachusetts arrived in the Lautoka harbor
yesterday--preparatory for some big movement.
Had a physical examination today--passed with flying colors.
Nov 10th Had a free afternoon--Seldenblatt and I went swimming in a natural
pool about 3 miles from the hospital. It is a nice spot, nature in the raw
without a person or hut for miles. We swam about in the raw and basked in the
sun which was very hot. I snapped a few photos. It was a grad afternoon. The
first swimming I have done since on the island.
Capt. Lynch, McMahon and I were supposed to go to town--but they could not
accommodate us at the hotel since the Navy is in.
The Japs have landed some reinforcements at Bougainville which will prolong
that campaign a bit.
Wrote a dozen V mail Xmas cards tonight.
Nov 12 There are rumors that the Japs have landed reinforcements at
Bougainville and that the marines are surrounded. The Fleet weighted anchor and
pulled out at about 10:30 A.M. yesterday. Going out to look for the Jap Navy
which has been in hiding. Might be able to catch some in vicinity of
Bougainville.
I paid Silberblatt $5 on a bet made last year that the war would be over this
Armistice day.
We have admitted approximately 23,000 pts to date—during the past 9 mos. Since
I have been on Malaria longest—in addition admitting general medical and
psychiatric patients I have seen more patients that any of the officers.
Nov 13—Lost $5 in a pool—based on a horse race in Australia. Had a horse named
Huntingdale which finished next to last in a field of 24.
General Bestler on arriving in Fiji c/ the 37th division last year had stated
that his division was considered off the books at the time since they did not
believe that they could shape up against the Japs—who were at that time on the
rampage. They too were considered a suicide force—but we had been out here more
than a month before. We did not quite realize that we were in that category.
The Navy did a good job at the Coral Sea—which incidentally gave us a new lease
on life.
A transport of troops is said to have been torpedoes off Tonga last night.
Nov 14th Some Navy medics left on a destroyer for Tonga—to treat the casualties
from the torpedoes troopship yesterday.
There are said to be 20 aircraft carriers in the Pacific.
Selbenblatt bet me $5 that the Japs will not have surrendered by Nov 11, 1945.
A soldier who returned from the Canal yesterday says there are 50,000 troops at
Bougainville—and 45,000 elsewhere—all were at the canal which was used as a
staging area. He was a pt in Tonga.
Nov 15th
Received two letters today from Eddie. One contains two photographs which are
very good. He stated that he had just returned from a mission which was
probably an attack on Rabaul. I hope that all goes well with him throughout
this war.
Just learned that the ship torpedoed 375 SW or SE of Tonga carried our Xmas
packages. There are said to be 1000 survivors. Asked Col Loftan if I could take
the trip to Australia to meet Eddie—but as I expected, the request was refused.
I hope that Eddie and I can get together.
Nov 16th Father Lynch just came in with some news. He had a long day chat with
a chaplain who just returned from the canal and contrary to the scarcity of
radio reports a great deal of action is taking place in the Solomans. A large
naval battle is taking place above the equator –and three of the battleships
which were n last week are said been sunk. The chaplain said that he saw 11
aircraft carriers on the way from the canal. Therese are said to be 20 int the
south pacific area.
The fighting at Bougainville is terrific and the casualties are great. The
rumor that the marines were surrounded is true--but reinforcements relieved it.
There were 7 divisions (105,000 men) at the canal prior to the attack. The
canal is still being bombed nightly.
In the Solomon area some Focke Wulfs have been shot down.
The 37th units where I was almost transferred is going up to Bougainville after
just having participated in Munda. Believe that this is a good policy instead
of having men wait around for months between campaigns to become nervous
wrecks.
There are seven hospitals at the canal now—so it does not seem likely that we
will go up there unless it will be to relieve another group. Munda is a good
possibility.
A freighter + tanker which started from the canal for Fiji with the Chaplains
ship have not arrived as yet.
Evidently a good deal is going on about which w are told very little. The Japs
are far from being beaten and as an Admiral and General (Marines) are said to
have said—the Japs had shown us nothing the last year. This is going to be a
long war—but maybe the naval battle going on now will mean much.
Nov 19th Went to town this afternoon—visited the Px, bought a fatigue suit,
overseas cap, and a pair of shoes. Arrived back here at 4:30 (16:30). The ride
by Jeep is terrifically bumpy—particularly in the rear seat.
Nov 21st Listened to a Jap broadcast last night—naturally there was a disparity
with the American view. The propaganda was interesting—and would have been very
disparaging—if not balanced by the American broadcasts.
Nov 22nd We have landed Marine and Army forces on the Makin and Tarawa Islands
in the Gilbert's—due North.
Nov 26th Had a good Thanksgiving dinner yesterday—Turkey, with all the
trimmings—in Tropical heat. The weather has been getting hotter and hotter
daily.
Have been feeling low with hay fever.
The Gilberts are completely in our control now. During the past month,
Bougainville
No mail for about 9 days.
Nov 28th We have had more than 25000 pts, more than the total of the General +
station hospital in the island continent. I have admitted more and treatment
more pts than any officer in this hospital.
The time is dragging out. This camp compared last week by one of the officers
to a prison---since we are confined to a small area with definite daily
routines—with no outside life—away from friends and family—with a minimum of
diversion. After conditioning myself here, I believe I could easily do a long
stretch in Leavenworth without minding too much.
Nov 29th Received some Xmas gifts tonight from Mom, Eula, and Rose---. Strange
as it may seem I feel a bit Xmasy as the packages were done up nicely. Golly,
but I wish I were back home.
Knox warned the American public to prepare for publication of heavy casualties
for Tarawa.
Dec 2nd Was at the airport in Tonga this time last year. Many Xmas packages
have arrived for the men this year—shipped over by truck from Sura. More is due
in the next few days.
Heard confidentially tonight that an echelon of the Americal will move out on
the 15th . The men have been on suppressive Rx for a month—but we still manage
to get 15-20 cases a day.
Replacements have arrived (about 2500) for those who have been sent home. The
veterans are much different than the kids 18-22 just arriving. The experienced
men are hard—have lost a lot of their youthfulness. Many are bitter,
disillusioned, cynical.
Dec 5th All troops will have supposed to have left the Island by March 1st. The
news broadcasts came out in spite of being “jammed” by the Japs—Chimes, bells
gongs, voices, transmitted by the Japs for the purpose of preventing clear
reception of the news.
Two years ago tomorrow (Dec 5) in the states, I started out on my last trip to
S. America—two days before the attack on Pearl Harbor.
Dec 9 It is very probably that if we move up the nurses will not tag along.
Admiral Halsey is opposed to taking nurses to the canal.
Learned last night that a large munition dump was destroyed thru carelessness
at the canal—52 million dollars worth of ammunition—three ship loads—ignited
from a grass fire. One man killed, three drowned swimming a river to get away
from the danger area.
Part of the Amer .infantry will on the 16th and the 57th Eng n the 22nd.
Troops from Cook Island arrived—many with Filariasis.
It is sad that it is certain about Japs jumping into American Fox holes at
night. American soldiers are said to have attacked each other in
foxholes—believing that they were killing Japs who jumped in on them. One after
attacking men in his own fox hole—was heading for another when a sergeant in
the hole for which he was headed shot him.
December 11th -- Hurricane warning awakened last night. Put 225 patients who
are under canvas cover under wood using the enlisted men’s mess, the long
quarter and part of the patient’s mess and used all available space in wards #
2 + 10. I was O.D. last night + today so was kept quite busy this am the tents
were lowered and fastened down. - During the night we had no rain, but the wind
was strong - and created a lot of noise. It is still supposed to be on its way.
– The men in patient’s mess were moved to the 1st floor from the 2nd story
officer’s quarters.
December 14th--The Americal is starting to move out today – and will be
completely gone by January 4th. They are going to Bougainville to take over
from the marines. The Tokyo radio a few nights ago that the Americal division
was about to leave Fiji for Bougainville. Some time ago-it stated that the
large clock in Suva was found minutes slow --and-surely it was.
Ally and Finegan told the Colonel off last Saturday night--and chased him up to
his room to continue-- They evidently are dissatisfied at the way things are
run-and unburdened themselves. Since Ally might have Filariasis, Acherly
approached him and suggested that he go over to the 18th for a checkup. Appears
like a railroading to me. They both received reprimands today.
December 18th--Orders for now moving up have been rescinded-so I suppose then
we shall be around for some time. The Americal is going out gradually in three
weeks there should be very few troops left. Our orders were rescinded because
there are a half dozen or so hospitals already at the canal- & many doctors
are sitting around without much to do
December 19th—General Marshall was on the island last night-returned from the
conferences in Iran. He told the officers at the airport that war in Europe
would be over in 1944-and not late in the year that 50 divisions are awaiting
for transportation to the pacific area and that a system for officers will go
into effect. (when?) He stopped at the 71st station hospital.
December 20th-The statement about rotation is false. Evidently the General did
not say anything about it. It will be a depressing revelation to many- I know
that it is to me.
Admissions have taken a steep drop. I have two out of three afternoons free
now. Quite different then the days where I admitted more than 100 cases of
malaria a day. Five days before Xmas- and not a trace of holiday spirit in the
air. Mid August weather. This will be my third Xmas below the equator-the last
Xmas at home was in 1938.
December 24th-Xmas Eve and a sorry one it is at that. It might just as well be
the 4th of May for all the spirit there is here. There is nothing at all to
remind me of the holidays at home except for the date. I hope these will be the
last holidays away from home. It is even becoming somewhat difficult to
visualize Xmas at home.
I bought a bottle of Australian Champagne and Hock yesterday-to try to help me
renew the Xmas spirit. The Force Surgeon stated that either we’d go further
west, further west, to the other side of the island, or home. Since most of the
Americal division has moved out- admissions have dropped markedly. The hospital
census will continue to fall. It is about 400 now.
Oh Lord! how long?
December 26th-Celebrate with Champagne & Australian Hock--. Each of us were
issued books in Chinese and Spanish-. Possible that we might move up to the
Philippines but I doubt it.
December 28th-Another year is drawing to a close- a year of hard work- 2700
patients, a minimum of recreation- an emotionless year- that is almost
completely void of the happy aspects of life- a daily colorless routine serving
as a pull over ones everyday existence. Although we have had many successful
victories during the past 1½ years the end is not yet in sight. We have been
away from anything approaching civilization for almost 22 months- and see daily
the same focus. The group seems to have settled down now and does not indulge
in drunken orgies as frequently as last year. There has been quite a marked
effect on the attitude generally- myself included- I guess-. One desire now
predominates-to return home most feel that the best efforts have been expended-
efficiency has dropped- and there seems to have been a sapping of ambitions
which all have felt-. It has not been at all pleasant-but better days are
coming-. That thought is truly a consoling one. It is difficult to go lower
than rock bottom.
The C.O. wishes that all men be taught how to swim. Many of the men were drowned
when the troop ship was sunk off Tonga about 2 months ago because they were
unable to keep afloat and swim. Seldenblatt asked me if I would help him train
the men of the unit.
Most of the Americal division has left so that our work is minimum. It will be
a job from now on looking for things to do to take up the time
Eisenhower states that the war will be over in 1944 in Europe-in the South
Seas-etc.
December 31st-7:15 P.M.-Less than 5 hours to the old year. We are having a
party tonight at the Bure. The nurses had a cocktail party this afternoon for
the chief nurse and all were feeling in good spirits. I have a date with Miss
Riley for this evening to see the year out.
January 1st-The New Years party was a success- We had a good turn out--and all
seemed to have a good time. A group of us at about 12:30 took a trip to the
O.M. at Lautoka where we had roast turkey. Got to bed at about 3:00.
It is now 6:15 here-and they just ushered in the New Year back at home. Next
year I hope to be with them.
January 2nd- Started on a fishing trip at 7:15 A.M. with Acherly, Dillinger
& Sgt Hammond. After getting our recon car out of a tight jam in the stone
where it was stuck-set out at about 8:30-hauled for almost 35-40 miles-with an
intermission for lunch and a swim off of the small islands. We had several
strikes some of which were hard-. I managed to catch a Rock bass-or cod-
Acherly caught a barracuda on the way to the dock. It was a scorching day and I
feel it a little-but a good time was had by all.
We can now mention that we are “somewhere in Fiji”.
January 4th-Off from the 3rd to 10th. Not much to do but sit around and read.
However don’t mind the activity. A promotion party at the base last night.
Acherly & Curtis received their Lt. Colonelcy. Am having some Tongan
Photographs printed. The “N” is omitted from the usual spelling because the
printers on the island are short of a letter-hence TOGA instead of TONGA.
The bayonet and war club have arrived home.
January 9th-The weather has been bad-with periods of rain daily. There was a
storm warning yesterday-but the hurricane hit the other side of the island.
Printed some photos today-could develop into a nice hobby. Start to work again
tomorrow after a week of leisure.
January 10th-More than ½ the week is over-and have not been working very hard.
The mornings however are busy. Have several interesting cases on the
ward--Patent Ductus Arteriosus, Erysipeloid of Rosenbach, Strongyloides
stercoralis, Hookworm, and amoebic dysentery, besides numerous malarias and
dengue, cholesterolosis.
January 15th-One more day of work- then two weeks of freedom Colonel McKelvey
and I are preparing for a hike across Fiji (Vita leru) to Suva and plan to
start a week from Monday- We are going to travel light-and may have a guide to
show us the way. I prefer going without any. The only food we will take will be
concentrated chocolate candy expecting or hoping to pick up food on the way
from natives- or live off the land. The distance is approximately one hundred
miles- but it will be hard going in places with rivers to cross and mountain
ranges to climb-. When we first arrived someone said that cannibals still
existed near the center of the island- Colonel Mckelvey and I would look fine
decorating some native mantel piece- particularly since he has a tremendous
mustache. Nice thought. We shall carry side arms.
January 17th-I am supposed to be off this week- but one of the officers who
supposed to be on is on detached service with the 259th C. A. I am filling in-
and may make up the time later on. It has been raining for a week or more- so I
am not missing much. The mail from home has been slow- it is almost 3 weeks
since I have had decent amount of mail.
January 19th-Attended boxing bouts at the airport last night- enjoyed them-.
Three of our boys were entered. Two lost by TKOs. –the other one a decision.
Went on a seven mile hike today-. Which is now required by the C.O. for all
officers off duty in order to keep in shape maintained a brisk pace. I have
only about 12 patients on medicine so have most of the day to myself.
It seems pretty sure that we are going up to Guadalcanal and will probably
leave the nurses behind. They may catch up with us later on.
Was very glad to hear about Eddy’s air medal and citation today.
January 22nd-Colonel Baker of Hopkins- medical consultant for the South Pacific
gave a talk the other night on his experiences at Bougainville. -He was in the
landing party-. Having learned from past experiences- a large hospital-1500
beds- with good food and other essential for comfort made the landing- set up
& took care of the casualties. Only 48 had to be evacuated in contrast to
2600 for the marines. He intimated that we are to play a similar role in a
campaign that is to take place soon- probably Rateul and also intimated that we
would see plenty of action. Medical officers will carry 45’s & carbines.
The nurses are to be left behind.
He stated that this hospital would probably stop receiving patients Sunday-
tomorrow. We have about 70 patients. The Colonel also left the impression that
we would be moving soon.
January 23rd-This AM- at 10:30
Deng and I set out to climb Makel- on an impulse to beat Burgess & Koford
who had started out 1 hour and 40 minutes before us. The latter took the route
straight up- while we decided to go the long way round where is easier to
climb. We had to cross a stream on foot then started our climb Deng dropped out
about 1/3rd of the way up as I continued on alone. The mountainside is steep
with a jungle like underbrush and trees. Around 2/3rds of the way up I made a
wrong move taking a route straight up instead of to the right and soon got into
difficulties running into big boulders- dense underbrush- which made the going
particularly difficult- after surmounting these I came to a precipice which is
impossible to climb as I had to break and push my way around to the right of
the base. I eventually hit an open place between the top of that peak and Makel
to the right. Thence forth I made good time- was soaking with perspiration-even
though I drank liberally of saline. When I reached the base of Makel I saw that
Burgess & Koford were half way up the last climb- this last was the
crowning task- but I arrived between 5-10 minutes after them- my time for the
total climb- including the long walk from the barrack to the ascent- was 1 hour
& 55 minutes- which is the record here. They came along about ¾ hours
later. We made the descent in about 1:20 minutes since we did not hurry too
much. If I had not taken the wrong route I am sure that I would have beat them
to the top- for I lost 15-20 minutes finding and making my way-. The seen from
the top is beautiful- with a range of many miles. The hospital and native huts
looked like miniatures from below. It was a clear day- and a cool breeze was
blowing- and a rest of about an hour at the peak felt good.
Jan 25th While returning from the trip up the mountain the other day--Day and I
passed thru Hindu property at the base of the mountain. There was a white flag
flying on a pole which means there is a marriageable daughter in the
household--and if a man is found on the property--e.g. one out of the
family--he is betrothed to the maiden. There were some men folk out of
doors--who did not appear to friendly too us. Deng and I passed thru very
rapidly. Since Deng is married, I was the only eligible one--but maybe the
Indians recognize bigamy.
I took the enlisted men on a hike by the swimming pool yesterday--about 3 miles
up the road. Took a swim--stayed for about 1 1/2 hours--and then marched home
again. We made the return trip in 28 minutes--which is real traveling
considering the hills, mud in spots + uneven roads.
Our second anniversary--will be celebrated tonight. Should be tomorrow but were
are unable to get a band for the 26th.
Jan 26th Had our anniversary party last night. Since the Americal has left, it
was not too crowded. All had a good time.
Up until recently officers of field grade carried 45s, while officers below
that grade and enlisted men carried carbines. This was changed however when the
Japs got wise and began to pick off the men carrying pistols (45s). Now both
are issued indiscriminately to both officers and enlisted me. Commissioned
officers do not wear insignia and are not called by their ran but by their name
or nick-name--so the Japs will not be given any cues.
The Americal has 300 casualties at the canal--32 officers and 268 E.M.
Willie Schlein learned that he was going
home--yesterday. Last night he got as a tight as a drum.
Five are the nurses are being sent back for medical reasons--Benoit, Reilly,
Des Marco, LaPlante and Wynn. The others will probably be dispersed amongst
other units.
Jan 29--There is to be an inspect this AM of personal equipment--all of which
have laid out on my cot. We started on suppressive Atabrine this morning--one
table (gr 155) daily--except on Sunday. The nurses are to leave ono
Thursday--on detached service to the 18th and 142nd Gen and 71st Station
hospitals. Yesterday afternoon, 6-7 of us examined the enlisted men. We should
probably leave within the month. During the past week we have seen many large
and medium bombers flying westward--indicative that a large campaign is in the
office.
Jan 30th Learned thru unofficial sources yesterday that our own unit without
the nurses are all going to R_ Island, a staging and area and then are going to
participate in a red hot campaign at M__ or R___. I feel for the first time in
two years that I might not come out of this war alive for both places are going
to be difficult to conquer for they are Jap strongholds. I prefer take place in
the M _ campaign for it will be a tougher nut to crack, is nearer J. and as yet
is virgin territory as far as allied bombing goes.
Jan 31st--We shall probably take atabrine daily for the duration until we reach
the states.
Went over to the airport via ambulance last night with other officers and
nurses and heard a band concert, and saw the Battle of Russia , and a Jimmy
Cagney movie, "Johnnie Come Lately".
Feb 3rd--Five of us (Alley, Dunger, Kate Smith and Peggy Lawler) started up the
mountain at about 7 A.M. The going was difficult & steep but the girls did
very well after they got their second wind. There were frequent minor spills,
slips, and falls--but no gross casualties. We reached the top of Motel at about
10:15--built a fire as a signal to those at the hospital--and enjoyed the broad
expanse--wide stretches of rolling, rangy brownish green country--with very few
clusters of trees, infrequent groups of native thatched huts. The breeze was
cooling. We started down--and though much easier for fear of slipping or going
headlong. We collected some lemon and oranges on our way to the barracks. Was
surprised at the number of Guava trees--they are very abundant. The girls took
the trip surprisingly well. A climb of 2600 feet--tortuous, steep, rocky, hot,
slippery...Good for them. I enjoyed the trip.
February 4th--Was scheduled to lead the E.M. on a hike today--but it was called
on account of rain. Spent the morning working on cross-word puzzles.
Started at about 11 AM with Hutchenson and Mac Millan--a dozen eggs--1/2 doz
bottles of beer--and hiked up to the swimming hole about 3 miles up the road.
The mud was thick and there were frequent ruts to cross. We had a swim at a
very scenic spot--beneath some mango trees. The eggs were a treat. It started
to rain but we did not mind. We made good time back without our loads.
Feb 6th Two parties in the last two nights--the other night at the Bure for
girls leaving--last night at the Air Corps. Tomorrow night there will be a
farewell party for all the girls.
A storm which started the other night and continued through yesterday--high
winds and torrents of rain has caused a lot of damage. The officers bure
suffered as the thatched roof is riddled with many holes.
Feb 7th The wind is gradually dwindling--3 more nurses + 1 officer left
today--for medical reasons. The remainder of the girls will leave in a few
days.
We are going to have a farewell party tonight.
Twenty two months ago--we left the states.
This morning a ew of us hiked up to the swimming pool and practiced jumping
with Mae West life preservers. Just heard that our ship is on the way--from
where.
A Lt. Col Green whom I met casually at the Bure was killed Bouganville trying
to take a "Pill Box."
Feb 9th The unit has been very active--preparing and packing to leave which
will be in about a week. I have been appointed to take charge of officers
baggage which will be a headache for a while.
From all our reports we are due for a hot spot--and expect to see plenty of
action. We probably will go in with the landing party. There is a story about
that the hospital group was the first to land at Russells through some
misinterpretation of orders.
We have been taking atabrine for about 11 days and some men have severe
reactions--gastroenteritis. Took a trip to Lautoka yesterday with the intention
of buying jewelry, but there was not of anything of value--and the Indians
still maintain their sky high prices.
Feb 10th--Had a lecture on fox hole construction yesterday. The men were very
intent n learning all they could. Up until this move--except our first--danger
was very remote, but now a few hints may be lifesaving. All of the officers
cognizant of the prospective dangers--and I have met only one man who casts
with an air of bravado. I told him that we would see who weakens when the time
comes. Practically all , that is, anyone who has any imagination at all in
times of imminent threat to life will have a sensation of fear. The job at that
moment will be to conquer or break. Only after the actual experience will one
be able to tell how he will react. We shall see.
Spent most of the day supervising the mailing of officer's baggage.
The remainder of the girls will leave tomorrow!
Feb 13th
Waiting for our ship to arrive. Everything is ready for our departure. Have not
been doing much today except laying around.
A month ago or so a Jap plane is said to have been over the island taking
pictures.
Native Indians have been cutting telephone wires. They are not to be trusted.
There are probably plenty of them who are in league with the Japs--who
undoubtedly I believe know about our impending departure.
Our mess officer went up into the hills the other day and shot a wild boar. The
steak though was excellent.
Feb 15th--Time is beginning to hang heavily. There is as yet no sign of our
transportation. It is hard to find things to do to occupy one's time. Gin Runny
contests have been started. The men were discussing last the incompetency of
the Generals staff in Tonga--who probably the most expendable officers in the
Army at that time. It was always a sure bet that the Force would be knocked out
if any Japs in the vicinity--and we would be used for a delaying action.
We traveled down the east coast of the States about 400 miles out for submarine
activity was great nearer the coast--and proceeded through Mona Passage because
it was wider than Windward so that the sips would have a better chance to avoid
attack. Activity was hot there too--so the ships went thru single file a good
distance apart.
Feb 18th--Just waiting--The ship is here in 4 days. This time next week will
probably be on the high sees. Have been busying ourselves with Gin Rummy
Contests and "Once for a dollar"--Won about $70 day. Hope to hold
onto it.
Feb 21st The ship has not arrived yet--will probably be in in a day or so. We
expect to stop at Suva--then the staging area --709, then 706, wherever that
is.
Heard from Eddy yesterday--evidently he is back in combat again. States that he
got a plane over Raboul in Oct.
22nd The Celena arrived today--a liberty ship--with troops aboard at ready.
There are accommodations for 21 officers, 21 short, and the rest of the
officers will probably go by plane. I shall have to go by the ship for I am in
charge of the baggage. Learned tonight that the wardrobe holding our uniforms
and my new French coat--fell about 3 stories into the hold with a refrigerator
on top--smashing the container to pieces. I hall consider myself lucky if I
ever see my things again. Two radios were also encloses.
The Celena is an old ship just out from the states after having her tail end
repaired. It was blown off by the Japs. She is said to have six planes to her
credit.
Our preparations have not run as smoothly this year--more snafus.
Went to the airport tonight and saw a movie--Betty Grable in Coney Island--in
technicolor. --Everyone enjoyed it.
Feb 24th
We are now aboard--and will sail soon. It is a relief to be completely loaded,
for their seemed to be snafus from beginning to end with plenty of bitching.
The men are pretty well put out about this ship--for it has barely any
conveniences. We officers are stuck in the hold--and the bunks are in tiers of
four--very close together --with practically no elbow room. It is about the
worst accommodations we could have without exaggeration. The food is all G.I.
cafeteria style of service. It is a consolation that we will just be aboard for
a week to ten days.
I collected the locker about 9AM--arrived on the dock at about 10, but it was
not before 2:15 AM before they were loaded.
I have yet to see a loading run so inefficiently--mistakes & boners from
the start--with damage done to our equipment. A barge containing valuable
equipment broke loose--and stranded itself on a sandbar. I suppose with all of
this we shall experience much worse.
Feb 25th Uneventful sailing yesterday--had two meals--breakfast at 6:30--dinner
at 2:30. Arrived at Sura and docked at about 4:45--having started at about
8:30. Some of the officers went ashore.--but I decided to wait until this
afternoon--for we will be here until tomorrow noon. Had to stand watch in the
hold from 12 to 3AM last night.
Today or tomorrow AM more troops are coming aboard--a New York outfit and I
understand that they are to be quartered in the hold where some of the officers
are quartered. Things are very crowded now and it is difficult to move
about--hot & sticky, smelly, noisy. Someone certainly did well by us at
Nouma.
Feb 27th--Things are in a bad state. We officers have been transferred to hold
#3--a dark hole without lights, ventilation. Twenty of us are packed into a
space about 20' by 15' and there has been a terrific howl set up. The hold is
not fit for cattle or galley slaves probably had better quarters. It was all
due to an error on the part of a "soda jerker" (probably a colonel)
who ordered 100 casualties aboard at the previous stop. The alternative is to
quarter with 250 troops who are to come aboard to hold #5. It is the prime
snef. The men have worked hard during the last two years and deserve
better--better than the worst which they are not getting. Can't conceive of the
Japs traveling this way. It will be impossible to sleep or rest in our present
quarters because of the intense heat--so we are prepared for a week without
sleep.
To compensate for the two meals a day with a stretch of about 16-18 hours
between dinner and breakfast the man have been raiding the Px in town. I went
ashore yesterday and today and invested in some Fijian novelties.
I am in charge of a lifeboat with 35 of our men.
I am greatly disappointed in the efficiency by which both the army &
navy are run. This movement I hope is not an index of how things further up are
being run.
Heard today that the 0/0 in the unit will be 5, 12, 22, 50% for the first 4
months. Should be home by fall at that read. Heard also that we are to be
stationed at the canal and are not going forward. At that rate would prefer to
rotate.
Things are a sorry mess. In our unit we have no one higher rank with sufficient
strength to do anything about these messes. It is not the first time we have
been given the dirty end of the stick.
Feb 28th--We left the dock at about 10 AM--went out into the middle of Suva Bay
until about 5:30 when we left Fiji--forever. We are quartered in hold #5 with
300 enlisted men. The hold also serves as a mess hall. My bunk is next to a
table. Yesterday someone spilt a tray load of food on my Val-pack.
We had our first blackout of the year last night. There is an automatic switch
which puts the lights out when the door is opened to the officers quarters. It
was pitch black until accommodated--and difficult moving about the deck. It was
quite hot in the hold. We were awakened by general quarters this A.M at 4:45--.
The day is black and raining.
Should be in Espiritu Santo in two days.
Feb 29th--Should reach Esperanto Santo in about 26-27 hours. Stood watch last
night in hold #5 from 9-12. Have been a little upset during this
trip--squeamish. May be due to atabrine. All the men are anxious to arrive at
our destination which is about a two day trip from Esperanto.
I intend never again to travel by sea after I return home. There is
plenty to see in the states, etc.
We wear our life belts all day long while underway.
March 1st--At about 5:30 AM started thru Selwynor passage through Pentecost
Island to the right and Ambryn Island to the left. Malakula is distant left.
Further on passed Aoba and Santos appeared in the distance. We are too far away
to distinguish any form of life or vegetation on these islands. Expect to be at
Esperantus Santo in about 1 hr.
Has been very unpleasant aboard. Most heat--smelly holds, overcrowded. Will be
glad when we reach the canal.
General activities are twice daily--4:45 AM, 5:45 PM and 6:30 to about 7:30.
During these periods all troops must be below deck but up with at least
trousers and shoes on.
March 2nd Arrived at Esperantos about about 11AM. A nice seal locked harbor,
with many ships--and plenty of activity. Left at about 2:30--in a convoy of 10
ships including one L.S.S. Expect to arrive at the canal--2 days hence. It has
been a miserable trip for me. Feel Sick. Have not been taking my atabrine. Will
be glad when it is over.
March 3rd-_Traveling slowly--about 8 knots thru the Coral Sea. Hope that we
read Guadalcanal tomorrow. The chances of meeting Ed there will be great. I
hope that we can arrange it.
Golly but it would be great to be on my way home. It is difficult to
imagine--but I hope that soon I shall be homeward bound.
We are probably traveling at the top speed of our slowest ship--8 knots.
March 4th
Yesterday went through the "Slot" with San Crestobal to our left, the
three sisters Ulawa and Pio. The islands appear mountains in the distance--We
could see the whole length of San Cristobal. The slot "Torpedo
Junction" where a year or so ago so many of our ships were torpedoed. It
was a very fine day of sailing. It is now about 5 AM. I got up and shaved
because I could not sleep because of the heat. The "Black Hole of
Calcutta" had nothing on these dungeons. I hope that we will go ashore
today. We have been on board for 11 days now. Long enough on a well
accommodated ship--but this!! At Esperanto the other day saw a ship with its
side neatly blown at center by a torpedo which must have done a wonderful job
inside.
March 5 We arrived Guadalcanal at about 10AM and disembarked at Tenaru Beach--between
Koli and Lunga Points the stretch of line in which the primary beach head was
made against the Japs 1 1/2 years ago. We proceeded immediately to our
destination which consisted of a wild grassy section which was barren of all
signs of previous habitation. It is to be a temporary site for we expect to be
on the island (Code name--Dial) for a month or so. We passed may historic parts
and saw Tulaga, Florida Island, Savo. We are near the point where the Jap
marines came ashore to attempt to retake Henderson field. May of the coconut
trees down a mile or two have their tops blown off by gunfire. One large area
is devastated by the 26 million ammunition dump explosion of several months
ago. Bloody Beach or Red Beach is close by as are the Tenaru and Malumba River.
I spent the first day until 2:30 AM trying to get the officers luggage ashore
unsuccessfully--got about an hours sleep without covers--netting etc--and was
bitten so much during the night that if I do not have malaria now I'm lucky.
Admiral Halsey's USAFISPA or Hq is a stones throw from here--we attended a
movie there last night.
It rains very frequently and the ground keeps damp. But when the sun shines it
is sweltering.
There are four of us to a pyramid tent--Elisa, Smith, Feldman, and myself--and
we have been quite busy trying to get things in order. We eat in chow line with
the enlisted me.
Tojo's son was shot down about two miles from here--and there is a sign above
his grave Piss on Toja.
The Solomon Islands were named by a Spanish explorer who came upon them
while searching for Solomon's gold mines. Guadalcanal was his native town in
Spain.
March 7--Worked down at the docks for the last two days. The heat is the
worst yet. Took a trip to Henderson field yesterday and looked around. Walked
along the beach today (Tenaru) and saw many rusted wrecked trucks and barges
with shell holes in them. From down the road--can see Savo Island on which
recently the big naval battle took place--also Tulagi.
Learned yesterday that we are going in about a month with the 40th Div to
take Kavieng, New Ireland. It is a big Jap Naval Base at the northwest top of
the island and should be a big show. We should probably have to leave most our
equipment behind--We have 500 tons.
There are skeletons--probably Japs--in a dump about 25 yards from our camp--and
partially filled in foxholes from which an awful stench issues--in all
probability decomposing bodies.
March 8th We are completely unloaded and have left most of our equipment down
near the beach.
Did my laundry today--about 3 weeks accumulation--took about 3 hours. Will have
to conserve on my clothing. What a job!
Hot as blazes in this tent. Took a swim this afternoon and the water was like
soup.
March 10th Took advantage of the rain today to soap up and take a shower a' la
helmet. Also managed to do some laundry. The four of us today improved our tent
by raising the center pole on a log 2" high and flaring the side, front,
and back flaps.
Decided to send my woolens home--blouse, pants, trench coat, etc--for I fear
for their safety if the last move was any index of the care taken of cargo. It
will probably be worse during the next move.
Took the malaria spraying squad out yesterday along the creek where there was
incident of old battle activity--empty gun cases. There are also skeletons
around which I did not see but my men came across them.
March 11--Another day has just about passed. The Americal division has been
broken thru by a Jap counter offensive at Bougainville--and are sad to have
lost an air strip. Ammunition today was rushed there from here.
Time is beginning to weigh heavily and I hope that the next few weeks roll by
rapidly. The reverse at Bougainville may slow us up a bit.
March 13th Took the Malrial Squad down to the 20th St. Hosp. A course on
malaria control will be given morning and afternoon for the next three
days.
Took a refreshing shower before dinner during a downpour. Needed for it--for I
had not bathed for several days except in the ocean.
The harbor usually is dotted with ships--an average of about 30-35 and would
make a fine target for Jap drive and torpedo bombers.
Went to the stockade of at the 20th St Hosp to see some Jap prisoners. None
were there since they were evacuated to New Caledonia last week. There
are still Japs up in the hills. One weighing about 50 pounds came down the
other day and died the next. The Jap prisoners they say are treated like kings
to obtain information. Information that was largely contributory to our
success at Bougainville was obtained from a Jap aviator.
The story about Tojo's son being buried on the island is supposed to be untrue.
It was an Imperial marine who was on a landing barge that was blown to
smithereens during their attempted landing.
Have been given 12 bottles of liquor--dividends from the club--and do not know
what to do with them. Form the sound effects coming form the adjourning tent
the occupants seem to be drowning their sorrows in it.
March 15th
Just sat around--finished a military story, made a little home--took a
swim--and then a shower in a downpour. Nothing new--Just waiting. Plenty of
ships in including the West Point (Washington).
Bulletin out that rotation in this outfit would not go into effect until
our next mission is completed. Those against whom disciplinary action has been
taken are not eligible.
We go around during the day in shorts and sneakers--to keep cooler and to
preserve clothing--i.e. amount of laundry. Complete covering is necessary at
night as protection against mosquitoes. It cools considerably during the
evening and night--but the days are terrible.
March 16th
Went out with malaria squad this AM. Could not find any genus of Anopheline
anyplace in the area.
March 17th Dean, Ralph and I stated out for Kola Point this AM at 7:30 AM and
caught the Guard Mailboat to Tulagi. After a pleasant ride during which the
captain served coffee-we arrived at our destination at 10AM--the trip took 2
hours. We passed on the way Tanambogo--a very small island where a couple of
hundred Japs killed 900 out of 100 marines in a supposed landing operation. The
latter were apparently afraid to go ashore. The Japs shot holes in the landing
barges which sunk exposing the marines to the deadly fire of the Japs. Two days
later a destroyer shelled the island. It took a group of volunteer marines to
clear it out. Since the slope was precipitous--and the Jap guns could not shoot
lower than horizontal--the marines were relatively safe when they got ashore.
At Tulagi we saw caves, similar to those in which the Japs hid. Many were
buried alive purposely by blocking the entrance by means of explosives. We
visited the Naval Base Hosp--which has a fine layout--and met a Dr Nichol from
Dover who knows many I knew at Morristown. We left at 11 AM--passed Hutchinson
Creek--Carter City and proceeded to Lyons Point--all of these are in Florida
Island. Lyons Point in Purvis Bay is a fine naval and 6 cruisers were in--three
of which set sail soon afterward--probably to Ratneil or Bouganeville. We ate at
the Navy Officers mess--and then went to see the Officers Club-or the Iron
Bottom Bay Club. The island is very narrow--about 1/4 mile. Iron Bottom
Bay--received its name from the number of vessels both Jap and American sunk to
the bottom. Although the club was closed we managed to see the inside which was
very well done. We left Lyons Point at 2 and arrived back at Tulagi at 3
PM--where we disembarked--met Jones, Maroon, Robins and MacMahon--and started
back for the canal at 3:30 PM. On hand we met an ensign--a naval demolition
expert--who told us some hair raising tales about his job. We arrived at the
canal at 5:30. At Lyons Point, just below the officers club, which is built on
a high knoll is the Bishop of Melanesia's Palace, which is actually a medium
sized thatched hut. We tried to see her but he was not in.
March 18 Ralph and I arose early and went out to the airport (Koli Field)
hoping to get a ride to Bougainville or Munda.,. However the plains were
schedule to go to Nouma, Russel and Townsend Island so we are going to try
again next week.
Did some laundering this morning.
The prospective invasion of Kaveing is off-- We do not know what caused the
change in plans- probably the difficulties in Bougainville where the going is
tough. They say that the Japs are desperate there and are putting up a stiff
offensive. The casualties are high amongst the Americal, and they are not
receiving any replenishments or reinforcements. It is possible that the 40th
Div will be sent.
Rotation is also off--in this theatre for some reason or other. General Harmon
is supposedly opposed to it.
March 20th--Wen down to Koli Field again this A.M hoping to be able to get a
ride Munda or Bougainville, but it was a poor morning. Visited the 137th
Station Hospital. They have a very nice set-up right on the water front. A swim
this afternoon and a movie
tonight.
March 22nd--The days are monotonous--nothing to do but read--that is--if there
were any reading materials around. There are no prospects of any activity and I
fear that this state will exist indefinitely.
March 28th--Tuesday--On Friday started out with Feldman and Smith on a trip to
Savo. Waited in the heat and dust of the dock for 7 1/2 hours before we were
able to inveigle a ride on the boat and en route were drenched by a downpour
and almost missed the island because of poor visibility. Our stay on the island
was very pleasant--we lied in a thatched hut, ate well, visited the native
villages.
On approach the women would scatter and hide. They are fairly well built, hair
cut to the scalp--some white with calcium--a manner of bleaching it, with
nothing above the hips--and were very shy. Many chewed beetle nut which gives
them a fog and dyes their teeth, gums, and buccal membranes a bright red.
Living conditions are quite primitive. Food consists of fruit, fish, and a
white mush--speckled with pieces of nuts and wrapped in leaves. I is made by
hand and since their hygiene of the poorest, not a delectable sight. I bought a
war club. On Sunday I visited Anglican service--in a large thatched building
(about 20' by 40') the woman in the undress and with suckling children--men and
boys on the other side. Symbols were both pagan an Christian. Carved
birds in flight were predominant n the churches and said in both Soloman and
English. We saw many cases of Yaws.
The food in the outfit was very good compared with our standards and
sitting instead of standing in a mess line was appreciated. A Capt Rogers,
district commissioner visited the island and told of his adventures
exploring New Guinea several years ago. The British evidently resent
the Americans approach to the natives, believing that we are spoiling them
which we probably are--They (Br) always seem to be on the defensive. The
natives prefer Americans to the British.
On Friday--since we plenty of time I visited the American cemetery--where there
are about 1500 graves. Off in a corner there are about 50 Jap graves. The
others killed on the island--of which there were many--evidently did not rate
such and were left exposed, or buried in fox holes, ditches without ceremony. I
also visited the stockade where I saw about a dozen Japs who appeared in good
health and lived in quarters better than our own.
The afternoon I am going on detached service to the 8th Mobile Naval hosp. for
an indefinite period--until or unit has specific plans. I heard that there was
an opening and requested it.
On Savo--all types of vegetation is profuse--and junglelike. There are coconut,
ivory nut and many other types of trees which grow to a good height--bananas,
pineapples, paypay, trees, frangipani, hibiscus, and other blossoms. The island
is small, volcanic--and has steep rising slopes to a highest pt. of 1300. There
are numerous birds--parrots, parraqueets, and cockatoos--of various colors. The
water looks very inviting but after a warning that the waters were chock full
of sharks, I was satisfied with an improvised shower.
March 29th--A US Naval Mobile Hosp #8 Started work today. Had a ward of my own
with 50 patients. It is really a pleasure. The Navy certainly knows how to do
things. Our quarters are fine--screened in--with plenty of room, real showers,
and other conveniences, good food, a very congenial crow, a real bar. Movies
from 8 to 11--1-14 with evening rounds right after supper. Since we are all
visiting doctors we do not serve as O.D. The nurses who arrived the other day
also started to work today. Seem to be a nice group.
April 1st--Time is flying here--kept quite busy--but enjoy it.
The food is good and surroundings pleasant. Had Hatten and McKelvey over last
night for dinner--and believe they had a good time.
April 5th
Days have been uneventful. Work from 8-11, 1-4 and am kept quite busy. There is
not much to do at night. Have seen most of the movies--a year or two ago. There
are no new rumors from the unit. Have been working up many Filariases--Operational
fatigues, Contact fatigues.
April 11th Jack Kaiser is on his way back to the states. He was steam rolled
into the hospital 2 days ago--and is on his way out now.
I attended a party here yesterday. I started at 4 and ended at 9. Had a
good time.
April 14th Have had two caps chewed up by rats during the past week. Learned
yesterday that the McCawley (Santa Barbara) was sunk by Kelly (who shot two
torpedoes into her. He had been told that there were no allied ships in the
area--a case of mistaken identity.
Am reading Guadalcanal Diary and find it good.
The women in this area--when expecting go out into the brush with a
"midwife" or along if they can't afford one--for 40 days--and after
they have their child return to their village. They also leave the village each
month when catemanic--returning when the flow stops.
April 19th--Have seen plenty of Filariasis in marines just back from the
Marshall islands--who spent 14-15 months in Samoa-inguinal and a testicular
involvement predominates with swelling and upper extremities second.
Was given a Jap rifle--31 ought--a marine named Otis game tit to me. It was
marked by two billet hits--the third got the Jap. A
Seabee" gave me some "cat's eyes" which he picked up in New
Georgia.
April 23rd Party at the club here last night--had a pretty good time.
Two Jap subs were seen of the islands the other night--by depth charges.
May 1st Had an uneventful birthday on April 29th--17 nurses & 8 officers
took a trip to Savo in a P.T. boat--averaging about 35 -40 knots. The natives
put on a show for us. We all enjoyed the trip. I snapped a roll of photos. That
night there was the weekly dance at the club here.
May 16th There has been a long lapse since I last wrote--but the daily routine
is still the same. To the ward at 7:45--until 11:15--lunch--Ward 12:45-4-a
shower--the club for a cocktail or two, dinner--a visit to the ward--and then
usually a movie. Each Saturday night there is a dance for staff officers &
nurses.
There will be a dance tonight--and a formal change of command tomorrow--for the
C.Co captain has been ordered back to the states. Capt Terry will take
over.
Naval officers have been leaving for the states after 18 mos. overseas. There
are several going this week. Robbins & I are veterans here --26 months. Our
rotation has been called off because of lack of replacement. Probably will not
be home by Xmas this year.
A big push is being prepared, and will take place within a week or two Probably
Guam or the Philippines. Other officers have been asking how we can take being
out here so long. The first year or so is the hardest. I hope that I have been
encouraging.
May 24th Have been working pretty hard & have acquired another ward &
now have two wards & a barrack full of pts to take care of in addition to
doing medical consultations in outpatient.
There is no news except scuttlebut that our unit will be in the Philippines in
August. The marines are all set for the next invasion which will probably take
place within the next month--and it will be a big thing--the biggest yet--on
Guam--and probably others. The marines are out on maneuvers this
week--preparing for it.
May 25th--Something of interest today--Most of the men in the barracks had been
missing things--as well as in other quarters. Two of the men examined the
Chaplain's locker + drawers--and found them loaded with booty--consisting
of everyone's valuables including the Catholic Chaplain's watch. He is being
rushed out--& will leave tomorrow as a pschi patient. The one we least
suspected.
June 7th--Last night at 7PM there was interruption of the radio news to
announce that the invasion of France was taking place--which started before
dawn--evidently just a few hours before we heard of it. Eleven thousand planes,
4000 ships, 3000 smaller craft took part and paratroops landed with light
casualties in the region of Coln--the beachhead is between Le Havre and
Charbourg. It is the best news of the war which we have been awaiting for 2 1/2
years. It is though that Rommel and Von Runstad have 1 million men on that
front to oppose the Americans, Canadians, & British who made the invasion.
The marines have left during the past week or so--and soon we shall have some
news of additional landings out this way. We will all keep our ears glued to
the radar from now on. Rome free 3 days ago.
June 17th Things have been happening fast... The Marines have been cleaning
up--have landed in Saipan--and bombed Japan (Army). The new B29s engaged in
this bombing raid. Yesterday Borneo, only 600 miles from Japan was bombed.
Activity in France & Italy is still going strong. We took care of the 22nd
Div of Marines--before they off a few weeks ago.
There is some scuttlebutt that Russia has declared war on Japan. More Marine
activity is expected next week. Tokyo and a large steel center were the foci of
the bombing raids.
We received 505 pts from Saipan today--including 25 officers. Most of the
casualties were wounds (bullet, lacerations, fragment) a few amputations
(traumatic), blast concussions, fatigue-combat, and relatively few medical
patients--37 in all. The solace brought them down--and it took about six days
to make the trip.
I understand that the landing was easy--but what followed was what picked up
the casualties. Heavy artillery, rifle, and hand to hand fighting with
bayonets. Our casualties, I understand, were higher than we anticipated. There
were 23,000 Japs on the island--and some German officers--who they say were
killed. The drugged Japs made some fierce counteroffensives. The Solace
made the trip lit up at night.
July 5th--The 4th was quiet--the only point of similarity to them of the past
was the heat. There was a cocktail dance at the club--but few of the girls
showed up.
Last night there was a red alert but I slept through it all. Some Jap craft or
crafts were probably in the vicinity.
I have been in chart of E.C.G for the past 2 weeks--and I find my mornings very
full.
The scuttlebutt is that we should stay in the Southwest Pacific Command
(MacArthur) and will probably move in 1-3 months.
July 20th About a week ago we received about 24 Jap patients. I have not seen
them. One is said to be a Jap pilot who has 2 American planes including a B24
to his credit. Another is a boy of eight who was probably a Korean worker--many
of which compose the group. I have not been to see them yet.
I have been very busy around my two wards and electro cardiography. There
has been a good turnover.
I have taken my name from the list of candidates for rotation. I figured that I
shall be one of the last to go on rotation since I seem to have held up better
than many--and the brass will also go first. On the list there is no chance for
promotion. off--though remote there is a chance. I would probably do much
better back in the states. Many of our men are still sitting it out.
August 2nd Patients from Guam and Tinian have been coming in. My two Saipan
patients are coming along fine. I was afraid I might lose them.
Each week that passes seems to increase my work here. I have the cardiac
consultation on SOQ (Sick Officers Quarters) now. Work rather hard but manage
to play a few games of Badminton in the afternoon.
