Part II Pacific Diary, 12/01/42 to 06/26/1943 (Transcription Alexander Mitchell LaBarbera)

Dec 1^st My assignment this month is at the airport--. I’ll pack today and go out tomorrow.


Captain Lynch saw a cablegram at headquarters which read “In view of the fact that force 0051 is to be disbanded” which is the best evidence of our moving so far. Charlie Pierce went to the Col. Yesterday in reference to his application for transfer which he submitted several days ago. The Colonel told him to sit tight for a week or ten days since we might get orders to move to New Zealand or Australia and it would be easier to transfer from there.

This is my last day here at the bivouac area--after 7 mos. Stay--. I wonder if a tent will ever be my home again. IO have become very used to tent life find don’t mind it at all.

Dec. 2^nd Just finished packing and am waiting for Railpe to come in the ambulance from the airport. As usual, I had difficulty in getting transportation. Mail is in. I hope that I can pick mine up before I leave because it may mean a matter of days before I get it if I leave without it. An order came in yesterday to choose 10% of the unit to form a cadre to return to the states. I’d give my right arm to be a member of the party but doubt very much that I shall be. The cadre will probably be the nucleus of another unit formed in the states.

It may mean home for Xmas. However, it might be better to stick with the unit and to go Australia and New Zealand. We expect to hear some such plans in a few days. If the unit is not split I shall ask for a transfer as chances for promotion are very poor. I hope to be more than a lieutenant before this war is over. Men stuck in the states in soft jobs and there just there for a few months back there are being advanced. I believe that a promotion is due me.

Jim and I made medical rounds amongst the natives yesterday afternoon. Saw a child in the terminal stages of tuberculous meningitis-- and another whom we have been following (Sambo's brother) dying of decompensated rheumatic and congenital heart.

I am not so set in going to the airport at this time--since our plans are so uncertain. We might be given the order to move up at any time

Just threw an empty bottle at a rat and upset his equilibrium a bit--but apparently did him no great harm as he made his getaway in the bushes.

We saw an old man yesterday who was tattooed from the waist down to his knees in dark blue dye. It was done about 32 years ago in Samoa and was supposed to be a sign of manhood as it required a great deal of courage to undergo the pain. Both the word (tattoo) and the practice originated in Tonga. Obtained three more photographs yesterday. Sent them by air mail so that they will be home by Xmas.

Dec 7th--First Anniversary of Pearl Harbor. I heard from a reliable source the other day that we are using the Japs in Burma as bait to draw Jap ships into a trap. It would be every easy for the Allied forces to clean out the remaining Japs as we have about 70,000 troops there but in order to “save face” the Japs have to attempt to retrieve their comrades are cut off and starving at Burma.

I examined a N.Z. soldier yesterday for fitness before he was sent to the brig. He had left a tin can in the cockpit of one of the planes unintentionally. The pilot after a maneuver found that his “gears” would not work and had a close call until he dislodged the can. It was a close call. The N.Z. responsible, which I was glad to hear, got a light sentence--5 days in the brig. He took it rather hard. Slept poorly again last night. Scratched--- turned & tossed.

Am reading “Low Man on a Totem Pole,” by H. Allen Smith--very good.

Dec 8th-- Pearl Harbor was just a year ago to-day. Have not heard of any particular fireworks yet.

Went to the hospital last tonight. Saw a 1st rate picture--The Marx Brothers. Also picked up some Xmas packages--from Eula, Mom, Frank, and Nancy, Rose, Dr. Shapiro and staff, and the N.Y.P.G. Social Service Department. Received medical magazines from Frank today. Took a trip to the hospital again this morning and returned via Nakua Lofa. No news rumors.

Outside the hut the trees are very dense. And although the sun is shining brightly, in this area it is almost completely shaded. A fine camouflage job.

Dec 9th --Am reading “Two feet from Heaven,” by P.C. Wren--and find it quite good.

Dec 10th--Major Heilman --C.O. of the American Detachment here at the airport is leaving for headquarters today. A party was given for him last night. I was made a member of the Short Snorters (SHORT SNORTERS) an allied aviation society by paying 1 dollar to each of the members present--a total of nine. They all signed a dollar bill--and I signed each of theirs. The bill is the membership award and must be carried at all times. If caught without it one has to pay all members present 1$ each. It takes at least 2 members to induct a new member. I’ll have to get busy to find new members to recoup some of the money. I paid out last night. Wendell Wallace and Winston Churchill are members.

Yesterday morning the Queen’s Palace called and requested me to visit one of her ladies in waiting in VATUA--the adjacent village. As there was no transportation, I got a 2 1/2-ton truck from the motor pool and visited to the patient Olivia who is a mild asthmatic. The chief for the village came and requested through an interpreter that I pull a tooth which I did very easily as it was loose. This morning I returned and found Olivia’s condition improve. She speaks very good English. I sat and chatted with her for a while. She is very stout --a miniature Saloti--and very pleasant. I collected a fee of a hand of bananas and two pineapples.

I learned last night that most of the hospital is to be taken down--32 buildings--leaving 13.

Dec 11th--Received several more packages today from the Maybohm’s, Hendry’s, Dr. Shapiro and staff again and cigarettes from Mrs. Laurry. The gifts certainly have been coming in. Margaret sent me a pair of moccasins which will come in handy and Aunt Marge and Uncle Jim a smoking set.

Visited the hosp this morning and stayed for lunch. A rumor that we are to have all our supplies sent to the Nukua loaf by the 21st.

Dec 12th--Uneventful--Took a walk with Dr. Astringe (R.N.Z.A.F.) this morning and listened to how Great Britain is winning the war. I suppose, however, that we are just as bigoted. Last night sat around and read. Seem to have difficulty sleeping out here--probably because I am used to sleeping in a tent. Hope to be sent to a civilized place soon--with some noise, activity, night life-- and good fun. There is not much to look forward to from one day to the next.

Had one dollar returned last night by inducting Hugh Stringer into the “Short Snorters “.

First class mail should be in soon.

Dec 13th--Had a party in the hut here last night--about 4--5 N.Z. fliers--Dr. Stringer, Capt. Barns, Lt Bolton, Lt. Moore & myself. Drank Plunk a new NZ term for poor liquor and played crap. Had a fistful of money-but ended by losing $9.

My two ambulance drivers were court-martialed, i.e. put under arrest by running off with the ambulance last night. They both have about 5 court martials to their discredit.

Dec 18^th--Visited the hospital this morning and obtained 5 more plates which I am sending home. Took a ride to Nuku’alofa this afternoon. --14 miles--just got back--for the purpose of buying stamps for George. I bought a complete set for almost $1.60. I tried to buy a Tongan Note but the treasury is forbidden to sell them. I’ll have to pick some up in a store.

The weather is very hot--and the roads dusty--so thick that it is hard to see. We made great time--14 miles in 25 minutes. Good considering the roads.

I watched a Hudson Lockheed arrive this afternoon with a N.Z. Air Commodore. Very pretty--escorted by two of our fighters. I hope that it has mail. The General and other from HQ were in the greeting party.

Dec 19^th--Spent the evening here and made a concoction with E. Alc.--Orange Juice and fresh pineapples. It was rather weak--but I slept well after it.

Dec 20^th--Made some more Plunko last night--about 6 of us stayed here--drank and played crap. I won $10. Bull session until 2 A.. M.--with Brundage and Capt. Burns. This morning had a mild headache, but it subsided readily. Visited the hospital. Bought 7 small mats and a couple of dozen coasters--to send home.

I understand one of our ships was wrecked on a reef and ½ its mail on board beyond salvage.

Dec 21^st Went to a movie At Bat#--77. C.A. last night--had seen both pictures of the double feature--Guest of Lt. Powers. Gave a lecture on sex hygiene and did a short arm examination this P.M.

Got lost returning from the movie. After ½ hrs. driving around finally got my bearings. The island seemed deserted--but finally inquired where the airport was. Had to awaken some natives to do so.

Dec. 23^rd

Went to work at the hosp. The other night—yesterday was great. A native bought me _____ of beads. (necklaces) Rest most of the day and last night.

Dec 24^th--Xmas Eve--There was a dance at the airport last night. I had spent most of the day at the hospital--went in swimming at the Blowholes both in the morning and afternoon. The weather has been hot and sunshiny--and the roads dusty--so it is a great weight to get in for a few days. Last night went to the airport in the ambulance with Pearce, Van & Smercina (*77^th CA). The party was well under way with phonograph music, dancing, scotch, gin, beer, wine and Plunko. Within a short time, we were feeling no pain. I had a fine time. I had a fine time. About to go to our quarters about 1 mile away we found that someone had made off with our Jeep--so luckily we found a command car--and made off with it.

This morning returned here to the hospital--and found 15 letters awaiting me. They came by air. The latest date--Dec 11. Spent a couple of hours reading them. This afternoon --have a trip by jeep with Jim & Dean to Kolani--we then went down from where we bought some sneakers from the Navy, smoked tongue at Bruns Phillips as well as alcoholic beverages. Also picked up a Tongan note and New Zealand Florin. When we got back we were covered with dust and a shower was in order.

Dec 26th--On Xmas Eve Jim and I played Gin Rummy and drank wine. I attended Midnight mass---but left as it was too hot and crowded. Last year the holidays was spent in Valparaiso. The Xmas spirit is lacking. There have not been many carols over the air. Yesterday morning it was very hot and I went down for a swim in the morning. Res (who was feeling no pain) and Mac came down. We had a fine time swimming and basking (on-Xmas morning--mind you!) and Rex invited me up to have a drink. We went to his room and started off on a drinking bout. A swim in the afternoon. Last night Jack Kaiser, Rox, Mac, Hutch, Staughton and I went down and stayed overnight at Bill Smiths. We were well-armed c ethyl--and had a good time drinking and singing. We invited a few house guests to join us. Rex passed out. Slaughter disappeared. Anyway we continued later into the night. I was awakened about 6 and learned by phone that my Sergeant--after an alcoholic debauch died suddenly last night. P.M. revealed; revealed nothing significant except gastritis and duodenitis (probably due to the alcohol). The sergeant was a good man I was sorry to hear it. That leaves me with one man--as two of them are under arrest.

I was invited to a native party given by the Crown Prince--but I did not attend. Olivia--the Lady waiting to the Queen carried the message the other day.

Dec 28^th

Had my first airplane ride this morning on a Hudson Lockheed Bomber. It was a test flight (as I was warned) and we flew ¾ of an hour over the island and once over Eua--covering about 150 miles in that time. Tonga is very pretty from the air—all green with small villages speckling it—surrounded by a light blue ocean. The pilot made some steep banks –I got a little dizzy but otherwise felt fine. The motor sounds are deafening. I viewed the scene from the gunner’s turret. We were supposed to take off at 7 AM--(I arrived at 6:15) but since we were all at the N.Z. Officers club last night drinking beer—the other men did not fare very well--. After checking up on the plane we took off at about 10. The hospital stands out and would make a good target from the air. The ride was thrilling and I am glad I went. We had a good time last night at the club--. The Austrian beer is very good. I also picked up some new coin from the Hudson pilot and co-pilot. (Fijian coins)

I did not do much of anything yesterday except to write a few letters.

Dec 29^th

Went to the N.Z. Club last night and played poker with the aviators. Lost $5.

Not much of anything today, however learned that the hospital wants one officer and 5 enlisted men to volunteer to stay here. Orders were given to pack everything but a month’s supply. Probably will leave here in a month or so.


Dec 31st

The last day of an eventful year with the war far from won. I wonder what next year will bring. Quick victory, I hope.

Spent most of yesterday at the hospital—took a swim in the afternoon. Last night I visited the N.Z. club—had a few drinks—played crap and won about 4-5 dollars—after almost going broke. I have the gambling bug—and its bad.

Jan. 1^St, 1943

New Year’s Eve spent in Tongatabu. Stringer did not return until late—so I went over to the club and spent the evening there with the N.Z. Air force. We sang and drank all evening—the N.Zs. Became quite “brassed” --and we all saw the New Year in together. After midnight started with Capt. Burns on a wild hair raising jeep rides to Col. McHeads—of the Tongan Defense Force—Had several narrow escapes—and on a few occasions I was ready to jump. Capt. Burns was a little the worse for the wear and tear of the evening—and reckless. When we arrived there—no party awaited us—and they thought the “Japs” were descending on them. They all came out in their pajamas—and were excellent hosts--serving beer, warm and cold roast beef. We left at about three after seeing Auld Lang Syne again—and preceded to take the wrong route which led us into Nuku'alofa--. We struck a big pig on the rump during our dash home—but in spite of everything arrived safely—retired and promptly fell asleep.

It has been raining very heavily—and it might be ushering in the hurricane which we were warned to prepare against.


Jan 2^nd

Returned to the hospital yesterday afternoon--. New Year’s Day reception at the mess hall was a failure--. Not more than a dozen who received invitations (I hear) attended. Spent last night playing Gin Rummy and drinking beer with Jim.

Learned that we are to receive a medal for the battle of the Solomons. This morning collected my salary—and made rounds on my two wards. Have just about finished fixing up my room. Am living with Freddy Graff
Jan 3^rd

--A mild hurricane struck last night—gale 125 m.p.h.--Had trouble sleeping due to wind and surrounding surf. Today—very hot and humid. The ocean was too rough to venture. C.O. Prohibited our going in.

Jan 4^th

Today was quite a day-- learned today that I was on Major Preston and Major Curtis list to remain here to carry on with the hospital while the rest of the unit goes on to God knows where.Major Preston was disqualified because a request is in for the transfer and since Major Curtis is the only Major who volunteered to stay—he is to be the C.O. However, I knew that he wanted me to be part of his staff—and although the attractions to stay are rather numerous I actually felt as though I would like to move on. Anyway the Chiefs of several ____went into a session and selected the men to stay. Matt knew of my desires, however in as much as I was on two lists I thought I had two strikes against me. But it all turned out nicely and I am to go. Curtis, Schein, Benjamin, Alley, Robbens, Warner, Stubbard, Dranger, Kassat, and Stanfield are to remain behind to attend a 250 bed hospital--(station) to treat New Zealanders.

Received some air mail tonight from Pop, Eula, Margaret, Rose. I miss Rose and Margaret.

Jan 6^th

It has been raining on and off for days and the mud is deep. I suppose we are in the so-called rainy season. We never have been able to find just when it is. Each native as a different answer. The quarters here are very comfortable—much different than the tents—but we were used to the way of living and did not mind it.

The Colonel stated that the junior officers who did not try to stay made a big mistake. There is talk that we are going into the combat area. I suppose that we won't know until actually at sea.

Jan 7^th

Was O.D. yesterday—Slept over in evacuation last night—No calls. Received more mail from Cassie, George, Margaret and Eula; Magazines from Frank and a package from Aunt Marge.

Jan 8^th

Nothing of any great significance. Rumors that we are going to Espirito Santo Island—much nearer the fighting—in the combat area.

The men who are in the field and members of the personnel to remain here are to be called from the field to take over the hospital. We will leave at the first of the month.

Jan 10th

Things have been rather quiet. We are going to have the personnel who are to remain take over in a day or two. Curtis is trying to put it off until we leave.


Jan 11th

Yesterday was our anniversary—8 months on Tonga--. We have been overseas for 9 months.


There were several casualties yesterday—Seven Tonga boys picked up a 37 mm shell + struck it with a stick—it exploded –. Two were killed outright and looked pretty messy + —one was operated on--(... wounds) and the rest were less severely injured. A colored soldier had the lower part of his face blown off—when his rifle discharged accidentally. -- His whole lower jaw is missing. Jim + I went to the native boys' homes—returning the bodies—and the wailing was terrific.


Met Velie—the queen's step brother—illegitimate son of the former king (dead).

The white women are being returned are being to the island now.


Probable date of embarkation will be Feb. 5th. Destination unknown.


Seventy percent (70%) of the doctors were killed in the Solomons—a pretty high percentage.



Jan 12th

Routine enough in the past two days. My ward is full—31 patients and contagion ward has five.

The latest rumor is that we are going to Fiji where were we will obtain replacements for the officers + nurses we are leaving behind.


Although we will leave a fine island behind—we'll probably never be on a better one as far as climate, swimming, and the facilities—as well as the nice living conditions we have now—I will be glad to move on—the routine becomes monotonous and boredom weighs heavily at times. A change of scenery etc. would do us good.


Bora-Bora, an island to the east of us (Bobcat), is said to have been shelled the other day.


Finished “Signed with their Honor” by Aldridge. Enjoyed it.


Jan 14th

--Nothing new—except that Wally Schliese is not staying but will remain with the main group.


Went to town yesterday and invested $16 in trousers, sheets, Hanks, socks, turkey, Chicken, and coffee. The food is to be on reserve in case we go to the Solomons or other place where food will not be very good.


Trimmed Jim's mustache yesterday and he looks pretty good.


Jan 15th

A ship came in yesterday with mail—I received 37 pieces—including X-mas cards--. Letters were from Pop, Eula, Frank and Nancy, Margaret, Rose, Edger, Georgie, Ann Rudy, Betty Moore, Margie MacMillon. Cards from Pop and Mom, Cassie, Margaret, Rose, Rose Ann, Georgie, Ann Reeding and May MacAnn. Derived a great deal of pleasure out of it and will wait until the air mail arrives before answering. It was all old mail (Oct.-Nov.) but I was glad to get it.


The American Legion left this AM with the 670th for Fiji where it is going to pick up more troops and then head for the Guadalcanal. <Side insert: struck a reef>Troops from Guadalcanal all have been evacuated to New Zealand—all have malaria.


We are giving over the hospital to the remaining personnel on Monday, Jan 18th.


Jan 17th

Sunday morning—Since I have been relieved of all professional duties all of my time is my own. I shall write some letters to-day. Air mail was expected Wednesday—but they say the P.B.Y developed engine trouble and is delayed. We receive our air mail from Suora, Fiji.


Have been having quite a bit of fun playing Gin Rummy with Dean and Jim.


The weather has been very hot particularly during the afternoon—but the Blowholes is convenient for a swim. Will miss the blowholes when we leave here.


The nights are beautiful—Tall coconuts silhouetted against a star-studded moonlight sky. The nights are comfortable.


Jan 18th

The “_____” Station Hospital has taken over—13 officers, 15 nurses and 97 enlisted men. Seargent King has been missing for two days and is believed to have jumped off the cliff into the ocean. Searching parties have been out—but have been unsuccessful—He has been depressed for some time. He was a fine fellow—congenial, cooperative--. They say that he feared going up to the front.


There is a large group of Warships in the harbor—including 3-4 carriers and are all probably getting set for another big offensive.

They say that Japs at the canal have agreed to surrender to the Army but not the Marines as the latter have been keeping very few prisoners. Very rightly so from the tales told about the Japs.


Jan 19th

Took over for Mac this morning and made rounds at HQ, QM. And the 825th since he is Adm. OD.


Passed a ceremony down the road—probably a wedding. --There were about 100 natives—and a big pig (150 lbs.) roasted.


The children are on vacation this month—they have another month in June.

Have nothing to do now except to censor about a dozen letters a day which takes about 20 minutes.


Am going to receive another $100—as a uniform allotment which brings the total up to $250. Not bad!


Am invited to a party at the airport tonight—along with Elias, Dranger, and MacMahon.


Jan 20th


Collected $100 yesterday. Am going to put on reserve in case we go some place where I will need. Preston says we will be out of here in 10 days.


The Japs have still not acknowledged our presence here—and censorship regulations are the same—I have not seen an American flag since overseas.


Today is Margaret's Birthday.


Was all set to go to the party last night but changed my mind. Stayed here and played Gin Rummy c\ Jim.


Jan 21st


Spent a leisurely day--. Not much doing for the past 3 days. Jim, Dean, Aggie Gardner, Rosemary Byrne and I had been having a cocktail hour. Our supply of Gordons, however, is depleted. We have a bottle of Scotch which we will start on. I am sending a $300 money order home.


The weather has been very hot--. The water this afternoon was too soupy to enjoy.


Jan 22nd


The 134th and 825th have been alerted—Storm heard from a medical officer from Guadalcanal--and has learned that many of the men who left here came down with malaria.


Lefts received his transfer orders last night—he is to proceed to APO 709 on the first available transportation. #709 is Guadalcanal.


We will be probably out of here in 2 weeks—I believe Fiji will be the first stop—from there--who knows?


I have been sitting around--doing nothing but reading, writing, napping. A lazy man’s life—but not bad.


Jan 24th

There was a party last night with buffet supper in honor of Lt and Mrs. Moore (Eleanor Sheen) who were married about one month ago. We had a Gin Rummy contest—I was knocked out in short order by Location. Dean, Jim, Aggie, and I had Scotch before supper. We may be on the water this time next week.


Freddie gave me a box into which I put a lot of things that I shall not be needing. I have accumulated a lot of things.


Dean made me laugh while shaving my mustache last night and I ruined the nasal portion. I had to whittle it down so that it is just a shadow of its former self.


Jan 24th ---

Tropical heat + sunshine—innumerable coconut, hibiscus, bougainvillea's creating a deep green pattern. The warm Pacific, glistening coral, afternoon lethargy, cool nights, natural rock gardens with various varicolored fish; quite friendly natives with their discordant harmonious tunes, gay calico, sharp piercing native scent due to coconut oil and …...occasional showers and typhoons, Tapa, Kava, Copra; --Rats, flies, lizards; Awe and boredom, Dust and Mud; All in all, a very favorable inventory—one which would want one to stay—but being consistent with civilized nature we want to go on.


Guadalcanal, N..., Port Moseby—any place for a change. After we have left I am sure that we will look back on Tonga as the Paradise it is and wish we were back here. The uncertainty before us is attractive—disease, violent death may be in the offering but no one seems to consider it seriously except for a few unromantic souls (I'd hate to be in that category). Life in this setup without much to do; living close to others with very few intimacies, plenty of time to think of supposed injustices creates irritability, resentment, bitterness and envy. It is best that we keep on the move to cast one’s thoughts beyond himself with renewed _____ and hope.


Jan 26

One year in active service—what tender-feet we were last year—Raw greenhorns without an iota of an idea of how the Army works. The shortcomings, red-tape, inefficiency, irresponsibility of high ranking officers, the long intervals of waiting for something to happen, the disappointments, ennui, mismanagement, discontent, and friction; a new mode of living, the-adjustment--resourcefulness ability to get along without luxuries and occasionally some necessities.


Fresh air in a tent day and night—sunshine with nature in the raw, over producing; dirt, lack of adequate washing facilities, innumerable flies, particularly in mess, leaking tents; crashing, thudding coconuts with many narrow escapes; being subject to orders from men whom in civil life would amount to store clerks, and floorwalkers, vacuum cleaner salesmen. Not very attractive but we are better men now. We have leaned tolerance, appreciation, --a new standard of values, knowledge that most men are strictly out for themselves forcing me to use the same code. We have learned to be content with very few diversions beyond ourselves, reading, writing, thinking. Those at home are closer with the distance—and the only ones who really matter except for a few very close friends.

The great test of our present life will reveal itself in our future existence. Let us hope that our earned assets this year will overshadow any liabilities which may have been accrued.


Today, for the first time we had pistol instruction using a .45 Cal semi-automatic. We were shown how to take it apart and put all parts back together again. We shall have another lesson before we have target practice. It might come in handy.


There was a rumor yesterday that we were to leave on the Pres. Monroe in a week—and to be altered today—However, these orders have been rescinded.


Jan 27th

We had a party at the mess hall last night in celebration of our 1st anniversary in the Army. We all had a good time.


Jan 28th

The general has left us--. He departs by plane at 5 AM. Leffit is also aboard bound for Suma, Fiji. Leffit is going to the Solomons.


A native, disappointed in love, climbed and jumped from a coconut tree yesterday and fractured his skull (died).


News came over the radio that President Churchill, every-bodies uncle had a meeting in Casablanca. Jerry is probably there and might have seen him.


Received some air mail last night from Pop, Eddie, Margaret, Rose. Jon Hoyt + Al Diesz. Eddie's letter made me feel pretty low--pessimistic.


Jon Hoyt writes that he has married the U.S. Russian's Ambassador's daughter.


We were on our way down to pistol practice this morning—but were informed that it was called off as HQ. requires that pistol and ammunition be turned in—another snafu.


Jan 29th


Saw a good movie last night—Mrs. Miniver—It has been recently been shown in the States.


Have written a few letters—but am stumped as I have run out of envelopes. There are none for sale on the island—as the PX is closed –. Their supply of envelopes was also depleted.


There is a rumor that the Gilbert + Marshall Islands are being attacked and that the Wake island was bombed. We learned the other day that there was a fleet of 93 ships +—and—including 6-7 aircraft carriers in that vicinity. Col Fisken is now commanding officer of the task force.


Jan 30th

Two medical officers who left the states Jan 6th visited us yesterday. They are bound for the Solomons. The officers got quite a kick out of ribbing them about food, living conditions, etc. that they will have to undergo. They did not seem to be enjoying it. They looked as though they wanted to take the next ship back.


Ninety percent of the marines at Guadalcanal contracted malaria—many came down with the cerebral type and Black______atabrine has been found to be effective prophylactically and therapeutically in only 50%.


The casualties (wounded) are said to be very high. One transport alone returned 700 to the states.

They are going to start collecting some of our baggage Monday.


The native who jumped off the coconut tree died yesterday.


Jan 31st

Was paid this morning--. Just received a $2 check from Father Sexton for X-mas. It was very thoughtful. I have been spending most of my time reading. I finished “What Makes Sammy Run” --and am now reading “West with the Night” by Beryl Macham.


We were presented with two bottles of Cleo Cola—which was quite a treat since we have not had any “cokes” since we left the states. 

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Feb 1st-Just finished “West with the night” and enjoyed it. Have been doing not much more than reading for the past 4-5 days

Feb 2nd—Just had a swim—the tide is low. Nevertheless, it was refreshing. Am reading, “Look to the Mountain” and it reads smoothly. Believe I am reading too much and going to try to get some diversion.

Feb 3^rd We were told that we were to have pistol practice this morning—I walked down to the firing range. No one was there—walked back and was dripping with perspiration. Went to HQ where our officers were waiting. As I arrived we were informed that it was called off. Another of the many “Snafus.” They are a dime a dozen. I just hope that our enemies’ armies are run just as inefficiently. Ours seems to be run by a group of Soda Jerkers.

Our group has been in the army a year and has yet to shoot a pistol. Will just be good targets for the Japs if we ever meet any. It is a matter of shoot and identify in war. Now combatants share the same fate as line officers and its best to be armed and to know how to shoot. The Rules of the Geneva Convention look fine in peacetime but at war—just a scrap of paper. I just hope that some if I am in a spot that the lives of the superior officers who have the responsibilities for the serfs will depend upon my marksmanship.

I received notice today that I am to be Recorder of the officer’s club.

Feb 4^th–Not much new. Am due for some pistol practice this afternoon. There is a big battle going on in the Solomons—an all-out effort by the Japs. Our next A.P.O will probably be 913—At Latogoa—Fiji--but it will probably be a month before we go.

One day here is a duplicate of another. The morale is not very good. The men are restless—and bored.

Feb 5th—Had pistol practice yesterday—30 shots—123 out of 300 at 15 years, 25 years and rapid fire at 15 yards—30 rounds. It was a poor showing—but supposed to be good for me who never shot a pistol before. Was in the range all afternoon and picked up a burn and deeper tan.

Feb 6th—The latest is that we are to leave in about a week. Six transports are expected in. I mailed a package home containing straw cocktail sets—2 outrigger canoes, 1 “tom-tom” --necklaces and a shell.

Went to a farewell party at Mayor Hokafomas last night with about 12 other officers. There was native music, singing, hula and other native dancing where we sat on the floor. A meat consisting of roast chicken and pig, yams and fruit followed by coconut juice was served. (The latter was passed from one to the other sipping from the same coconut.) A large washbasin and towel was passed around—as a “community finger bowl” We all sat on the floor with legs crossed and the food was before us in banana leaves. I also had a sip of Kava—it tastes better than it looks. The natives went to a great deal of trouble to give us a good time.

Feb 7th-_Freddie tells me that Col. Meagher is to be relieved as CO—to go back to the States –or act as our inspector in this area. Col Latham is to be C.O. Gus McKelvey is a little “put out” as he wanted the job. I wonder how Gus feels to be overlooked for promotion. Just a bit of his own medicine.

Learned that we were known as the “Suicide Force” when were on our way here—as no one knew whether or not the Japs recovered the island.

The Japs are apparently putting up a good stand in the Solomon area. Radio and news reports are silent about the activity. Nevertheless, it is a big show.

We are running another Gin Rummy Contest. Won my first round against Gaypohl last night. The prize is $16.

Feb 8th—Another “Snafu”. Our departure has been postponed indefinitely—a disappointment—but probably due to the Naval engagement in the Solomon area. I suppose that we might just as well set around here as well as at Fiji.

Finished “Look to the mountain” and am reading “Victory Through Air Power” by Seversky.

Feb 9th—Boxed with Jack Kaiser yesterday and felt stiff in spots today. Enjoyed the ocean after it.

We are on a one-hour alert as an unidentified ship has been sighted.

Feb 10^th The battle is said going on in the Solomon Area (Naval) but here have no reports. (Jap reports that we have lost 33 ships).

The Navy CB (Construction Battalion) brought us news that we are leaving on Feb 17^th with them on a Dutch sip to Fiji via Nouma.

Feb 18th—Lincoln's Birthday—The weather for the past few days has been bad—Intermittent rain—clouds, skies, oppressive heat.

The colonel the other night refused to have us go out in the next ship. He said that, “we are apt to have an epidemic.” Everyone has been asking “Of What”. That seems, however, to be one of the Cols secrets. All the officers were enraged when they heard about it.

We have been having Gin Rummy contests to pass the time.

Feb 13th—These days are just one Gin Rummy contest after another—as a matter of fact, we have had 2-3 going at the same time. I won a contest yesterday--$7--. Last night Mac Mahon had a party in his room—The New Zealanders—Stringer and Smith were over. We did not lose much time in starting a crap game—and I won $50, after making a descent from about $80. I quit while the going was good.

General Lockwood is not Commanding General a Esperito Santo.

Feb 14^th Quiet day—nothing doing but Gin Rummy—Wrote a few letters.

Feb 15^th Just finished rearranging and packing most of my provisions. Footlockers are going on Friday—and bedding rolls on Saturday—the 20^th + 21^st. We are going to embark probably on the 21^st for Fiji. I am in charge of officer’s luggage.

There was an intimation over the ratdio last night that Hitler is either dead or has surrendered his control to the German High Command since no official documents have been signed by him for the past month.

Feb 16^th Sect Knox announced yesterday that a ship ripped its bottom out by running up on a coral reef, but stated that he would not reveal the circumstances. He was referring to the South Dakota—which was damaged the day after one our parties. Fundamentally, I think the 7^th evac is responsible.

Col Meagher received orders yesterday to return to the states for observation and Rx. The best piece of news the organization has had for a long time. All are glad to see him go. Bob Lotter will be our new C.O.

Feb 17th—Had some native entertainment last night in the mess hall. It was a good show and consisted of singing and dancing.

After the show, I won $20 in a crap game.

Feb 18^th We are a day nearer moving and all the baggage is set for movement to the ship. The footlockers will probably go down tomorrow.

Our new APO in 913 (Fiji). The RNZAF is going to move out. They are receiving new motors for the P-40s and are going to fly them out. The boys will probably see combat action.

Heard last night that Hubbard and Mosely were “scratched” in combat and that the ground force (68^th pursuit squadron) suffered many casualties through Jap bombing. Dr. Aloe—the T.M.P gave a party last night in the officers’ mess Hall. There was the usual Tongan food, singing and dancing. The Hula dancer was the best I have seen on the island.

There is an N.Z Brigadier in charge of the island forces now.

Feb 19th—Went on a picnic yesterday, with McKelvey, Kaiser, MacMillan, Hutch, Robbins, Slattery, a few girls, Bramley, Patterson, Jordan, Norman. We went to Kalava where there is a short white beach, beyond which is a clearing shaded by coconuts—an ideal place for a picnic. We had plenty of beer and Yellow Peril. The Brigadier was invited but since he did not show up at 4 we proceeded to eat the steaks we brought along. At 6AM the General arrived—and there was not a thing to eat except bananas. Col McLeod accompanied him After a few drinks Brig. Hunt began to rib Mac K who had invited him. It seems that the General had not eaten since noon and was depending upon and looking forward to the steaks. We had a good time. The President Monroe has not arrived yet.

Feb 20th—I collected the footlockers—which are now stored downtown. The ship is supposed to be in the morning, and the men have been advised to have their bedding rolls and hand luggage readily available for collection. Everything has been going smoothly—much different from the confusion at the P. of E.

An officer returning from Guadalcanal says the G2 is having trouble in getting prisoners, and is has become so exigent that they say that they will return the prisoners to the men after they are questioned—to do with as they like. Most of the men have malaria –and C.D.Ds (certificate of disability discharge) are not given except in the very severe cases.

Feb 23rd—All the men are on edge—the ship has not arrived yet. This island has caused various reactions to occur in the men. There have been personality changes—and if we were to stay much longer there might be serious consequences. Some have turned to drink—we have feared that many would come down with D.T.s.

The navy gave a party at the Navy Club last night. There club is very attractive—and we all had a good time. I met a naval Lt—Parks from Marlborough Rd. We drank a lot of beer and returned at midnight.

Feb 22nd—Visited Stringer and Ralph and MacMahon last night. Some of the flyers have left already and the rest are going soon. They are bound for Noumea. I believe some say that our ship is in but I have received no order to collect bedding rolls as yet. Everyone is anxious to go.

At the party the other night—there was a girl Nona Protherau—1/8 Tongan whose father is manager of Morris Hedstrom, Ltd. She is very attractive—and appeared particularly more so since wore an evening gown—and put all of our nurses to shame as far as feminine charm was concerned. She was the attraction and the officers paid her plenty of attention. She is engaged to an American whom she met in N.Z. Where she stayed after evacuation from Tonga. A nice South Sea Tale could be written about her.

Feb 23rd—Am just getting underway 1:40 PM. We were notified yesterday that the boat was in Huke and I had a busy day from 10 to 5 getting officers and nurses luggage down wo the dock—aboard ship and down in the hatch. It seems that there is a scarcity of seamen, so we had to all the tossing but did not find it difficult. We had the best meal for dinner last night since we have been overseas and living conditions are good in spite of three tiers of triple bunks. Don't expect to sleep much tonight or tomorrow night since all ports will be closed and strict blackout regulations enforced but it will be for a short time only. Its is really pleasure living ship again. So long Tonga!

Feb 24^th Out 24 hours—expect to be in Suma in a few hours. It has been a pleasant trip—except for a trace of squeamishness—but not many have missed their meals. The food has been excellent. We have been passing a chain of islands all morning—part of the Fiji group most of which appear barren from the distance—but mountainous.

We have been lugging our life preserves and canteens with us since we left port—just in case—big Mae West Kapote jackets. On the trip to Tonga we used CO2 inflation belts-. Hope we can go ashore in Suma before starting for Lautoka.

Feb 26^th We sighted Suma at about 1 P.M. Feb 24th—and it took about three hours to reach the harbor. We thought we would be able to disembark—but were met and ordered to proceed to Lautoka. One hour later we were on our way without a pilot—so proceeded slowly for fear of running up on a Coral Reef. We started at 6 PM. At about 8 A.M. We reached Lautoka a trip that usually takes about 7-8 hours. The day was one of the hottest I have experienced--and perspiration was dripping. After the enlisted men, nurses and officers disembarked—Grove, Hutch, Felman and I remained to attend to the luggage and supplies. After a very busy day in the hot sun—ordering Fijians—more by gesture than voice I set out for the hospital in a truck. The island is very different than Tonga. It is mountainous, verdant, very hot—with few coconut trees. However, I noticed many birds and some fresh water springs and streams which Tonga lacks. I was interested in the Fijians who are black, well built, more homely than Tongans, with bushy hair. They are very similar to our negro—except for the headdress. I saw many Hindus—very dark skinned, thin, with Turbans and gay colored short skirts. Many carried bundles balanced on their heads. There are many Flame trees bordering the winding, narrow, dusty road. I arrived at the hospital at about 5 PM. It is situated in a valley—well spread out over dry land. The enlisted men live in tents but the officers and nurses in wooden buildings. Our building has not been used—and is laid out nicely with indoor showers, latrines, but since there are two in a room we are rather crowded. I spent last night and this morning rearranging all my possessions. I believe we shall be very comfortable.

Insect life and toads are well represented on the island.

Feb 27th—Have started to work—Was introduced to the wards Medical Officers and contagion yesterday afternoon. I have about 7-8 Malarial cases—aviators who first returned from Guadalcanal—all bombardiers. One is to receive the D.F.C.--having sunk a couple of Jap ships and shot down ½ doz zeroes. They look pretty worn out.

Went over to the officers Burl (native hut) --which is constructed very well with a paved floor---bar--with bamboo woven walls half way up--and bamboo drawings shields for rainy weather.

There are frequent squalls that go as fast as they come.

Feb 28th—Am now on the anesthesia staff—something which I had not done for 4-5 years. However, I expect to keep up with medicine.

March 1st—Have not been doing much. I have been taken of Contagion and am to devote my time to Anesthesia and Officers.

We have had considerable down burst of rain—torrents that last for about an hour.

March 2nd—Daily torrents seem to be the rule here. The skies just seem to open—and it rains very heavily for one to two hours usually in the afternoon then subsides as fast as it came. It helps to cool the atmosphere but is hard on shoes and uniforms.

Have been studying up on anesthesia. Intravenous and Spinals seem to be favored. We have no gas apparatus.

We have two young Fijians, black as coal with fuzzy hair—called Tom and Jesse who take care of our quarters and shine our shoes and do rather menial tasks. I believe that they are being paid 80c a day. They are pleasant and willing workers.

March 3rd—Gave two Sodium Pentathlon IV. anesthesia’s—one last night and the other this morning

It has been raining most of the morning—and does not miss a day—received some letters and Valentines yesterday.

Played “once for a buck” last night and after losing initially made a comeback and won $4.

I find the operating room a nice change.

March 5^th --Played poker last night, lost $10 but won $20 the day before so am still ahead of the game. Sent a money order $150 home yesterday. Gave two anesthetics yesterday and two today.

March 6th— Was busy in anesthesia. We were informed this morning that we are going to receive 20 casualties from Guadalcanal. Rex and I had a lengthy discussion last night about the soul, its immortality, etc.

I hope to go into town today.

March 7^th Sunday morning—and we already have had our daily precipitation.

I did not go to town yesterday since I thought that I might be needed to help with the cases which came in. They were malaria and catarrhal jaundice.

Dropped $12 at cards last night after winning $4.50 in the afternoon.

Received mail from home—Eula, Margaret, Cassie, George-- and was happy to hear from them. L- also wrote—being on leave after having been torpedoed in the Mediterranean.

March 8th—There was a party last night at the officers’ burr. The music was very good. Had a couple of dances. Had a fair time. Can't seem to enjoy myself at parties anymore.

Am scheduled to give a general anesthesia appendectomy in about an hour.

Getting the urge again to request a transfer. Tired of this kind of work with probably no chance for promotion.

A request was made for men to go up with the 37^th Dev probably to New Georgia—now occupied by the Japes. A chance for promotion there would be small too.

There is Jap radio on the island—which the army can’t find as it moves after each broadcast.

March 9^th The cadre is being formed again to go back to the states—Kidder, Preston, Stout, Weinberg and Garret who has been transferred to the unit for a few days for the purpose of being sent home c/ the cadre as he has been getting into a lot of trouble oversees.

Busy all morning in anesthesia.

They say that a tanker that followed us from Tonga the next day was sunk by a sub. Our journey was placid.

Lost $10 at “once for a buck” last night.

There has been a disturbance here between the natives and the hospital. One Sunday Maj Gardner came into quarters with one whole fore extremely of a cow flung over his shoulder. He said he paid 3 packs of cigarettes for it. The following day the local native chief went to HQ and that somewhat shot his cow and calf.

It seems that a group of 2-3 enlisted men and native boys went into the hills and shot the cattle which were supposed to be “wild” although the cow had a chain around its neck and both were branded. The chain and the branded parts of the skin were discarded—later to be found by the owner—the cattle dissected and carted away. The chief demands remuneration.

March 11^th A good day for a change—hope it does not change. Hot as blazes--but better than rain.

Held a meeting at the buerre last night—and laid plans for an active social life. There was a good turnout.

Heard that Tojo's son was killed at Guadalcanal.

The hospital is laid out quite neatly with wards at right angles to a long corridor. The O.R, X-Ray are at one end. The wards are enormous and accommodate over 100 pts. We have 2 ORS--one fractures (ortho) room and a cystoscopy room. (drawing). The cadre is expected to leave next week.

March 12—Was OD last night as well as on call for anesthesia—but it was quiet.

Of 10,000 troops returning from Guadalcanal, 5000 have malaria. There are also many positive caused by malarial infections.

Won about $8 at poker last night—after having been winning about $15.

March 13^th Played poker last night and won $5.50.

Slept soundly yesterday afternoon so had difficulty falling off last night.

May take a trip to Lakota this afternoon, or may wait until next Wednesday.

About 24 big bombers passed over the hospital this morning. Looked impressive.

It seems as though this war will never end. Things are not moving fast to suit us, but I guess we just have to sit tight and be patient. If it ends in '44 will be lucky.

March 14^th Lost $26 yesterday afternoon but recouped in a short game--$27 in about 15 minutes—winning about 9 of 11 hands.

Have been screening my room-----window and partitions with discarded mosquito netting.

Saw “Gentleman Jim” with Errol Flynn last night in the officer's burr. It was an excellent movie and I enjoyed it a lot.

Although we are supposed to receive mail more readily here, for some reason have been falling behind the number I received in Tonga. A few ships have been sunk and I am afraid that my packages—and some mail were aboard.

March 16^th

The 7^th Evac was the 4^th hospital to leave the states. I hope that we are returned in the same order. We were know as the “Suicide Force” since the set up in Tonga, and that area was in such a state of flux. but fortunately the 1^st Coral Sea Battle saved us the trouble of a forced landing.

Lt Col. McKelvey says that we can forget about promotions in this area.

Lost $21 at poker the other day so have given up the game.

Saw a repeat of “Gentleman Jim” last night.

Have not left the area since arrival.

Too hot and get tired in the afternoon. Real tropical torpor.

Ralph took some photos this morning—behind the barracks with the mountains as a background. Wish I had brought along a camera.

The cadre received orders to leave for the states within 24 hours on the Busch Fontaine. Horn, Kidder, Weinberg, Preston, Garret are returning. Horn recently said that if the cadre did not go back—he would be going back in 3 weeks “out of his head.---With the cadre , the men in Tonga, Leffert and Day, Mager the personnel of officers is markedly reduced. The should be back in the states in 2 weeks. What a break!!!

March 17^th

St Patrick' day in Fiji- (Sambeto).

We had a party in the Cadres honor last night—Victrola Music—Purple death with a kick. Ralph Elias as well as others was feeling good. He was prancing about the floor like a Lion telling the girls he is the best dancer in the unit.

Opened the box which I put in organizational equipment—everything was wet and mildewed and a few things ruined.

A rotation of personnel oversees may going into effect—6% to return to the states monthly, bimonthly? This will be a good break—We may return to the states soon after all.

March 18^th

At 2:15 PM yesterday—Gerry, Peggy, Fretta and I set out for Latouka. After a hot ride there through thick heavy dust we arrived in the town at 3 PM and since we knew that the Bosch fontaine was in headed directly for the dock. The ship is Dutch and has not been back o its native country in 3 ½ years. It was in the English channel when war was declared. Many of the crew had not heard from or about their families during this period--are very vehement against the Nazis and looking forward to an “ax day” after the war when they are going to kill all the Germans they meet.

We boarded the ship and had Mr. Eys the chief officer awakened. I also met Park, a Brooklynite whom I had met a few weeks at at the Navy Club in Tonga. The Captain was also in the group. He is an elderly man, who has had one ship sunk by torpedo and was in the London Blitz. He is said t be fearless and slept through the London raids. He is almost bald and in leaving us

momentarily said that, “he was going to wash his hair.

We sat around and drank beer. Parks invited us to dinner as the captain and were going out to dine. We had a fine meal consisting of soup, sirloin steak, hearts of artichokes, potato cubes, chicken Talleyrand, cherries and pudding. This was formed by a Tom Collins in the bar. Parks, Dr. Goldberg the ship surgeon, Guy, Peggy and I were invited to a party by a Lt King whom we had met earlier in the year. We went via ambulance and was surprised and pleased to see that it was for the most part civilian. The girls of whom several were very pretty wore evening gowns which made it so much more attractive. Rum Colinses were served and the music was supplied the the 148th infantry band. The hall was like a barn but decorated nicely with streamers. I enjoyed myself—and danced with an attractive petite British girl who spent her life of about 22 years on Fiji. Mr. Eys was also present: he is typically Dutch and a good fellow.

We left our the hospital at about 11 PM and arrived at about midnight.

The shop had received two alerts—one for hurricanes and the other for Japs in the vicinity.

The cadre boarded while were were there, and all seem very happy about returning to the states.

There is supposed to be a Jap Raider between Samoa and the Cook Islands—so the ship will have to be wary on it's return to the states.

I had a busy day today. Spent from 7:30 to 12:45 in the O.R.--examined some enlisted men for O.C.S.—censored mail and peered thru a microscope for malaria parasites for about 2 hours.

A sergeant at the airport was killed this afternoon. An airplane with faulty brakes made a right turn and ran into a tent where the soldier was slipping, amputated his legs, cleaved his chest and skull.

March 19^th Slept until 11AM—the latest in over a year. Finally got to bed for the night at about 3:20 AM. Two operative cases. Was exhausted.

Today I received several packages—it seemed like Xmas. Shrimp from Pop, Cookies from Rose—Peanuts from Aunt Marge. Flit, soup, writing paper and last but not least Rose Anns photo at 1 year. Aunt Marge also sent photo.

Am drinking a bottle of Australian beer rationed one per man—though warm it tastes good.

March 20th—Have had quiet day. Helped Robbing give a direct transfusion today.

Understand that 2 Lts in our unit are gong to be sent with the 37^th Div and feel that I may be one. It will probably stage an offensive to take another island. Will see what turns out of it. Don't care much one way or the other!

March 21^st Bob Lothan spoke to me yesterday about going c/ the 37^th. He knows little about the setup—including promotions. I tried to pin him down about promotions in this unit but he was very evasive. I told him that if he could find out no one else to go I would be glad to accept the job. One my main reasons is to get away from him. Since assumption of command he has turned many against him. He is busing his officers to obtain his colonelcy. I never did like him and will be glad to go. Finnegan, McMillan, Acherly, Elias, Graff, Schlein—all want to get out. The unit is cracking.

Am assigned to a chore of picking up some throat smears this afernoon from contacts with two patients with meningitis.

March 22^nd Today I started out to pick up smears at the meningitis contacts station at the airport and just returned (4PM) after being on the run constantly. We must have ridden between 150 and 175 miles—over hills—thru valleys—over dusty bumpy roads—getting poor steers-going miles out of the way. It was hot + muggy but clear.

The planes at the field were fine—pursuits (P40s), Grummans, Fortresses—all in flight.

Managed to pick up 15 contacts. Met a few N.Z. Officers whom I knew in Tonga at the Officer's Barre last night. Squad leader Creighton and Lt. Duncan.

March 23rd—Col. Duval is visiting today. Will know all about the 37^th Div proposition. I am pretty sure I that I shall be sent. They are said to be leaving next week. I may be sorry—but just now I don't seem to care very much.

March 24th—The 37^th is going to move next week. The names were given this afternoon--. I believe that mine one of them but have not been informed as yet.

March 25^th

Just returned from helping to examine about 70 men for O.C.S. I was so hot I was sweating bullets.

I guess the dye is cast now—but we have not been told yet who was to go over with the 37^th. Since I virtually volunteered I can bet on myself as being one.

Received a nice Valentine box from Rose yesterday.

Lost $2 dollars at Bingo at the Buerre last night.

March 26^th –Was told last night that my name had been submitted, so I thought that I was sure to go. This morning I got almost completely packed—so as not to be caught short—before going over to the hospital. Latham saw one of my boxes in the hallway after lunch—and asked me what I was doing. I told him I was preparing to go. He told me that it was not necessary.--that everything---.. I didn't know why because although in many responds I did not want to leave the unit—in others I was glad. —So I unpacked again.

Learned that Squad leader Creighton (whom I mentioned meeting at the Officer's buerre a few days ago (was killed in a practice bombing mission). He was not with his pursuits and some Grumman Wildcats. The were practicing interception. He dove to miss a plane—but hit anther and continued down without being able to pull out and crashed into the sea. The trio in the Wildcat were also killed.

March 28th—Went to Latoka yesterday—and looked around town. It is very small and the populace consists almost solely of Indian who for the most part are tailors—or make silk covers, etc. Picked up a few Fijian photographs. Saw a Mosque. Had dinner at the hotel for $1 which was rather poor and then rode back via jeep in the rain in time to see Random Harvest” at the bueere. Received a few letters from home yesterday.

Match 29^th Attended a promotion party at the Officer's Bueere last night for Lt. Col Rupperbery of the 71^st Station Hospital. The music and dancing were goo

Understand that I will be in anesthesia for another month.

Father Lynch told me today that their has been a case of cannibalism on the island during the past 50 years.

Did short forms on our enlisted men today.

March 31st—Quiet Day—Attended a movie and saw “Pittsburgh” with Dietrich last night. The Hunter Legget and many other ships are in Lotoka (10 in all) to accommodate the 37^th Dev. There are supposedly 16 ships in Suma.

Received a letter from Frank today—he sounds as though he has been deferred. I hope he has been.

March 31st—Took a trip by Jeep to NADI (called NANDI) this afternoon on an investigation. Visited the unclean hospital—about 50 beds which were occupied for the most part by Indians. Father Lynch and I then stopped in at a store to buy crackers—but they had none. However, I invested $2.80 in 4 toothbrushes. We then rode out to the airport and saw many P 40s, Grumman Wildcats, Flying Fortresses, one of which had 6 Jap flags painted on its side. The passenger planes with new pilots had first arrived from the States—in 3 days, from San Francisco. There are planes in the air at all times--and there are probably 2-300 inclusive. This morning gave a Spinal to a gunner of a Navy torpedo plane. He has been at the canal.(Bismark Sea Battle) For a boy of 18 he has seen plenty—and states that he killed about 20 Japs in a boat making their getaway from a torpedo ship about 3 weeks ago when 22 Jap ships were sunk. He says that they have no mercy with the Japs anymore since he has seen friends killed while descending in parachutes in boots. He was very excitable and nervous and rambled on throughout the operation. I t will probably take a long time before he gets over it . His name is Coumatoo from 105 St, N.Y.

April 1st—Picked up some throat smears (100) at the 117^th Eng this morning for Diphtheria.

The hospital is very crowded and the medical service is very busy—c/ many malaria—over 400 census.

Received application for “Rotation of Officers back to the States.” If we wish to go we have to give reasons.”

April 2^nd Very busy morning in the O.R. Hear some pretty interesting stories. One patient under spinal anesthetic told me about the Marine and Jap who were hiding from each other—and started a conversation. The Jap spoke very good English—so the marine asked him where he went to school. The Jap mentioned that he attended a certain school in the states—upon which the marine said that he also attended the same school The marine asked the Jap to out out into the open as he thought he might recognize him. Upon sticking his head out of concealment he was struck by a bullet fired by the marine.

Another story I heard today was about a Jap bomber—who upon going over the canal—asked through his radio if any of the men were from U.C.L.A.--as he attended the university. Before dropping his bombs he always warned the Americans to take cover—and when his mission was completed told them they could come out.

One of the nurses (71^st Stat Hosp) shot herself thru the leg last night accidentally. (?)

A patient was telling me about the Japs trying to sneak into a mess line—giving themselves up, saying, “Food, me Hungry.” Jap women were used as snipers—at the canal (Guadal as they call it). The marines knock army MMPs down to get at the Jap prisoners to kill them.

They are making a business up at the canal since the American soldiers go for souvenirs. Some Americans are painting red circles on muslin, streaking them with blood, and selling them at high prices as authentic Jap flags. There is a saying that “the Nazis fight for Hitler, the Japs for Hirohito, and the Americans for souvenirs. Many of our patients who have been at the canal have trophies—e.g., flags, pistols, money, machine guns, swords, surgical instruments, wallets. Some have even removed the gold from dead Japs teeth. '

Am told that two to three months ago when the Japs were supposed to be reinforcing the Canal that they were actually evacuating, contrary to reports.

April 3^rd Listened to some classical music last night—Gershwin, Tchaikovsky (5^th Symphony and Piano Concerto). Busy morning today. Pontocaine spinal tap—followed by pentothol—for Hydorenephious relief by snipping an altered vessel.

April 4^th Sunday Quick—Spinal for an Appendix this morning. Rainy day.

Hear they shot an American marine for running back from the front line in battle. Sentenced in the morning—shot in the afternoon. Hardly justifiable—but has to be done during war. Legalized murder. Hate to think of the crime wave we will have in the states after the war. We will have a nation of hardened killers without respect for a human life. Unpopular officers are also being shot. I understand that they shot a guard who was asleep at his post, also.

April 5^th No rumors or war anecdotes today. Fairly busy morning in O.R.

The movies here are shown out-of-doors as in Tonga. The screen is placed at the bottom of the hut and we sit on the ground along the slope. Not very comfortable—but much better than nothing---except when it rains. There is going to be a party on Wed the 7^th to celebrate the 1^st Anniversary overseas. Its going to be a combined party w/ the 71^st as they were activated on that date 1 yr ago.

April 6^th The last I saw of most of the family, one year ago, I recall Eddie asking me at dinner when I expected to go—and I replied that if if I did not show up for supper—they could be sure I had gone. I knew that I was leaving the next morning definitely.

One year of overseas duty—two has marks, one campaign ribbon.

April 8^th Had a party yesterday commemorating our 1^st Anniversary of foreign services. Started with cocktails (canned orange juice and gin) and a good meal, followed by dancing to the tunes of the Americal orchestra—with Australian whiskey and soda as the beverage. It was a big success and all appeared to have a good time. There are plenty of big heads today. Learned yesterday that we are to receive two ribbons—one for the South Pacific campaign and the other for Asiatic theater of operations.

April 9th—Has been raining quite a lot and humid as usual.

Gave a spinal to a soldier who received the Purple Heart. Operation consisted of removing some shrapnel from his thigh. Sustained wound at the canal.

Consensus of opinion is that strikers back in the states should be sent up to the front—for $50 a month. Leaders should be shot for treason. When you stop and consider you wonder it is all about—and whether it is worthwhile doing your part with the knowledge that selfishness, greed, and other attributes exist in the states. There is a wide breach between the soldier at the front and the so called patriotic factory workers. Is it really worthwhile—sometimes one has to stop and consider. How soon would this be over if they back home in the factories expended as much time, effort, and sacrifice as the dough boy. Maybe a few bombs on our Pacific Coast would change this attitude which seems to be so prevalent—or maybe a few casualties in the families of those involved. The men who are sleeping outside here—in tents which leak—and surrounded by mud are in heaven compared with what they have had. Malaria, shrapnel wounds, malnourished, nervous wrecks. Lets send those strikers up and see how they like it.

April 10^th Attended a concert at the officers bure last night—and found it good entertainment.

Quiet day--Free this afternoon and tomorrow (Sunday).

April 11^th Quiet day—Wrote 5 letters this morning.

Learned that the 37^th ran into trouble up around the canal—several ships sunk. ---It is said that troops from the canal will be sent via amphibian ships to invade the other islands. One ship which has a long range—up to thousands of miles—will carry 200 soldiers.

New type of bomb is being used which dropped from a plane ricochets into a ship giving the plane time to get away.

A Tambua--(TAMBUA?) is a whales tooth—which is considered very sacred by the Fijians. It is an honor to be presented with one. If a request is made by them on presenting it—and if it is accepted—the request must be carried out or else the receiver loses face.

The hospital is mostly overcrowded and tents are being put up each day. Census is about 525. More are due in.

April 12th—Quiet--nothing new--Hospital census still swelling—with pts from the Canal.

April 13th—Allies are really going places in Africa. Germans are being forced back. Allies gained from Efax to Sousse in 2 days. Nice going.

April 14^th Rather a busy morning. Weather very hot as usual. Stories of “Snefs” up around the canal. One officer in the hospital who was up there says that we have been winning because the Japs have been making more Snefs than we--fortunately.

It has been a practice in the past, and still believed to be going on amongst the Fijians to bury a body where a post of a chiefs home is to be—and to stave the post into the ground into the body to lend dignity to the house. The bodies were obtained through murder. Parts of a body are now thought to be used instead of a whole.

I would like to obtain an authentic war club and cannibal fork before I leave here.

April 15^th Just received a letter from a girl alongside who I used to sit in French Class in Cornell in 1931. Just remember her vaguely. She is now a “Vet” and sister in law of Lloyd Doughty—a fraternity brother.

Asked the native boys who attend our rooms to get form me the war club, cannibal fork, and tambera. They are leaving for their home near Suma but promised to return with “the goods” within two weeks.

Received Easter and birthday cards from Eula + the children.

There is to be no elective surgery—which started this morning. Can see where I am going to be very inactive as an anesthesiologist.

Lost $2 at Bingo last nigh after a movie on the slope (Palmer Bean Story)

April 16th—Have not done a thing to-day. Met some officers at mess who were at the Canal. They apparently were under plenty of firing. Received an Easter card from Rose-and other mail from home.

A seargant—Edmond Zaloom—a friend of both Rose and Edgar came up to see me yesterday—he lives on 9^th Ave—between 5^th and 6^th Sts.

April 18^th—Busy in afternoon and evening of the 15^th. Two naval men (CBs) were fishing with hand grenades. One exploded prematurely presumably due to a defective fuse injuring the throwers hand—and his friends head. A piece of shrapnel pierced the Lattus right atrium, went through his naso pharynx, took off his uvula and presumably he swallowed the metal. He also had his jaw fractured in three places. Yesterday had operation which treated an endematous psoas muscle simulating a perinephric abscess.

The Naval air force took over the officers bure last night and gave a party—which was both a failure and a wild brawl. Got in a crap game here at the quarters and lost $158. Off crap for life now. It was a lesson which I hope has served as a lesson. Expect that there will be plenty of action here in the South Pacific soon.

April 20^th Yesterday was quiet—Sunday. Saw a Sportonance last night—One of the Grace Ships—the Saint Elena in all likelihood, revealing life on a cruise—Saw several of my friends—Dave Heath, Churchill. Recalled many pleasant memories.

Today was very busy. A B-26 (bomber) immediately after taking off—developed some trouble when about 100 feet up and crashed. Two aviators were brought in. They kept us busy in the O.R from 10-5:30. Two are in serious condition. Tonight I gave a spinal for an appendectomy.

April 21—Morning in the O.R. Cervical resection for the adenitis.

Yesterday passed w/ anything significant.

April 22 Had a busy morning yesterday. Called at 4 AM. A command car crashed into a tree. Seven were injured—some severely. Yesterday afternoon—a Navy plane crashed—pilot severely burned—died last night.

April 24th--Easter Eve--At mess last night met Lt (jg) Gay of Midway Battle. LIFE presented his photo on its cover about 6-7 months ago--and also a story, "One Came Back." He was on the Hornet--as a naval aviator. The ship has been sunk since Midway. Gay was shot down during the battle--and watched the battle from a rubber raft--covering himself with a cloth as Japs came over him--so that they would not strafe him. He cheered our planes on--noted and witnessed ship sinkings

Two Lts. I met recently were misdirected at the Canal and were surrounded by Japs for four days--without any provisions except chocolate. They and their men however were rescued.

April 25th--There was a party at the officers bure last night. Had a good time--and danced a lot. Learned that Lt. Giguere was was pirmarily our M/Sgt--but left to go to O.C.S. was killed by a bomb up at Guadal canal. He was in the air corps ground force.

April 26th The native Fijians put on a a show for the hospital this afternoon. They arrived painted and with green foliage garments--and looked very savage. They sang and did several dances including a war-club dance, a Maori dance which the New Zealand natives used to perform before going into battle. They also made Kava. I thought that I was sitting far enough from the dignitaries, but one of the natives brought me a cup of the native beverage which I could not refuse but had to drink it down. It was the biggest group of natives I've seen since I've been on this island. I am sorry that I do not have a camera. Some of the men looked old enough to have lived during the period of cannibalism.There were very few young men as they are in the Army and are now at Guadalcanal.

April 28th 31 today. A Lt. Col (M.C.) related some of his experiences at the Canal last night at the bure.

Am gradually working up a a medical group of cases--malarias--so that I have a nucleus when I actually return on Saturday. 

April 29th--Did not go out to dinner last night. Had a party in Macs room with chicken and turkey, gin and brandy. They lit a large candle about a foot long--and we all had a good time. McKelvey, Reid, Mac and Hatch were present.

Had a patient who was at the canal and killed an officer and two privates. He has souvenirs including a campaign ribbons, a saber, gun, Jap Flag, Jap money (bills and coins), a wallet, a pen and pencil holder, a stone (possibly a diamond) that he picked up, a Jap's cap and part of a Zero which was shot down. He gave me me a Jap bill.  Apparently he got the Jap officer in the nick of time or else. He is in with Malaria. The boys are damned good patients.

April 30th Busy day today in anesthesia--my last day. From tomorrow on I shall devote all my time to medicine.

Sent George a Jap bill "occupational money" which my patient removed from a Jap officer he killed. Wrote Pop a letter also.

Have a patient who carries his Jap gold capped teeth on a string around his neck. He obtained them at the canal. Some soldiers to obtain them would look in a dead Jap's mouth and if any were present he would be bashed in the mouth with a shovel--a delicate method of extracting teeth.

May 1st-- Nothing new.

May 2nd Listed to the Americal band last night on the slope. Very good show. This was followed by a movie--Air Force--which was interrupted by heavy rain. Got drenched. One of my patients has about 2 dozen photographs of Japs--some with their families--which he removed from dead Japs at the Canal. Most of them looked innocuous. Strange that our mutual purpose is to slaughter each other. Crazy World!!

May 4th A boy in my ward was presented with the purple heart--wounded by shrapnel at the Canal.

Rex and I had a session last night--ending at the bure.

John Silberblatt left yesterday--C.D.D.--Fungus infection of the ear--nerve deafness from gun practice.

The Americal soldiers are a good group of men--but they are in poor physical shape. They appear pathetic, serious--worn out--and inwardly I am sure dread the possibility of being sent back. I enjoy treating them.

May 5th--A ship was torpedoed and sunk about 90 miles from here.

May 7th No news except kept busy in medicine--Malaria for the most part.  There is going to be a fire walking ceremony in Mao about 2 hrs ride from here--at 5:30 AM Sunday. If I go I shall have to leave at 3:30. Would like to see it but it is rather early to arise--particularly since the 71st is giving a party Sat. night.

May 10th ---One year on foreign soil--Golly--what a year--.

They say that at New Caledonia cargo ships had to wait 180 days before they could unload since the pier could accommodate only three ships at a time. That was the only group in the South Seas before us at Tonga. We had arrived 2 days before the fleet returned to Tonga from the Battle of Coral Sea.

At the canal, the Japs tied themselves to the top of coconut trees--and when they were shot and killed, the tree was cut down to avoid wasting any ammunition by others who might think they were alive.

It was believed that Jap officers had their sabers buried with them--so it was a practice to pry open the graves to recover the sabers--however, it was found to be untrue.

One of our patients in Psychiatric ward was rolling over a dead Jap to claim souvenirs when another Jap in a hole nearby clubbed him by the arm. The patient pulled out his bolo knife and decapitated the Jap.

Was about 240 in the hole--including 110 I owed Van at crap yesterday. Came thru in the end and made it all-for which I am very thankful.

May 12th--6:30 AM Relieved Capt MacMahon as Det Commander this morning.

I heard that there is a big naval battle going on in the New Hebrides--50 Jap ships sunk to our 15.

Starting up a new ward--expect it to be I operation today.

May 14th Africa has been taken--Unconditional Surrender w/ 150,000 troops.

The P47 (Thunderbolt) is in action now--1000 h.p.--over 400 miles an hour, 8 50 caliber machine guns. It is supposed to be doing very well--and surpasses any ship the Nazis have.

Have been very busy--Admitted 25 patients in my new ward in less than 24 hours--malarias.  The new routine is 21 straight days of atabrine  /s/ rest period--gr iss T.I.D. Quinine is the drug of choice--and some 90% of it comes from the Dutch East Indies which is in Jap hands. Our supply is limited and we are not supposed to use it.

Am happier now that I have been since oversees.

May 15th--Received birthday cards from Rose and Margaret. Took a long time to arrive. Expect to start a new ward tomorrow.

Have been feeling very energetic during the past two weeks--probably due to the cold weather. Quite a change from a month or so ago when I used to have to fold up in the afternoon. Prefer the activity!

May 16th--Sunday--but a little busy. Received some mail from home with photographs which made me very nostalgic. Am glad to see that all of the family look well.

Golly but it will be a great day when we return to the states. Its seems as though we will never get back.

One of my patients showed me what he picked up in the canal--a very fine leather knapsack containing a Jap cap, a holy cup from a Catholic mission in the Solomans where a few nuns were killed, a Hari Kari knife, metal from a Jap bomber, Jap money including some meant for the USA belt with a Liverpool Seal on it presumably taken from some Englishman earlier in the war, campaign bars

Nostalgia is bad today.

May 17th--Frank's birthday--but he'll celebrate it tomorrow.

There is supposedly a big naval battle going on in the Solomon area. The battleships--North Carolina and Washington are said to have been sunk. However, the losses on the other side are said t be greater.

A liberty ship was sunk off Suma this morning.

A patient gave me an aluminum bracelet made of metal which he took from a destroyed Jap bomber.

The medical census is rising. We have about 600 medical patients now divided between five of us.

May 18th Malaria still streaming in with few discharges since new treatment is 21 days atabrine in the hospital.

May 20th--We are under General MacArthur's command now.

Our malaria census is steadily climbing--approaching 600 med patients out of a total of 811. New tents are being put up daily.

Have to keep watch on the men so that that they will take their atabrine as wel have been finding many of the yellow pills in the area. They know that if they have the disease frequently enough they will be returned to the states. May are in poor physical shape and should be returned.

May 21st  Medicare census about 650. There is a lot of adverse criticism against the 18th Bat from  Mass. They decided to charge unknowingly when the Japs were advancing. Upon seeing the Japs the officers became panicky and retreated--leaving the men--who not very long afterward followed suit. The outfit is in disgrace. Another unit advanced and recouped.

There was a surprising number of Jap deaths from clearing station to hospital. It was found that tourniquets were loosened en route. That was also an effective method to get the Jap prisoner patients to talk.

May 22nd--They say that a ship is being sunk daily just off the island. The survivors are in Suma.

There are 21 tents erected now for patients--the census at midnight of the 20th was 64 w/ 700 med. patients.

The morning are cold now--64', but the days continue warm. We have not had rain for some time.

May 23rd Sunday--Still relatively busy--A patient is going to give me a Jap bayonet which he got at the canal.

May 24th  Two more nurses had left for the states for medical reasons--making a total of about nurses and 2 medical officers--4 officers in the cadet, two transfers.

May 25th Silberblatt is returning--his certificate for disability discharge did not go through.

Have about 150 patients now.  Had 19 come in yesterday.

May 26th--8AM. Raining like the blazes. Nothing particularly new--census is over 900--with over 760 medical patients. Believe that it will start going down as 21 days of treatment will elapse for many soon.

Have not heard any war news for several days.

May 27th--The 71st Station Hosp gave a party last night--one year overseas. All had a good time.

May 28th--Hospital census 950--840 Med patients. Looks like a boom town or tent city. Probably the largest concentration of troops on the island.

May 29th--Nothing significant . Census still a little higher.

Received a Jap bayonet from a patient.

May 30th--Saw "Shank Don Canteen" last night and thought was over-rated.

The census will probably stop dropping.

May 31st Memorial Day back in the states but I haven't heard it mentioned once although it is all over.

Census--960--Medical 830. Things are very quiet and it seems that this war will never end.

 June 1^st 1943

The news is very encouraging with bombings in the Southwest Pacific, Italy, and Germany. Our offenses seem to be rolling along nicely—and an invasion, I believe, is not far off.

Played some volley ball this afternoon and enjoyed it. Heard that there was a patient down at the 142^nd General near Suma who obtained a pass daily at the time when there was a sinking daily. On following him, they found he had a short wave set in a hutch in the town and transmitted information to submarines about when ships were leaving. Sinkings stopped when he was apprehended and placed into custody.

Helped to examine officer candidates today.

June 2^nd Nothing new—Hospital is still busy.

June 3rd—Hear that Leffit is back in the States from the canal and will probably get a majority.

    The census is still up---.

Understand that 6 names have been sent to Noumea re rotation of officers. Schein and Van Notta are supposedly on the list.

June 4th—Census is still climbing. The we have hit the 100 mark. Mike Herick—the NZ flier I know from Tonga got his first Zero at the canal. The rest of the fellows I knew at the airport are either at Noumeau or the canal.

Understand that there will be a considerable number of American Tongans soon--the 77^th C.A. (colored) being mainly responsible. A new race is apparently springing up here in the S. Pacific.

More tents are being erected—Boomtown.

June 6th—Had a crab dinner last night downstairs in the kitchen.

Played crap this AM and won 20.

The medical census is still rising—about 1050 total with about 900 medical pts

June 7^th Cases still coming in—census climbing—approaching 200 patients apiece now.

June 8^th Burgess tells me that some lieutenants names have been sent to Nouma for promotion. I hope that mine is amongst them and that it goes thru. Each one of us deserves a promotion.

Bought a radio for $10 last night. Saw some war clubs last night. Dangerous looking things. Would like to get one.

June 10^th Bored and discontented for the past two days. Probably need a change of scenery since I have not been outside of the hospital area for 3 mos. Would enjoy a trip to Suma but we are too busy.

The 71st received word today that they are to move to Nandin where a new hospital is being built. That means will be stuck here probably for the duration.

Have some necklaces for the girls. We are still a long way from the end of the war. It probably will last two years--but activity has been slow particularly here in the South Seas. But--who knows?

June 12th Was O.D. last night--Quiet.

June 13th The island of Pantelleria was taken the other day--a stepping stone for the invasion.

Another 12 of our nurses have been sent back to the states.

The census is dropping--negative smears are being discharged after 7 days instead of keeping them for 21 days.

      Eleven out of 12 ships headed toward Suma were sunk 2-3 weeks ago. Some of the mail including the letter Edgar is said to have sent must have been on them. Mail has been scarce lately.

     Some of the officers are going to climb the mountain behind the barracks this morning--a good 3-4 hour climb.

     Mac Mahon bought some necklaces and a war club for me at Suma.

June 14th The Americal Division is doing its utmost to be returned to the states. The chaplain of the Division said that each time a truckload of patients is brought to the hospital the men cheer since they think that the more patients in the hospital the better is their chance of being sent back. Many of them should be returned. However, those who are in good physical condition would form a good nucleus for replacements because of their experience.

Set up  my radio yesterday--plenty of volume--and static. Hope to be able to get a silencer to cut out the noise.

June 15th--The 7th did not turn in a list of  Lts for captaincy--but the 71st did. Anyway it was refused--since the quota of medical captains on the island is full.

Will wait until I see what types of reinforcements come in for the officer's rotating—then may request transfer if jobs are filled by captains.

Our ranking officers are not "going to bat" for us. Notta is engrossed in his own desire to get Eagles.

June 16^th Was O.D. again last night—admitted many patients during the evening but the night was quiet.

June 17th—Attended a lecture on malaria last night given by Lt. Col. Russell—formerly of the Rockefeller Foundation. He stated that of the evacuees from the canal 2% were war casualties and 30% malarial patients. He also expressed the fact, to the disappointment of the Americal Division Medics, that no one would be evacuated from the area because of malaria per se.

The forward movement in the area has been hampered by the disease—it is the main military problem here. As for the treatment we who have been treating it here seem to know as much about it as he does. However, he suggested that we use massive initial does 1 ½ grams per day to build up the blood conc. Qhenit would be most effective. Contrary to what most of us believe, he thinks that atabrine is as effective as quinine.

June 18th--Have been busy staffing pts to specific wards, discharging, etc. Have several series of Rx in effect now for those w positive smears.

1. Atabrine--Gms T for two days P.O.

2. Atabrine GMS .6 P.O. for two days.

        -.4 Gms I.M. on the first day

3. Ativan gms 4.2 daily with /c Mapharsen (0.03--->0.06) twice a week for seven doses.

4) Quinine gr /xxx /c Mapharsa.

5) Mapharsen alone.

June 19th--There is going to be a party tonight at the burred.

No fresh rumors. There is one ill-founded one that we are to go to New Caledonia.

June 20th--The 7th had a party at the Buerre last night. Cocktails at 6:20--Dinner 7:30 and Dancing at 9. About 200 were present including two generals. The buerre was decorated very attractively--and everything went off nicely. I got to bed about 1:20--the latest for any social function for some time.

June 21st--A couple of high ranking officers will inspect the hospital today--a General and Colonel Maxwell--so everyone has been busy putting a few extra touches to tidying the place. An amusing incident happened --yesterday. I was examining a patient in the examining room--and told him to open his mouth and stick out his tongue--while peering down his throat I happened to look around. Standing in the doorway was a nurse with her head tilted upward, her mouth open, and her tongue stuck out as though I were examining her. She was might embarrassed when she realized what she was doing. An example of the power of suggestion.

Will probably have to examine some Officer Candidates this P.M and start as O.D. at 4 PM.

June 24th--Lt jg) Gay--whom I met here a few months ago--was killed over Bougainville a few weeks ago. They say that there are 11 aircraft carriers here in the SW Pacific waiting for the opportune moment, I suppose.

Paul Griff made me a water band from the Jap Bomber metal I had.

It has rained now for several weeks--and during the day it is very hot. The night, however, are cool, requiring two blankets doubled.

June 25th--Lts names are being turned in for promotion--it may or may not go there. We are supposed to have our requisite number of CAPTS in the island already.

Sold my radio for the purchase price---too much static.  Seldom listened to it anyway.

June 26th--There are 88,000 troops in Nouma, New Cal. noand also makes Life Buoy Soap.

The Lever Bros--owner of coconut tree plantations at Guadalcanal have brought suit for the destruction of their trees during combat there. It is an English firm and also makes Life Buoy Soap (Palm Olive).

Tonga brought suit against our govt for $18,000 for ruining the roads. The U.S. Eng did a fine job there right from the beginning. When we first arrived it was impossible to get around due to the mud. Many of the roads are improved by coral. They were in much better shape when we left than when we found them.